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Organisational Theory (organisational + theory)
Selected AbstractsTHE NEW ZEALAND PRESS ASSOCIATION 1880,2006: THE RISE AND FALL OF A CO-OPERATIVE MODEL FOR NEWS GATHERINGAUSTRALIAN ECONOMIC HISTORY REVIEW, Issue 1 2008Article first published online: 6 FEB 200, Grant Hannis co-operatives; monopoly; New Zealand; news media; transaction costs The establishment of New Zealand's press agency, the New Zealand Press Association (NZPA), as a co-operative news gathering agency in 1880 has traditionally been regarded as reflecting a pioneering spirit of newspaper unity or as being largely determined by the political situation of the time. But these explanations are insufficient. Applying economic and organisational theories of co-operatives to the history of NZPA, this paper reveals it was market conditions that led to the creation of NZPA as a co-operative news gathering service. Following profound changes in those market conditions, NZPA recently abandoned this co-operative news gathering model. [source] An organisational approach to European integration: Outline of a complementary perspectiveEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF POLITICAL RESEARCH, Issue 2 2004Morten Egeberg Intergovernmentalists usually preclude any profound impact of European Union (EU) institutions and organisations. Institutionalists (other than rational-choice institutionalists), on the other hand, claim that EU institutions are able to shape and reshape individual actors' preferences and sense of belonging. Seen from an organisational perspective, however, institutionalists often fail to specify (and theorise) the organisational components that institutions may contain. This ,unpacking' of institutions is necessary in order to clarify the conditions under which transformation of actors and policy processes might occur. This article tries to illustrate what an organisational approach has to offer in fields like committee governance and Commission decision making. In addition, organisational theory provides a yardstick for assessing the degree of overall system integration. [source] Implementation of cognitive pharmaceutical services (CPS) in professionally active pharmaciesINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY PRACTICE, Issue 1 2005Trine R. Hopp Phd student Objective To investigate the implementation process of cognitive pharmaceutical services (CPS) in ,professionally active' pharmacies in Denmark; to describe the factors that influence the implementation process in the context of organisational theory. Method Twenty semi-structured interviews were conducted with pharmacy staff and owners in ,professionally active' pharmacies from 16 community pharmacies in Denmark. Key findings Fifty-one factors that influence the implementation process were identified. Based on their content and relationships, the factors were categorised into nine ,common sense' dimensions: network and relations with the environment; the environment's expectations and pressure for change; barriers to implementation of CPS; competence in relation to CPS; organising the pharmacy for provision of CPS; culture of the pharmacy; resources within the pharmacy; management within the pharmacy; the role of the pharmacy. Subsequently the 51 factors were categorised and described in relation to Leavitt's model of an organisation. Conclusion Implementation of CPS in the pharmacy is a very complex process, which is unique to the individual pharmacy. The model formed a relevant basis for describing the factors, and the theoretical analysis showed a complex interdependence of the factors identified in the study. Many interdependent factors influence the process and this has to be taken into account in designing future models for implementation of CPS. Such models should support comprehensive and flexible strategies that can be adapted to the dynamics of the individual organisation. [source] Examination of the Relationships among General and Work-Specific Self-Evaluations, Work-Related Control Beliefs, and Job AttitudesAPPLIED PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 3 2004Gilad Chen Les auteurs ont décrit et mis à l'épreuve les liens supposés exister entre les différences individuelles (les auto-évaluations spécifiques au travail et générales), les variables contextuelles (les croyances relatives au contrôle des tâches) et trois attitudes professionnelles (la satisfaction relative à l'emploi, l'engagement organisationnel et l'implication liée au poste). Les résultats tirés d'une investigation portant sur 159 salariés des services de santé montrent que les auto-évaluations, en particulier l'estime de soi liée à l'organisation, prédisent fortement les attitudes professionnelles. En outre, les auto-évaluations spécifiques au travail permettent d'expliquer pourquoi et comment les auto-évaluations générales et les croyances relatives au contrôle des tâches sont reliées aux attitudes professionnelles. En dernière analyse, les corrélations entre les auto-évaluations générales et l'estime de soi liée à l'organisation étaient modulées par les croyances relatives au contrôle des tâches. On réfléchit à ce que ces résultats peuvent apporter à la théorie et à la pratique organisationnelles. Et des pistes pour de futures rechèrches sont suggérées. The authors delineated and tested the relationships among individual differences (general and work-specific self-evaluations), contextual variables (work-related control beliefs), and three job attitudes (job satisfaction, organisational commitment, and job involvement). Results from a study of 159 healthcare employees found that work-specific self-evaluations, particularly organisation-based self-esteem, strongly predicted job attitudes. Moreover, work-specific self-evaluations helped explain why and how general self-evaluations and work-related control beliefs relate to job attitudes. Finally, the correlations between general self-evaluations and organisation-based self-esteem were moderated by work-related control beliefs. Contributions to organisational theory and practice, as well as suggestions for future research are discussed. [source] | ||||||||||