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Oral Hygiene Habits (oral + hygiene_habit)

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Medical Sciences	100%

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Oral hygiene habits, denture cleanliness, presence of yeasts and stomatitis in elderly people

JOURNAL OF ORAL REHABILITATION, Issue 3 2002
Y. Kulak-Ozkan
The purpose of this study was to determine oral hygiene habits, denture cleanliness, presence of yeasts and denture stomatitis in elderly people. Seventy complete denture wearers were investigated clinically and mycologically. Subjects were evaluated according to, presence of denture stomatitis, presence of yeasts, denture cleanliness, frequency of denture brushing and denture cleaning methods. Swabs were taken from the palate investigated mycologically in order to identify the yeast colonies. No statistical relationship was found between denture stomatitis and frequency of denture brushing and denture cleaning methods. However, there was a statistically significant relationship between denture stomatitis, yeasts' presence and denture cleanliness. [source]

Caries and dental fluorosis in a western Saharan population of refugee children

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORAL SCIENCES, Issue 6 2008
José Manuel Almerich-Silla
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between dental fluorosis and dental caries among western Saharan refugee children. The western Saharan child population is characterized by adverse living conditions, an unbalanced diet, poor oral hygiene habits, and a concentration of fluoride in the drinking water of around 2 p.p.m. (2 mg l,1). A sample consisting of 360 children, 6,7 yr of age, and 212 children, 11,13 yr of age, was obtained from four refugee camps (Smara, Awsard, El-Aaiun, and 27-February) situated in the vicinity of Tindouf (southern Algeria). The children were examined using the World Health Organization criteria for caries diagnosis and Dean's index for fluorosis. The decayed, missing or filled teeth (DMFT) score was 0.48 in the 6,7-yr-old children and 1.69 in the 11,13-yr-old children, with a caries prevalence (DMFT > 0 or decayed and filled primary teeth (dft) > 0) of 47.2% and 63.2%, respectively. Among the 6,7 yr-old children examined, 36.9% were free of fluorosis, 15.6% presented moderate fluorosis, and 7.8% presented severe fluorosis. Among 11,13 yr-old children, only 4.2% were free of fluorosis, 30.2% exhibited moderate fluorosis, and 27.4% presented severe fluorosis. The mean DMFT, decayed permanent teeth (DT), and caries prevalence (DMFT > 0 and DMFT or dft > 0) scores were significantly higher among the children affected by severe fluorosis, suggesting that severe fluorosis might increase the susceptibility to dental caries. [source]

Periodontal conditions in male adolescents using smokeless tobacco (moist snuff)

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 12 2006
Ulrika Montén
Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential association of the use of smokeless tobacco (moist snuff) on the periodontal conditions of adolescents. Material and methods: A subject sample of one hundred and three 19-year-old male individuals (33 snuff users, 70 controls) living in Göteborg, Sweden, were clinically examined with regard to oral hygiene, gingivitis, probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL) and gingival recession. Bitewing radiographs were obtained for assessments of alveolar bone level. Information about tobacco and oral hygiene habits was obtained by a structured questionnaire. Student 's t -test, ,2 -test and logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results: The mean plaque and gingivitis scores in snuff-users were 59% (SD 21.0) and 47% (18.6), respectively, and in controls 64% (22.4) and 50% (18.3), respectively. The average PPD and CAL in snuff-users amounted to 2.3 mm (0.3) and 0.2 mm (0.1), respectively, and in controls 2.4 mm (0.3) and 0.1 mm (0.1) (p>0.05), respectively. The mean bone level was 1.3 mm (0.2) in both groups. The prevalence of subjects showing recession was 42% among snuff-users and 17% among controls (p=0.006). In snuff users, an average of 4% (0.9) of the teeth showed recession, compared with 1% (0.3) in controls (p<0.001). Limiting the analysis to the maxillary anterior tooth region, 33% of the snuff-users and 10% of the controls presented recessions (p=0.002). The use of snuff entailed an OR=5.1 to have gingival recessions. Conclusion: In the present population sample of adolescents, the use of smokeless tobacco (moist snuff) was not associated with the presence of periodontal disease except for a significantly high prevalence of gingival recessions. [source]

Association between level of education and oral health status in 35-, 50-, 65- and 75-year-olds

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 8 2003
J. Paulander
Abstract Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between educational level and dental disease, treatment needs and oral hygiene habits. Material and methods: Randomized samples of 35-, 50-, 65- and 75-year-olds, classified according to the educational level: [low (LE): elementary school or higher (HE)], were identified. In 1091 subjects, a number of characteristics such as (i) number of teeth, (ii) periodontal attachment levels (PAL), (iii) caries and (iv) occlusal function were recorded. Educational level, oral hygiene and dietary habits were self-reported. Non-parametric variables were analyzed by ,2, Mann,Whitney U,Wilcoxon's rank sum tests, and parametric variables by Student's t -test (level of significance 95%). A two-way anova was performed on decayed, missing and filled surfaces to investigate the interaction between age and educational level. All statistical procedures were performed in the SPSS© statistical package. Results: The number of remaining teeth was similar for LE and HE in the 35-year olds (25.8 versus 26.6), but in the older age groups LE had significantly a larger number of missing teeth. The LE groups (except in 65-year olds) exhibited significantly more PAL loss. LE had significantly fewer healthy gingival units in all but the 75-year age group. In all age groups, LE had fewer intact tooth surfaces and a significantly poorer occlusal function. The frequency of tooth cleaning measures and dietary habits did not differ between LE and HE. Conclusion: Educational level was shown to influence the oral conditions and should be considered in assessing risk, and in planning appropriate preventive measures. Zusammenfassung Ziel: Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Evaluation der Verbindung zwischen Bildungsniveau und Erkrankungen der Zähne, Behandlungsnotwendigkeit und oralen Hygienegewohnheiten. Material und Methoden: Randomisierte Gruppen von 35-, 50-, 65- und 75-Jährigen, die entsprechend ihres Bildungsniveau: niedriges Niveau (LE): Grundschule oder höheres Niveau (HE) klassifiziert wurden, wurden gebildet. Bei 1091 Personen wurden eine Anzahl von Charakteristika aufgezeichnet: (i) Anzahl der Zähne, (ii) parodontales Stützgewebeniveau (PAL), (iii) Karies, (iv) okklusale Funktion. Bildungsniveau, orale Hygiene und Eßgewohnheiten wurden selbst erfasst. Parameterfreie Variable wurden mit dem Chi-Quadrat test, dem Mann,Whitney U,Wilcoxon Rangsummentest und die parametergebundenen Variablen mit dem Student t -test (Signifikanz-Niveau 95 %) analysiert. Die Zwei-Wege ANOVA wurde auf dem DMF-s durchgeführt, um die Beziehung zwischen Alter und Bildungsniveau zu untersuchen. Alle statistischen Berechnungen wurden mit dem SPSS Statistik Programm vorgenommen. Ergebnisse: Die Anzahl der verbliebenen Zähne war zwischen LE und HE ähnlich bei den 35-Jährigen (25.8 vs. 26.6), aber in den älteren LE-Gruppen waren signifikant höhere Zahlen für fehlende Zähne. Die LE-Gruppen (ohne die 65-Jährigen) zeigten signifikant größeren PAL Verlust. LE hatten signifikant weniger gingivale Gesundheit bei den 75-Jährigen. In allen Altersgruppen hatten die LE weniger intakte Zahnoberflächen und signifikant geringere okklusale Funktion. Die Häufigkeit der Zahnreinigung und die Eßgewohnheiten unterschieden sich zwischen LE und HE nicht. Schlussfolgerung: Das Bildungsniveau hat einen Einfluss auf die oralen Bedingungen und sollte bei der Erfassung des Risikos und bei der Planung geeigneter Präventionsmaßnahmen beachtet werden. Résumé But: Le but de cette étude était d'évaluer l'association entre niveau d'éducation et maladie dentaire, besoins de traitement et habitudes d'hygiène orale. Matériel et méthodes: Des échantillons randomisés de sujets âgés de 35-, 50-, 65- et 75 ans, classés selon leur niveau d'éducation: [Bas (LE): école élémentaire, ou élevé (HE)] furent identifiés. Chez 1091 sujets, on a enregistré les caractéristiques suivantes: (i) nombre de dents, (ii) niveau d'attache parodontal (PAL), (iii) caries et (iv) fonction occlusale. Le niveau d'éducation, l'hygiène orale, et les habitudes alimentaires étaient rapportés par les patients eux-même. Les variables non paramétriques furent analysées par les tests chi carré, Mann,Whitney U,Wilcoxon rank sum, et les variables paramétriques par le test t de Student (niveau de signification 95%). 2-way ANOVA fut réalisé sur le DMFS pour rechercher l'interaction entre l'âge et le niveau d'éducation. Toutes les opérations statistiques furent menées par utilisation de SPSS©. Résultats: le nombre de dents restantesétait semblable pour LE et HE chez les sujets de 35 ans (25.8 vs. 26.6), mais dans les groupes plus âgés, LE présentait un nombre significativement plus important de dents absentes. Le groupe LE (sauf chez les patients de 65 ans) présentait plus de perte de PAL. LE présentait moins d'unités gingivales saines sauf dans le groupe de patients âgés de 75 ans. Dans tous les groupes d'âge, LE avait moins de surfaces dentaires intactes et une fonction occlusale significativement plus faible. La fréquence des mesures de nettoyage dentaire et les habitudes alimentaires n'étaient pas différentes entre les groupes LE et HE. Conclusion: Il est montré que le niveau d'éducation influence les conditions orales et cela doit être pris en considération lors de la mise en évidence du risque et dans la planification de mesures de prévention appropriées. [source]

Self-preventive oral behavior in an Italian university student population

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 3 2001
Lia Rimondini
Abstract Background, aim: The aim of this study was to assess the oral hygiene attitude and the professional preventive examination compliance in Italian university students. Method: A sample of 202 students attending the University of Bologna was randomly selected and interviewed about their preventive oral health attitude and compliance. All students reported using toothpaste and most of them (92.1%) brushed their teeth at least 2× a day using artificial, medium stiffness bristles. The toothbrush was generally (81.6%) replaced within 3 months. Few subjects (14.9%) said they used dental floss daily or utilized other devices. A majority of subjects (59.9%) had a dental examination within the year previous to the interview. Cluster analysis was performed. Results: 4 groups were identified with homogeneous oral hygiene behavior and compliance toward professional preventive examination. Only one cluster, representing 33.6% of the sample, showed consistent frequency and modalities of oral hygiene habits. The other clusters seemed to be defective with interproximal cleaning procedures and compliance toward professional preventive care. Since the sample was characterized by a young, urbanized, homogeneous group with a high educational level and frequently from an upper middle class social status, the analysis probably gives a supra-estimation of the positive behavior. Conclusion: It is rational to suppose that strategies to promote dental service utilization, patients' compliance and a professional style oriented toward prevention may be useful to improve the oral health condition in the young adult Italian population. Zusammenfassung Das Ziel dieser Studie war es bei Studenten einer italienischen Universität die Einstellung zur Mundhygiene und die Compliance mit einer professionellen Vorsorgeuntersuchung zu bestimmen. Eine Gruppe von 202 Studenten, die die Universität von Bologna besuchten wurden randomisiert ausgewählt und hinsichtlich ihrer Einstellung zur Mundhygiene und Compliance befragt. Alle Studenten berichteten, dass sie Zahnpasta gebrauchten und die meisten (92.1%) putzten ihre Zähne wenigstens 2× täglich und verwendeten eine Zahnbürste mit mittelharten Kunststoffborsten. Im Allgemeinen wurde die Zahnbürste innerhalb von 3 Monaten (81.6%) ersetzt. Wenige Personen berichteten, dass sie täglich Zahnseide benutzen oder andere Hilfsmittel verwenden. Die Mehrheit (59.9%) hatte innerhalb des zurückliegenden Jahres eine zahnärztliche Untersuchung. Es wurde eine Clusteranalyse durchgeführt. 4 Gruppen mit homogenem Mundhygieneverhalten und Compliance bezüglich professioneller präventiver Untersuchung wurden identifiziert. Nur ein Cluster, welches 33.6% der Gruppe repräsentiert zeigte eine Konsistenz in der Häufigkeit und Art der Mundhygienegewohnheiten. Die anderes Cluster schienen Defizite bei der Approximalraumreinigung und der Compliance mit professionellen Präventionsmaßnahmen zu haben. Da die Population charakterisiert war durch eine junge, städtische homogene Gruppe mit einem hohen Bildungsniveau und häufig den Sozialstatus der gehobenen Mittelklasse aufwies, gibt die Analyse wahrscheinlich eine Überbewer+tung des positiven Verhaltens wieder. Es ist vernünftig anzuhenmen, dass Strategien zur Förderung der zahnärztlichen Behandlung, der Patienten-Compliance und einer professionellen Ausrichtung hin zur Prävention nützlich sein können um in einer Population von jungen italienischen Erwachsenen den Zustand der Mundgesundheit zu verbessern. Résumé Le but de cette étude a été de vérifier l'attitude vis-à-vis de l'hygiène buccale et l'attitude vis-à-vis d'un examen préventif professionnel d'étudiants universitaires italiens. 202 étudiants de l'Université de Bologne ont été sélectionné au hasard et interviewéà propos de leur attitude préventive et leur complaisance vis-à-vis de leur santé buccale. Tous les étudiants disaient utiliser du dentifrice et la plupart d'entre eux (92%) brossaient leurs dents au moins 2× par jour avec une brosse à dents à poils artificiels de souplesse moyenne. La brosse à dents était géneralement (81.6%) remplacée tous les 3 mois. Peu d'entre eux (15%) disaient utiliser le fil dentaire tous les jours ou d'autres systèmes interdentaires. La plupart d'entre eux (60%) avaient passé une visite chez leur dentiste dans l'année précédent l'interview. L'analyse par groupe a été effectuée. 4 groupes ont été identifiés avec un comportement homogène vis-à-vis de l'hygiène buccale et une complaisance envers l'examen préventif professionnel. Seul un groupe représentant 34% de l'échantillon montrait une fréquence constante vis-à-vis de l'hygiène buccale. Les autres groupes semblaient porter moins d'attention au processus de nttoyage interdentaire et avoir une complaisance vis-à-vis des soins de prévention professionnels. Comme l'échantillon était caractérisé par un groupe homogène de jeunes des villes avec un niveau d'éducation élevé et provenant fréquemment d'une classe sociale assez élevée, l'analyse donne probablement une surestimation du comportement positif. Il semble logique de supposer que les stratégies visant à promouvoir l'utilisation des services dentaires, la complaisance des patients et un style professionnel orienté vers la prévention peuvent être utiles pour améliorer la condition de la santé buccale des jeunes adultes de la population italienne. [source]

Oral hygiene habits, denture cleanliness, presence of yeasts and stomatitis in elderly people

Assessment of Dental Caries Predictors in a Seven-year Longitudinal Study

JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH DENTISTRY, Issue 3 2006
Elaine Pereira da Silva Tagliaferro DDS
Abstract Objective: To identify, in a group of 6,8-year-old schoolchildren, risk factors for dental caries increment in permanent dentition. Methods: Two hundred and six children from three different schools in Piracicaba, Brazil, were examined at baseline and after 7 years by the same two calibrated dentists. Data on dental caries (dmfs, DMFS, presence of initial lesions), fluorosis, oral hygiene and presence of sealant were collected at the clinical examination that was performed in an outdoor setting, under natural light, using a dental mirror and probe following the WHO recommendations. Information on socioeconomic level, fluoride usage, dental service utilization, dietary and oral hygiene habits was also obtained at baseline in a semi-structured questionnaire sent to the parents. The dependent variable was the 7-year DMFS increment. A univariate analysis was performed to test the association of independent variables in caries increment. Then a logistic regression model was used to estimate the adjusted Odds Ratio for caries increment. Results: Clinical (dmfs, DMFS) and non-clinical variables (daily toothbrushing, use of preventive topical methods, parents' educational level) were entered in the multiple logistic regression analysis. The prediction model included the clinical and socioeconomic variables, DMFS, dmfs and mother's educational level. The best caries predictor was the dmfs variable. Conclusion: Caries experience and mother's educational level were predictors of caries increment in permanent dentition. [source]

Do life- or school-satisfaction and self-esteem indicators explain the oral hygiene habits of schoolchildren?

COMMUNITY DENTISTRY AND ORAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, Issue 5 2007
S. Honkala
Abstract,,, Objectives:, The aim of this study was to ascertain how frequently toothbrushing and flossing are practiced among schoolchildren in Kuwait and whether life- and school-satisfaction and self-esteem indicators are associated with oral hygiene habits. Methods:, A sample of 2312 schoolchildren between 11 and 13 years old filled out a structured questionnaire anonymously in school classrooms during 2002 and 2003. For this study, nationally representative samples of children were drawn from all six governorates of Kuwait. Only government schools were included. The questionnaire of the Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children Study was used in this study after it was modified to suit Kuwait. A chi-squared test and logistic regression model were used for analyzing the data. Results:, Over half of the pupils reported brushing their teeth more than once a day; girls reported brushing more frequently than boys did. One-fifth of the pupils did not brush their teeth even on a daily basis. The life- and school-satisfaction and self-esteem indicators were associated with more-than-once-a-day toothbrushing frequency. The strongest predictors for recommended brushing were: feeling very happy (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.38,2.77), feeling that other pupils always accept him/her (1.5; 1.16,2.02), never/sometimes feeling lonely and feeling that it is very easy to make friends (1.4; 1.06,1.94). The summary variables of life-satisfaction, school-satisfaction and self-esteem seemed to be strongly associated with brushing. Dental floss was never used by 45% of the children, weekly by 18% and daily by 17%; 20% did not even know what dental floss was. Conclusions:, Among intermediate schoolchildren in Kuwait, oral hygiene practices were far behind the international recommendations. Special emphasis should be placed on children who have personal problems with their life, school and self-esteem. [source]

Assessing risk indicators for dental caries in the primary dentition

COMMUNITY DENTISTRY AND ORAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, Issue 6 2001
Jackie Vanobbergen
Abstract , The aim of the present study was to assess indicators shown to be associated with the prevalence of caries in the primary dentition of 7-year-old Flemish schoolchildren. Cross-sectional first year data of the longitudinal Signal-Tandmobiel® survey were analysed (n=4468). Gender, age, oral hygiene habits, use of fluorides, dietary habits, geographical factors and parental modelling were the considered predictors. From the multiple logistic regression analysis, including schools as a random effect, and after adjusting for the confounding variables,educational system and province (stratification variables), gender and age,it became clear that the following risk indicators remained significant (at 5% level) for the presence of caries: frequency of toothbrushing (P=0.05) with an OR 1.24 for brushing less than once a day, age at start of brushing (P<0.001) with an OR=1.22 for a delay of 1 year, regular use of fluoride supplements (P<0.001) with an OR=1.54 for no use, daily use of sugar-containing drinks between meals (P<0.001) with an OR=1.38, and number of between-meals snacks (P=0.012) with an OR=1.22 for using more than 2 between-meal snacks. There was a significant difference (P<0.05) in caries experience determined by the geographical spread, with an explicit trend of caries declining from the east to the west. In a model with an ordinal response outcome, the daily use of sugar-containing drinks between meals had a more pronounced effect when caries levels were high. From this study it became obvious that, in Flemish children, an early start of brushing and a brushing frequency of at least once a day need to be encouraged, while the use of sugar-containing drinks and snacks between meals needs to be restricted to a maximum of 2 per day. Geographical differences need to be investigated in more detail. [source]