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Operation Iraqi Freedom (operation + iraqi_freedom)
Selected AbstractsContribution of Dermatologic Surgery in WarDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 1 2010MAJOR J. SCOTT HENNING DO BACKGROUND Despite the large contribution by dermatology to military readiness, there have been no published reports regarding dermatologic surgery or skin cancer in the combat environment. OBJECTIVE To outline the contribution of dermatologic surgery, including skin cancer and benign tumors, to deployed service men and women in Operation Iraqi Freedom. METHODS A retrospective chart review was performed of all dermatology visits at the 86th Combat Support Hospital, Ibn Sina, Iraq, between January 15, 2008 and July 15, 2008. RESULTS Two thousand six hundred ninety-six patients were seen in the combat dermatology clinic during the 6-month period reviewed; 8% (205/2,696) of the total visits were for skin cancer, and another 129 patients were treated for actinic keratosis. The specific diagnoses were basal cell carcinoma (n=70), in situ and invasive squamous cell carcinoma (n=68), mycosis fungoides (n=1), bowenoid papulosis (n=1), and in situ and invasive melanoma (n=9). Benign lesions and tumors accounted for 14% (357/2,696) of total patient visits. Three hundred seven surgeries were performed during the 6-month period (178 skin cancers and 129 benign lesions), and 20 patients were referred for Mohs micrographic surgery. The surgical complications included five postoperative wound infections (1 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), one wound dehiscence, and seven allergic contact dermatitis. CONCLUSIONS To the authors' knowledge, this is the first publication regarding skin cancer and dermatologic surgery in the combat setting. This report outlines the important contribution of dermatologic surgery in the combat environment. The authors have indicated no significant interest with commercial supporters. [source] Public Opinion as a Constraint against War: Democracies' Responses to Operation Iraqi FreedomFOREIGN POLICY ANALYSIS, Issue 2 2006STEVE CHAN A central logic of the democratic peace theory claims that public opinion acts as a powerful restraint against war. Democratic officials, unlike their autocratic counterparts, are wary of going to war because they expect to pay an electoral penalty for fighting even successful wars. Several democracies, however, recently joined Operation Iraqi Freedom despite substantial and even overwhelming domestic opposition. We argue that electoral institutions can heighten or lessen the impact of public opinion on democratic officials' concerns for their reelection prospects, thus pointing to an important dimension of variation that has been overlooked in the democratic peace literature. However, contrary to conventional attributions of a greater incentive motivating the parties and candidates in predominantly two-party systems with majority/plurality decision rules to respond to national public opinion, we suggest mitigating factors that tend to reduce such responsiveness. Conversely, we point out that multiparty competition in proportional representation systems can reduce electoral disproportionality without sacrificing responsiveness to public opinion. The pertinent electoral institutions therefore present varying opportunities (or, conversely, constraints) for democratic officials to override their constituents' sentiments when they are so inclined. [source] The impact of reported direct and indirect killing on mental health symptoms in Iraq war veterans,JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS, Issue 1 2010Shira Maguen This study examined the mental health impact of reported direct and indirect killing among 2,797 U.S. soldiers returning from Operation Iraqi Freedom. Data were collected as part of a postdeployment screening program at a large Army medical facility. Overall, 40% of soldiers reported killing or being responsible for killing during their deployment. Even after controlling for combat exposure, killing was a significant predictor of posttraumatic disorder (PTSD) symptoms, alcohol abuse, anger, and relationship problems. Military personnel returning from modern deployments are at risk of adverse mental health conditions and related psychosocial functioning related to killing in war. Mental health assessment and treatment should address reactions to killing to optimize readjustment following deployment. [source] Traumatic brain injury in the United States: an epidemiologic overviewMOUNT SINAI JOURNAL OF MEDICINE: A JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE, Issue 2 2009Carl R. Summers PhD Abstract A basic description of severity and frequency is needed for planning healthcare delivery for any disease process. In the case of traumatic brain injury, severity is typically categorized into mild, moderate, and severe with information from a combination of clinical observation and self-report methodologies. Recent US civilian epidemiological findings measuring the frequency of mortality and morbidity of traumatic brain injury are presented, including demographic and etiological breakdowns of the data. Falls, motor vehicle accidents, and being struck by objects are the major etiologies of traumatic brain injury. US civilian and Army hospitalization trends are discussed and compared. Features of traumatic brain injuries from Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom are discussed. Mt Sinai J Med 76:105,110, 2009. © 2009 Mount Sinai School of Medicine [source] | ||||||||||