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Ocular Injuries (ocular + injury)
Selected AbstractsOcular injuries caused by fireworksACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 1 200025 years of experience with preventive campaigns in Denmark [source] Sulfur mustard induced cytokine production and cell death: Investigating the potential roles of the p38, p53, and NF-,B signaling pathways with RNA interference,JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY, Issue 3 2010Albert L. Ruff Abstract Cutaneous and ocular injuries caused by sulfur mustard (SM; bis-(2-chloroethyl) sulfide) are characterized by severe inflammation and death of exposed cells. Given the known roles of p38MAPK and NF-,B in inflammatory cytokine production, and the known roles of NF-,B and p53 in cell fate, these pathways are of particular interest in the study of SM injury. In this study, we utilized inhibitory RNA (RNAi) targeted against p38,, the p50 subunit of NF-,B, or p53 to characterize their role in SM-induced inflammation and cell death in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK). Analysis of culture supernatant from 200 ,M SM-exposed cells showed that inflammatory cytokine production was inhibited by p38, RNAi but not by NF-,B p50 RNAi. These findings further support a critical role for p38 in SM-induced inflammatory cytokine production in NHEK and suggest that NF-,B may not play a role in the SM-induced inflammatory response of this cell type. Inhibition of NF-,B by p50 RNAi did, however, partially inhibit SM-induced cell death, suggesting a role for NF-,B in SM-induced apoptosis or necrosis. Interestingly, inhibition of p53 by RNAi potentiated SM-induced cell death, suggesting that the role of p53 in SM injury, may be complex and not simply prodeath. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 24:155,164, 2010; Published online inWiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jbt.20321 [source] Effectiveness of canalicular laceration repair using monocanalicular intubation with Monoka tubesACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 7 2009Hwa Lee Abstract. Purpose:, This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of canalicular laceration repair using monocanalicular intubation with Monoka tubes. Methods:, A total of 36 single lacerated canaliculi were repaired using monocanalicular intubation with Monoka tubes, without mucosal anastomosis of the canaliculi, and were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic information, injury locations, associated ocular injuries, complications and outcomes were analysed. Results:, Mean patient age was 34 years (range 1,64 years). Tubes were removed at a mean of 4.2 months (range 3,6 months). There were 26 lower canalicular lacerations (72%) and 10 upper canalicular lacerations (28%). Overall, 34 of 36 cases (92%) showed improvement in symptoms and exhibited positivity on the dye disappearance test at 4,12 months after the procedure (mean 7.8 months). In total, 21 patients (58%) achieved complete success, 13 patients (36%) achieved partial success and two patients (6%) suffered surgical failure. Complications were seen in five cases and included two early tube protrusions, two punctal slits and one punctal granuloma. Conclusions:, Monocanalicular intubation with Monoka tubes leads to successful outcomes without significant complications and offers an alternative to bicanalicular intubation in the treatment of monocanalicular lacerations. [source] 33 cases of airsoft gun pellet ocular injuries in Copenhagen, Denmark, 1998,2002ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 6 2006Jon Peiter Saunte Abstract. Purpose:, To evaluate the incidence and ocular effects of blunt trauma due to injury from airsoft gun pellets. Methods:, We conducted a non-comparative case series based on the files of 33 patients who suffered ocular injury from airsoft guns and were admitted to one university emergency eye clinic in Copenhagen during a 5-year period. Results:, A total of 33 eyes in 33 patients were examined. Thirty male and three female patients were affected. Mean age was 13 years (range 3,49 years). Mean follow-up time was 6.5 days (range 1,540 days). On initial examination, we found: hyphaema (n = 28), corneal abrasion (n = 22), retinal oedema (n = 11), subconjunctival haemorrhage (n = 10), palpebral haemorrhage and/or oedema (n = 9), iris dialysis (n = 7), intraocular pressure (IOP) >,31 mmHg (n = 4), IOP <,9 mmHg (n = 4), vitreous haemorrhage (n = 2) and cataract (n = 1). One patient had brown corneal discoloration due to severe chronic hyphaema that required surgery. The final visual acuity was 1.0 in 20 patients and ,,0.7 in five patients. Conclusion:, The airsoft gun trauma resulted in anterior and posterior segment ocular injuries that required acute medical intervention and for which some patients were hospitalized. Trauma mainly occurred in children and youths. A longterm risk of glaucoma is expected. Eye care professionals and parents as well as manufacturers of airsoft guns should advise participants to wear adequate protection when involved in this activity. [source] Penetrating ocular injuries in children: visual outcome and prognostic factorsACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2 2006Francis Beby No abstract is available for this article. [source] Assessment of Intraoperative Safety in Transoral Robotic Surgery,THE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 2 2006Neil G. Hockstein MD Abstract Introduction: Robotic technology has been safely integrated into thoracic and abdominopelvic surgery, and the early experience has been very promising with very rare complications related to robotic device failure. Recently, several reports have documented the technical feasibility of transoral robotic surgery (TORS) with the daVinci Surgical System. Proposed pharyngeal and laryngeal applications include radical tonsillectomy, base-of-tongue resection, supraglottic laryngectomy, and phonomicrosurgery. The safety of transoral placement of the robotic endoscope and instruments has not been established. Potential risks specific to the transoral use of the surgical robot include facial skin laceration, tooth injury, mucosal laceration, mandible fracture, cervical spine fracture, and ocular injury. We hypothesize that these particular risks of transoral surgery are similar with robotic assistance compared with conventional transoral surgery. Methods: To test this hypothesis, we attempted to intentionally injure a human cadaver with the daVinci Surgical System by impaling the facial skin and pharyngeal and laryngeal mucosa with the robotic instruments and endoscope. We also attempted to extract or fracture teeth and fracture the cadaver's mandible and cervical spine by applying maximal pressure and torque with the robotic arms. Experiments were documented with still and video photography. Results: Impaling the cadaver's skin and mucosa resulted in only superficial lacerations. Tooth, mandible, and cervical spine fracture could not be achieved. Conclusions: Initial experiments performing TORS on a human cadaver with the daVinci Surgical System demonstrate a safety profile similar to conventional transoral surgery. Additionally, we discuss several strategies to increase patient safety in TORS. [source] 33 cases of airsoft gun pellet ocular injuries in Copenhagen, Denmark, 1998,2002ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 6 2006Jon Peiter Saunte Abstract. Purpose:, To evaluate the incidence and ocular effects of blunt trauma due to injury from airsoft gun pellets. Methods:, We conducted a non-comparative case series based on the files of 33 patients who suffered ocular injury from airsoft guns and were admitted to one university emergency eye clinic in Copenhagen during a 5-year period. Results:, A total of 33 eyes in 33 patients were examined. Thirty male and three female patients were affected. Mean age was 13 years (range 3,49 years). Mean follow-up time was 6.5 days (range 1,540 days). On initial examination, we found: hyphaema (n = 28), corneal abrasion (n = 22), retinal oedema (n = 11), subconjunctival haemorrhage (n = 10), palpebral haemorrhage and/or oedema (n = 9), iris dialysis (n = 7), intraocular pressure (IOP) >,31 mmHg (n = 4), IOP <,9 mmHg (n = 4), vitreous haemorrhage (n = 2) and cataract (n = 1). One patient had brown corneal discoloration due to severe chronic hyphaema that required surgery. The final visual acuity was 1.0 in 20 patients and ,,0.7 in five patients. Conclusion:, The airsoft gun trauma resulted in anterior and posterior segment ocular injuries that required acute medical intervention and for which some patients were hospitalized. Trauma mainly occurred in children and youths. A longterm risk of glaucoma is expected. Eye care professionals and parents as well as manufacturers of airsoft guns should advise participants to wear adequate protection when involved in this activity. [source] A study of the indications and changing trends of evisceration in north IndiaCLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY, Issue 2 2002Tanuj Dada MD Abstract Aim: To study the demographic pattern and indications for evisceration in north India and to evaluate the changing trends over the last decade. Methods: In a retrospective hospital-based study, case records of all patients who underwent evisceration at Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences from January 1990 to December 1999 were reviewed. The parameters evaluated were the age and sex distribution, the place of residence (urban/rural) and the indications for evisceration. The aetiology responsible for evisceration was determined on the basis of history, clinical examination and investigations as determined from previous records. Results: One hundred and sixty-four patients had one eye eviscerated during the study period. The mean age of the patients was 51 ± 13.84 years (range 6 months to 90 years). Panophthalmitis was the most common indication for evisceration (78.6%, n = 129), followed by irreparable globe injury (21.3%, n = 35). There was a significant decrease in the eviscerations performed due to pano-phthalmitis from 104 cases during the period 1990,1994, to 25 cases in the period 1995,1999. Conclusion: Panophthalmitis and severe ocular injury are the major indications of evisceration in north India. There has been a significant decrease in the number of eviscerations related to panophthalmitis over the last decade. [source] | ||||||||||