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Obtaining Information (obtaining + information)
Selected AbstractsThe role of visual imagery in the enhanced cognitive interview: guided questioning techniques and individual differences,,JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE PSYCHOLOGY AND OFFENDER PROFILING, Issue 1 2004Michael R. Davis Abstract The cognitive interview utilises mnemonics and other techniques to facilitate obtaining information from victims and witnesses. Research has indicated superior recall to standard police interviews. However, there has been minimal research regarding the role of individual differences. One area that has generated spirited theoretical debate is imagery ability, as guided imagery questioning is an important part of the enhanced cognitive interview. Imagery is also arguably an integral part of several mnemonics employed in the technique. The present study investigated the role of individual differences in imagery ability, as well as the effect of explicit instructions to image, on recall performance. Participants completed the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (VVIQ), witnessed a film of a simulated crime, and were interviewed using the cognitive interview or a structured interview. While recall in the cognitive interview was superior, VVIQ scores had little relationship with recall of information. Further, recall elicited by guided imagery differed only minimally from that obtained using standard questioning in the structured interview. These results suggested that the relaxation and rapport building common to questioning in both interview conditions may evoke spontaneous imagery that is comparable to explicit instructions to image, regardless of individuals' inherent imagery ability. Future directions are discussed, including research focused on individual differences and a practical emphasis on context reinstatement and social facilitative techniques. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Patients' dependence on a nurse for the administration of their intravenous anti-TNF therapy: A phenomenographic studyMUSCULOSKELETAL CARE, Issue 2 2009Ingrid Larsson RN Abstract Background:,Pain, stiffness and functional restriction of the joints are the main problems for many patients with inflammatory rheumatic conditions. When conventional drugs fail to delay the development of the disease, the patient may require biological treatment such as anti-TNF therapy. Some biological drugs are administered in the form of intravenous infusions and thus the patient is obliged to attend a clinic in order to receive his/her medication, which can affect everyday life as well as independence. It is therefore important to focus on the patient perspective. Aim:,The aim of this study was to describe variations in how patients with rheumatic conditions conceive their dependence on a nurse for the administration of their intravenous anti-TNF therapy. Method:,The study had a descriptive qualitative design with a phenomenographic approach. Interviews were conducted with 20 patients. Result:,Three descriptive categories and seven sub-categories emerged: Dependence that affords security (encountering continuity, encountering competence and obtaining information); Dependence that creates involvement (being allowed influence and being given freedom); Dependence that invigorates (obtaining relaxation and encountering the environment). Conclusion:,The patients had not reflected on the fact that they were dependent on a nurse for the administration of their intravenous anti-TNF therapy, which may be due to their possibility to influence the treatment. The patients' needs should constitute the basis for the nurse's role in the provision of care. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Challenges and Strategies Related to Hearing Loss Among Dairy FarmersTHE JOURNAL OF RURAL HEALTH, Issue 4 2005Louise Hass-Slavin MSc ABSTRACT: Context: Farming is often imagined to be a serene and idyllic business based on historical images of a man, a horse, and a plow. However, machinery and equipment on farms, such as older tractors, grain dryers, and vacuum pumps, can have noise levels, which may be dangerous to hearing with prolonged, unprotected exposure. Purpose: This qualitative study in Ontario, Canada, explored the challenges and coping strategies experienced by dairy farmers with self-reported hearing loss and communication difficulties. Through in-depth interviews, 13 farmers who experience significant hearing loss were questioned about the challenges they face as a result of hearing loss and the strategies they use to overcome or compensate for problems. Findings: The 2 major challenges encountered by dairy farmers with a hearing loss were: (1) obtaining information from individuals, within groups, and through electronic media; and (2) working with animals, machinery, and noise. To cope with these challenges, participants used strategies identified as problem and emotion focused. Conclusions: Four themes arose from analysis of the challenges encountered and strategies used: 1Hearing loss is experienced as a "familiar," but "private," problem for dairy farmers. 2Communication difficulties can negatively affect the quality of relationships on the farm. 3Safety and risk management are issues when farming with a hearing loss. 4The management or control of excessive noise is a complex problem, because there are no completely reliable yet practical solutions. [source] Australian baby boomers' expectations and plans for their old ageAUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL ON AGEING, Issue 1 2006Susan Quine The ageing of Australia's 5.5 million baby boomers (born 1946,1965) will significantly change Australian society, yet it is unclear what is known about the expectations and plans of this cohort for their retirement and old age. This paper provides a first step by reviewing the Australian literature, focusing on the areas of health, housing, work and income, and responsibility. Information from the peer-reviewed literature and the Internet published during 1996,2005 was reviewed. One hundred ninety-five Australian references were retrieved, of which only 94 were relevant. The review identified that, despite agreement about the significance of baby boomer's ageing, empirical work directly addressing the research topics was rare. In particular, there was little coverage of baby boomers' ascription of responsibility for their welfare in older age. If policies are to be effective, empirical research obtaining information directly from baby boomers is required to fill the gaps identified through this review. [source] | ||||||||||