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Oleic Acid Content (oleic + acid_content)
Selected AbstractsCHARACTERIZING QUALITY OF RENDERED DUCK FAT COMPARED TO OTHER FATS AND OILSJOURNAL OF FOOD QUALITY, Issue 2 2007YUANSHENG GONG ABSTRACT The characteristics of rendered duck fat (RDF) were compared to commercial sources of soybean oil, lard, tallow, butter and olive oil. RDF was highly susceptible to lipid oxidation during storage compared to the other fats and oils. However, 0.005% tert-butyl hydroquinone delayed the onset of lipid oxidation to an extent that was comparable to the lag phase observed in the commercial fats and oils. Positive attributes of RDF included a relatively high oleic acid content and low saturated fat content. Undesirable attributes of RDF included a lack of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and intermediate levels of trans fatty acids (TFA) compared to the other lipid sources. Decreasing the time and temperature of rendering decreased the TFA content in RDF. Around one-half of the TFA content in RDF was vaccenic acid which is converted to CLA after ingestion. [source] Properties of High-Oleic Palm Oils Derived by Fractional CrystallizationJOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE, Issue 3 2008M.R. Ramli ABSTRACT:, High-oleic palm oil (HOPO) with an oleic acid content of 59.0% and an iodine value (IV) of 78.2 was crystallized in a 200-kg De Smet crystallizer with a predetermined cooling program and appropriate agitation. The slurry was then fractionated by means of dry fractionation at 4, 8, 10, 12, and 15 °C. The oil and the fractionated products were subjected to physical and chemical analyses, including fatty acid composition, triacylglycerol and diacylglycerol composition, solid fat content, cloud point, slip melting point, and cold stability test. Fractionation at 15 °C resulted in the highest olein yield but with minimal oleic acid content. Due to the enhanced unsaturation of the oil, fractionation at relatively lower crystallization temperature showed a considerable effect on fatty acid composition as well as triacylglycerol and diacylglycerol composition of liquid fractions compared to higher crystallization temperature. The olein and stearin fractionated at 4 °C had the best cold stability at 0 °C and sharper melting profile, respectively. [source] Diplochory in two Jatropha (Euphorbiaceae) species of the Monte Desert of ArgentinaAUSTRAL ECOLOGY, Issue 2 2010ADRIANA A. RICKERT Abstract The potential explosive seed dispersal under controlled conditions and the dispersal by ants in natural populations are compared between two diplochoric species: Jatropha hieronymi Kuntze and J. excisa Griseb. The seeds of J. hieronymi are more than eightfold heavier than J. excisa seeds, and were explosively dispersed considerably further distances, reaching a maximum of almost 18 m. The differences in explosive dispersal distances between the two species seem to depend on both carpel wall thickness of the fruit and aerodynamic shape of the seed. Seed removal by ants was positively correlated with the presence of the elaiosome and was higher for J. excisa (83.6%) than for J. hieronymi (31.6%). Seed size was the major factor affecting the removal by ants, as only large bodied ants were able to transport the large seeds of J. hieronymi. The larger size and the higher oleic acid content of the elaiosomes of J. hieronymi seeds had no influence on the observed removal rates by ants. In contrast, ants transported the J. hieronymi seeds further distances than J. excisa seeds. Jatropha hieronymi distances achieved by both dispersal modes are in the range of the furthest distances described for a diplochorous species. Finally, the possible advantages of this dispersal mode in arid zones are discussed. [source] Stability and Adaptability of Cultivars in Non-balanced Yield Trials.JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY AND CROP SCIENCE, Issue 4 2002Comparison of Methods for Selecting, High Oleic' Sunflower hybrids for Grain Yield, Quality Abstract The best-yielding and most stable cultivars are identified by growing cultivars in different environments. The stability of grain-quality traits has been less thoroughly investigated than the stability of grain yield. High-oleic hybrids of sunflower have been available on the Argentinian seed market for several years. Research on the stability of these genotypes is scarce. The objectives of this work were (i) to compare, using three different methods, the stability and adaptability of high-oleic hybrids for grain yield and oil and oleic acid contents, and (ii) to explore the advantages and disadvantages of each method in selecting stable or adapted genotypes with high grain yield and high quality. Stability and adaptability analyses were performed on results for grain yields and oil and oleic acid contents of 35 high-oleic sunflower hybrids from 17 comparative yield trials conducted over 2 years in Argentina. Stability was estimated using two methods: Fisher's protected least significant difference (LSD) test, which compared hybrids with the best-yielding hybrid in each environment, and the test of relative yield (RY), which uses standard deviation as the measure of stability. Adaptability was estimated using Piepho's method of ,multiple comparisons with the best'. These three methods can be applied to unbalanced data. Piepho's method made little discrimination amongst the hybrids. The LSD and RY tests coincided in classifying the hybrids as stable and unstable in 85 % of cases for grain yield and 76 % for oil content. It is concluded that the most convenient method depends on characteristics of the experimental design and of variability of the evaluated trait. Results from the LSD test depend on the number of environments in which the cultivar is tested. The RY method is valuable for classifying some cultivars as high-yielding and stable, avoiding the problem of high-yielding environments biasing the general average. Use of both methods together could be effective for classifying hybrids when the number of environments is adequate. Zusammenfassung Stabilität und Adaptabilität von Kultivaren in nicht balancierten Ertragsversuchen. Methodenvergleich für Kornertrag und Qualität in ölsäurereichen-Sonnenblumen Höchste Erträge und Stabilität von Kultivaren werden durch Teste in verschiedenen Umwelten ermittelt. Stabilität der Qualitätseigenschaften des Korns sind bisher weniger untersucht worden als Stabilität des Kornertrages. Ölsäurereiche Hybriden von Sonnenblumen sind auf dem argentinischen Saatgutmarkt während der letzten Jahre angeboten worden. Untersuchungen zur Stabilität dieser Genotypen sind selten. Ziele dieser Arbeit waren es (i) drei unterschiedliche Methoden im Hinblick auf ihre Eignung für die Messung von Stabilität und Adaptabilität von ölsäurereichen Hybriden hinsichtlich Kornertrag, Öl- sowie Ölsäuregehalte zu vergleichen, und (ii) die Vorteile und Nachteile dieser Methoden zu analysieren, die eine Selektion stabiler und angepasster Genotypen mit hohem Kornertrag und hoher Qualität erlauben. Eine Analyse für Stabilität und Adaptabilität wurden aufgrund der Ergebnisse für Kornertrag, Öl- sowie Ölsäuregehalte von 35 Sonnenblumen, als Hybriden mit hohem Ölgehalt, auf der Grundlage von 17 vergleichenden Ertragsversuchen, die während zwei Jahren in Argentinien durchgeführt wurden, vorgenommen. Die Stabilität wurde unter Verwendung von zwei Methoden bestimmt: Der ,protected-LSD-Test' von Fisher, mit dem die Hybriden mit ertragshöchsten in jeder Umwelt verglichen werden; ferner der Test mit einem Vergleich des relativen Ertrags (RY), bei dem die Standardabweichung als Maß für die Stabilität verwendet wird; schließlich wurde die Adatabilität mit Piephos Methode eines multiplen Vergleichs mit der Besten durchgeführt. Die drei Methoden können nicht bancierten Daten angewendet werden. Piephos Methode ergab eine geringe Diskrimination für die Hybriden. LSD und RY stimmten bei einer Klassifizierung der Hybriden als stabile und nicht stabile in 85 % der Fälle hinsichtlich Kornertrag und 76 % für Ölgehalt überein. Es wird angenommen, dass geeignetere Methoden von den Eigenschaften der Experimentstruktur und der Variabilität der bewerteten Eigenschaften abhängen. Die Ergebnisse des LSD-Tests sind von der Anzahl der Umwelten abhängig, in denen die Kultivare getestet wurden. Die RY-Methode ist wertvoll, um einige Kultivare als hochertragreich und stabil zu klassifizieren, wobei der Einfluss hochertragreicher Umwelten zum Gesamtmittelwirt vermieden wird. Eine gemeinsame Anwendung der beiden Methoden könnte nützlich sein, um Hybriden zu klassifizieren, wenn eine geeignete Anzahl von Umwelten gegeben ist. [source] | ||||||||||