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Oil Compounds (oil + compound)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Life Sciences40%

Selected Abstracts

Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of an essential oil compound (thymol) after oral administration

FOCUS ON ALTERNATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY THERAPIES AN EVIDENCE-BASED APPROACH, Issue 1 2001
G Schindler
[source]

Modulation of multi-drug resistance (MDR) in Staphylococcus aureus by Osha (Ligusticum porteri L., Apiaceae) essential oil compounds

FLAVOUR AND FRAGRANCE JOURNAL, Issue 6 2005
Pascale Cégiéla-Carlioz
Abstract In a continuing project to characterize natural compounds with activity as modulators of MDR in Staphyloccocus aureus, Osha essential oil and extracts were evaluated. The aim of this work was to identify the active components as MDR modulators in the oil from the roots of Ligusticum porteri Coulter & Rose (Apiaceae). This essential oil was obtained by steam distillation or by solvent extraction and analysed by gas chromatography,mass spectrometry. Forty-two components were identified. Sabinyl acetate (1) (56.6%), (Z)-ligustilide (2) (12.9%) and sabinol (3) (3.3%) were the major components of water-distilled essential oil, while (Z)-ligustilide (2) (39.1%), sabinyl acetate (1) (34.6%) and 4-terpinyl acetate (4) (3.1%) were the major components of the dichloromethane extract. At a concentration of 100 µg/ml, the oil from hydrodistillation caused a two-fold potentiation, and the oil from solvent extraction caused a four-fold potentiation of the activity of the fluoroquinolone antibiotic norfloxacin against a norfloxacin-resistant strain possessing the NorA MDR efflux transporter, the major chromosomal drug pump in this pathogen. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Essential oil compounds in a historical sample of marjoram (Origanum majorana L., Lamiaceae)

FLAVOUR AND FRAGRANCE JOURNAL, Issue 3 2002
Johannes Novak
Abstract A historical sample of marjoram (Origanum majorana L., Lamiaceae), more than 60 years old, was analysed and its composition compared to standard material from the European herb market. By using a solvent extract of the historical sample, the rearrangements and artefact formation usually occurring during the distillation of marjoram were avoided. The extract contained high amounts of terpinen-4-ol, thus resembling the distilled essential oil more than the solvent extract of the standard sample. So artefact formation in marjoram can also happen in planta in herbs stored for a long time under suboptimal conditions. The high content of carvacrol, normally never present in standard material from cultivation, gave an indication of the heterogeneity of marjoram in former times, and confirmed the opinion that (cultivated) marjoram is a chemovariety selected a long time ago. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Phytochemicals in olive-leaf extracts and their antiproliferative activity against cancer and endothelial cells

MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH (FORMERLY NAHRUNG/FOOD), Issue 5 2009
Vlassios Goulas
Abstract Olive oil compounds is a dynamic research area because Mediterranean diet has been shown to protect against cardiovascular disease and cancer. Olive leaves, an easily available natural material of low cost, share possibly a similar wealth of health benefiting bioactive phytochemicals. In this work, we investigated the antioxidant potency and antiproliferative activity against cancer and endothelial cells of water and methanol olive leaves extracts and analyzed their content in phytochemicals using LC-MS and LC-UV-SPE-NMR hyphenated techniques. Olive-leaf crude extracts were found to inhibit cell proliferation of human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), human urinary bladder carcinoma (T-24) and bovine brain capillary endothelial (BBCE). The dominant compound of the extracts was oleuropein; phenols and flavonoids were also identified. These phytochemicals demonstrated strong antioxidant potency and inhibited cancer and endothelial cell proliferation at low micromolar concentrations, which is significant considering their high abundance in fruits and vegetables. The antiproliferative activity of crude extracts and phytochemicals against the cell lines used in this study is demonstrated for the first time. [source]

Diversity of essential oil glands of clary sage (Salvia sclarea L., Lamiaceae)

PLANT BIOLOGY, Issue 4 2008
C. Schmiderer
Abstract The Lamiaceae is rich in aromatic plant species. Most of these species produce and store essential oils in specialised epidermal oil glands, which are responsible for their specific flavour. Two types of glands producing essential oil and possessing different morphological structure can be found in Salvia sclarea: peltate and capitate glands. The content of single oil glands from different positions on the plant (corolla, calyx and leaf) were sampled using an SPME fibre and analysed by gas chromatography in order to study variability of the essential oil composition. It was found that the composition of terpenoids is quite variable within an individual plant. Capitate oil glands mainly produce three essential oil compounds: the monoterpenes linalool and linalyl acetate, and the diterpene sclareol. Peltate oil glands, however, accumulate noticeable concentrations of sesquiterpenes and an unknown compound (m/z = 354). Furthermore, the oil composition varies within each gland type according to the plant organ. Linalool and linalyl acetate are characteristic substances of flowers, whereas the sesquiterpenes occur in higher proportions in leaves. Even within one gland type on a single leaf, the chemical variability is exceedingly high. [source]