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Nutrient Supplements (nutrient + supplement)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	50%
Chemistry	33%

Selected Abstracts

Bacteriocin production of probiotic Lactobacillus gasseri LA39 isolated from human feces in milk-based media

ANIMAL SCIENCE JOURNAL, Issue 5 2008
Kensuke ARAKAWA
ABSTRACT The use of bacteriocins from Lactobacillus gasseri, a probiotic lactic acid bacterium, as bio-preservatives in the food industry and animal formulations has been limited because few strains of Lb. gasseri are cultivated and produce a bacteriocin in natural media such as milk and milk-based media. By the determination of the growth-supplements to milk among the 47 nutrients, Lb. gasseri JCM1131T, LA39 and LA158 isolated from human feces were successfully cultured in reconstituted skim milk and cheese whey using proteose peptone as a nutrient supplement, where Lb. gasseri LA39 produced a useful bacteriocin, gassericin A, with effective growth-inhibiting activity against Gram-positive food-borne pathogens. The data suggest these developed low-cost safe media supporting enough production of bacteriocins by the probiotic Lb. gasseri LA39 could be used to improve the safe bio-preservation of foods and therapy of bovine mastitis, and extra cheese whey produced by cheese making industry is reused in the cultivation for probiotics effectively. [source]

Theory of Microbial Carbonate Precipitation and Its Application in Restoration of Cement-based Materials Defects

CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, Issue 5 2010
Chunxiang Qian
Abstract Bacterial induced carbonate mineralization has been demonstrated as a new potential method for restoration of limestones in historic buildings and monuments. We claim here the formation of calcium carbonate was controlled by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) isolated from Bacillus pasteurii. The process of crystallization nucleation was accelerated in the presence of cells and inhibited in the presence of EPS. The CaCO3 film deposited on cement paste surface was about 100 µm after 7 d treatment. The results of various restoring methods showed that higher decrease of water absorption of cement paste was gained in brushing application in the presence of agar, which could maintain urease with high activity in long term compared to spraying method. The coefficient of capillary suction of cement paste treated with brushing method was reduced by 90%. Mixed media consisted of sands, urea, Ca2+ and concentrated biomass, was injected into artificial cracks of cement paste followed by continual nutrient supplement, and CaCO3 particles were precipitated gradually between sands particles which were combined with cement matrix. The results showed that the compressive strength of recovered specimens was restored to 84%, which demonstrated that this kind of bio-restoration method is effective in repairing surface defects of cement-based materials. [source]

Guidelines for the treatment of chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis due to hepatitis B virus infection for the fiscal year 2008 in Japan

HEPATOLOGY RESEARCH, Issue 1 2010
Hiromitsu Kumada
In the 2008 guidelines for the treatment of patients with cirrhosis, who are infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV), the main goal is to normalize levels of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases by eliminating HBV or reducing viral loads. In patients with compensated cirrhosis, the clearance of HBV from serum is aimed for by entecavir, as the main resort, for histological improvement toward the prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In patients with decompensated cirrhosis, by contrast, meticulous therapeutic strategies are adopted for the reversal to compensation, toward the eventual goal of decreasing the risk of HCC. For maintaining liver function and preventing HCC, branched chain amino acids and nutrient supplements are applied, in addition to conventional liver supportive therapies. For patients with chronic hepatitis B, separate guidelines are applied to those younger than 35 years and those aged 35 years or older. Even for patients with chronic hepatitis who are negative for hepatitis e antigen (HBeAg), but who harbor HBV DNA in titers of 7 log copies/mL or more, a "drug-free state" is aimed for by sequential treatment with interferon (IFN) plus entecavir as the first line. For patients with chronic hepatitis B aged 35 years or older, who are HBeAg-negative and carry HBV DNA in titers of less than 7 log copies/mL, long-term IFN for 24,48 weeks is adopted anew. To HBeAg-negative patients who have either or both platelet counts of less than 150 × 103/mm3 and less than 7 log copies of HBV DNA, also, long-term IFN for 24,48 weeks is indicated. [source]

A case of carotenemia associated with ingestion of nutrient supplements

THE JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 2 2006
Yuko TAKITA
ABSTRACT Carotenemia is characterized by an abnormal yellowish orange pigmentation of the skin, most prominently seen on the palms and soles. Although it is associated with several disease such as diabetes, hypothyroidism and anorexia nervosa, it is caused by excessive intake of carotene-rich food such as oranges and carrots in most cases. Herein, we describe an interesting case of carotenemia in a 66-year-old female secondary to increased ingestion of oral supplements of carotene in order to improve hemorrhage in the eyeground. There could be an increasing trend of intake of commercial nutrient supplements in which case it is necessary to remind ourselves that commercial nutrient supplements could cause various skin disorders as side-effects. [source]

Purification and Characterization of Thermostable ,-Amylase from a Newly Isolated Thermophilic Bacillus stearothermophilus GRE 1

ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, Issue 5-6 2005
S.M. Zakir Hossain
A thermophilic bacterium, Bacillus stearothermophilus GRE 1, isolated from an Ethiopian hyperthermal spring produced a thermostable ,-amylase. Enzyme production in shake flask experiments while using optimum nutrient supplements and environmental conditions was 2.35 U/ml. Under optimized conditions in a bioreactor, 5-6 fold higher enzyme activity was obtained than that of a shake flask. Gel filtration chromatography yielded a purification factor of 33.62-fold and a recovery of 46.52%. The optimum temperature for activity was determined to be 60-70d,C and optimum pH was in the range of 5.5-6.0. The enzyme maintained 50% of its original activity after 45 minutes of incubation at 80d,C, and is stable at pH values of 5.0-9.0. Enzyme activity was strongly inhibited by Cu2+, Zn2+ and Fe2+. The enzyme is calcium independent and 94% and 86% relative activities were displayed with low concentrations of Co2+ and Mg2+, respectively. [source]