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Nuclear Microenvironments (nuclear + microenvironment)
Selected AbstractsNuclear microenvironment in cancer diagnosis and treatmentJOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY, Issue 6 2008Rossanna C. Pezo Abstract The nuclear architecture plays an important role in the temporal and spatial control of complex functional processes within the nucleus. Alterations in nuclear structures are characteristic of cancer cells and the mechanisms underlying these perturbations may directly contribute to tumor development and progression. In this review, we will highlight aspects of the nuclear microenvironment that are perturbed during tumorigenesis and discuss how a greater understanding of the role of nuclear structure in the control of gene expression can provide new options for cancer diagnosis and treatment. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 1953,1963, 2008. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Nuclear microenvironments and cancerJOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY, Issue 6 2008Gary S. Stein Nucleic acids and regulatory proteins are architecturally organized in nuclear microenvironments. The compartmentalization of regulatory machinery for gene expression, replication and repair, is obligatory for fidelity of biological control. Perturbations in the organization, assembly and integration of regulatory machinery have been functionally linked to the onset and progression of tumorigenesis. The combined application of cellular, molecular, biochemical and in vivo genetic approaches, together with structural biology, genomics, proteomics and bioinformatics, will likely lead to new approaches in cancer diagnostics and therapy. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 1949,1952, 2008. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Nuclear microenvironment in cancer diagnosis and treatmentJOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY, Issue 6 2008Rossanna C. Pezo Abstract The nuclear architecture plays an important role in the temporal and spatial control of complex functional processes within the nucleus. Alterations in nuclear structures are characteristic of cancer cells and the mechanisms underlying these perturbations may directly contribute to tumor development and progression. In this review, we will highlight aspects of the nuclear microenvironment that are perturbed during tumorigenesis and discuss how a greater understanding of the role of nuclear structure in the control of gene expression can provide new options for cancer diagnosis and treatment. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 1953,1963, 2008. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Nuclear microenvironments and cancerJOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY, Issue 6 2008Gary S. Stein Nucleic acids and regulatory proteins are architecturally organized in nuclear microenvironments. The compartmentalization of regulatory machinery for gene expression, replication and repair, is obligatory for fidelity of biological control. Perturbations in the organization, assembly and integration of regulatory machinery have been functionally linked to the onset and progression of tumorigenesis. The combined application of cellular, molecular, biochemical and in vivo genetic approaches, together with structural biology, genomics, proteomics and bioinformatics, will likely lead to new approaches in cancer diagnostics and therapy. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 1949,1952, 2008. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Alterations in intranuclear localization of Runx2 affect biological activity,,JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY, Issue 3 2006Sayyed K. Zaidi The transcription factor Runx2 controls osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. Runx2 organizes and assembles gene-regulatory complexes in nuclear microenvironments where target genes are activated or suppressed in a context-dependent manner. Intranuclear localization of Runx2 is mediated by the nuclear matrix-targeting signal (NMTS), an autonomous motif with a loop (L1)-turn-loop (L2) structure that forms predicted protein,protein interaction surfaces. Here we examined the functional consequences of introducing mutations in the L1 and L2 loops of the NMTS. These mutant proteins enter the nucleus, interact with the hetero-dimeric partner Cbf,, and bind to DNA in vitro and in vivo. In addition, these mutants retain interaction with the carboxy-terminus interacting co-regulatory proteins that include TLE, YAP, and Smads. However, two critical mutations in the L2 domain of the NMTS decrease association of Runx2 with the nuclear matrix. These subnuclear targeting defective (STD) mutants of Runx2 compromise target gene activation or repression. The biological significance of these findings is reflected by decreased osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal progenitors, concomitant with major changes in gene expression profiles, upon expression of the STD Runx2 mutant. Our results demonstrate that fidelity of temporal and spatial localization of Runx2 within the nucleus is functionally linked with biological activity. J. Cell. Physiol. 209: 935,942, 2006. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] | ||||||||||