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Novel Framework (novel + framework)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Information Science and Computing30%
Business, Economics, Finance and Accounting20%

Selected Abstracts

Optimizing Structure Preserving Embedded Deformation for Resizing Images and Vector Art

COMPUTER GRAPHICS FORUM, Issue 7 2009
Qi-xing Huang
Abstract Smart deformation and warping tools play an important part in modern day geometric modeling systems. They allow existing content to be stretched or scaled while preserving visually salient information. To date, these techniques have primarily focused on preserving local shape details, not taking into account important global structures such as symmetry and line features. In this work we present a novel framework that can be used to preserve the global structure in images and vector art. Such structures include symmetries and the spatial relations in shapes and line features in an image. Central to our method is a new formulation of preserving structure as an optimization problem. We use novel optimization strategies to achieve the interactive performance required by modern day modeling applications. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework by performing structure preservation deformation of images and complex vector art at interactive rates. [source]

Visual Clustering in Parallel Coordinates

COMPUTER GRAPHICS FORUM, Issue 3 2008
Hong Zhou
Abstract Parallel coordinates have been widely applied to visualize high-dimensional and multivariate data, discerning patterns within the data through visual clustering. However, the effectiveness of this technique on large data is reduced by edge clutter. In this paper, we present a novel framework to reduce edge clutter, consequently improving the effectiveness of visual clustering. We exploit curved edges and optimize the arrangement of these curved edges by minimizing their curvature and maximizing the parallelism of adjacent edges. The overall visual clustering is improved by adjusting the shape of the edges while keeping their relative order. The experiments on several representative datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach. [source]

Case,Based Reasoning for Assessing Intelligent Transportation Systems Benefits

COMPUTER-AIDED CIVIL AND INFRASTRUCTURE ENGINEERING, Issue 3 2003
Adel Sadek
Existing transportation planning modeling tools have critical limitations with respect to assessing the benefits of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) deployment. In this article, we present a novel framework for developing modeling tools for quantifying ITS deployments benefits. This approach is based on using case,based reasoning (CBR), an artificial intelligence paradigm, to capture and organize the insights gained from running a dynamic traffic assignment (DTA) model. To demonstrate the feasibility of the approach, the study develops a prototype system for evaluating the benefits of diverting traffic away from incident locations using variable message signs. A real,world network from the Hartford area in Connecticut is used in developing the system. The performance of the prototype is evaluated by comparing its predictions to those obtained using a detailed DTA model. The prototype system is shown to yield solutions comparable to those obtained from the DTA model, thus demonstrating the feasibility of the approach. [source]

Synthesis, characterization and crystal structure of a porous crystalline material

CRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY, Issue 12 2008
Chun-Sheng Zhou
Abstract An exploration of the nickel-malate-bpp system under hydrothermal conditions, has led to the isolation of a novel framework {[Ni(Hmal)(bpp)]·5H2O}n (1) (Hmal = malate dianion, bpp = 1,3-bi(4-pyridyl)propane). Single-crystal X-ray analyses reveal that it crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pccn. a = 21.141(3) Å, b = 10.4028(16) Å, c = 19.250(3) Å. The Ni(II) ions are linked into an extended helical chain via Hmal molecules. Further these chains are united together through the bridging bpp to form a 3D porous framework, which exhibits an unusual NbO-type topological network. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source]

Synthesis, characterization and crystal structure of a novel 2D Ni(II) complex with malate

CRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY, Issue 9 2008
Weiping Wu
Abstract An exploration of the nickel- malate-bpa system under hydrothermal conditions, has led to the isolation of a novel framework {[Ni(Hmal)(bpa)]·2.5H2O}n (1) (Hmal = malate dianion, bpa = 1,2-bi(4-pyridyl)ethane). Single-crystal X-ray analyses reveal that it crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Fdd2. a = 21.9944(13) Å, b =33.3369(19) Å, c = 10.3969(5) Å, , = 90°. The NiII ions are linked into an extended helical chain via Hmal molecules. Further these chains are united together through the bridging bpa to form a 2D grid layer, which exhibits a typical (6,3) topological network. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source]

Motion picture performance: A review and research agenda

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT REVIEWS, Issue 3 2009
Allègre L. Hadida
This paper provides a comprehensive literature review of empirical studies of motion picture performance published from 1977 to 2006 inclusive in the following five disciplines of the social sciences: strategy, organization theory, marketing, cultural economics and sociology. It introduces a novel framework which organizes the various dimensions and explanatory factors of movie performance into five distinct categories and underscores their relationships. The paper, which uses this model as a roadmap for discussions of film success, serves two complementary purposes. First, it clarifies the current state of the literature, stresses core contributions and exposes limitations in existing research by emphasizing hitherto neglected independent explanatory factors, dependent dimensions and correlations between them. Second, it introduces five conceptual, methodological and empirical suggestions for further cinema performance research aimed at addressing these limitations and, accordingly, at providing better accounts of motion picture performance in view of the fast-changing conditions of cinema production, marketing and consumption. [source]

Scalable and fault-tolerant key agreement protocol for dynamic groups

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NETWORK MANAGEMENT, Issue 3 2006
A. Abdel-Hafez
With the widespread use of the Internet, the popularity of group communication-based applications has grown considerably. Since most communications over the Internet involve the traversal of insecure networks, basic security services are necessary for these collaborative applications. These security services can be facilitated if the authorized group members share a common secret. In such distributed applications, key agreement protocols are preferred to key distribution protocols. In the past two decades, there have been many proposals for key agreement protocols. Most of these protocols are not efficient and limit the size of the underlying group. In this paper, we consider the scalability problem in group key agreement protocols. We propose a novel framework based on extension of the Diffie,Hellman key exchange protocol. The efficiency of our protocol comes from the clustering of the group members, where the common session key is established collaboratively by all participants. We present the auxiliary protocols needed when the membership changes. We show that our protocol is superior in complexity in both communication and computation overheads required to generate the session key. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Local to unity, long-horizon forecasting thresholds for model selection in the AR(1)

JOURNAL OF FORECASTING, Issue 7 2004
John L. Turner
Abstract This article introduces a novel framework for analysing long-horizon forecasting of the near non-stationary AR(1) model. Using the local to unity specification of the autoregressive parameter, I derive the asymptotic distributions of long-horizon forecast errors both for the unrestricted AR(1), estimated using an ordinary least squares (OLS) regression, and for the random walk (RW). I then identify functions, relating local to unity ,drift' to forecast horizon, such that OLS and RW forecasts share the same expected square error. OLS forecasts are preferred on one side of these ,forecasting thresholds', while RW forecasts are preferred on the other. In addition to explaining the relative performance of forecasts from these two models, these thresholds prove useful in developing model selection criteria that help a forecaster reduce error. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Subtyping of Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens

NUTRITION REVIEWS, Issue 7 2002
Martin Wiedmann D.V.M. Ph.D.
Phenotype-based and DNA-based subtyping methods allow for differentiation of bacterial isolates beyond the species and subspecies level. Bacterial subtyping methods not only have improved our ability to detect and track foodborne disease outbreaks, but also represent tools to track sources of bacterial contamination throughout the food system. The use of subtyping methods furthermore provides an opportunity to better understand the population genetics, epidemiology, and ecology of different foodborne pathogens. The last 5 years have seen tremendous advancement in the development of sensitive, rapid, automated, and increasingly easy-to-use molecular subtyping methods for a variety of different bacterial foodborne pathogens. This review will highlight key aspects of different subtyping methods for bacterial foodborne pathogens and provide examples of their applications in public health, food safety, epidemiology, and population genetics. Molecular subtyping and characterization methods may also facilitate the development of a novel framework for tracking, preventing, and regulating foodborne bacterial diseases, which is based on evolutionary relationships and genetic characteristics rather than traditional species definitions. [source]

What are we saving?

ANIMAL CONSERVATION, Issue 3 2009
Developing a standardized approach for conservation action
Abstract Are all species equal in terms of conservation attention? We developed a novel framework to assess the level of conservation attention given to 697 threatened mammals and 100 critically endangered amphibian species. Our index of conservation attention provides a quantitative framework for assessing how conservation resources are allocated, based on the degree to which conservation interventions have been proposed and implemented. Our results provide evidence of the strong biases in global conservation attention. We find that most threatened species receive little or no conservation, and that the small number receiving substantial attention is extremely biased. Species most likely to receive conservation attention are those which are well-studied, charismatic and that live in the developed world. Conservation status and evolutionary distinctiveness appear to have little importance in conservation decision-making at the global scale. Most species inhabit the tropics and are both poorly known and uncharismatic. Therefore, the majority of biodiversity is being ignored by current conservation action. [source]