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Northeast Thailand (northeast + thailand)
Selected AbstractsInfrequent microsatellite instability in liver fluke infection-associated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas from ThailandINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER, Issue 3 2003Upama Liengswangwong Abstract The liver fluke infection-associated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a major liver cancer in Northeast Thailand. The molecular basis of this ICC is poorly understood. To address possible roles of the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system in ICC carcinogenesis, a fluorescence-labeling PCR/laser scanning technique with high sensitivity was employed to analyze genomic instability in the nuclear DNA (nDNA) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in 24 fresh and 13 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues of ICC and their corresponding normal parts. Microsatellite instability (MSI) was assessed in nDNA, using 12 highly polymorphic loci including 5 Bethesda markers. These loci were mainly related to major MMR genes, hMSH2 and hMLH1. Also 3 (C)n and/or (C)n(A)n repeat instability at 1 noncoding region in the displacement-loop (D-loop) and 2 coding sequences in NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 and subunit 5 gene in mtDNA were analyzed. MSI was only detected in 1 (2.7%), 6 (16.7%), 1 (2.9%), 1 (2.9%) or 2 (6.3%) out of 37, 36, 35, 35 or 32 cases at BAT-25, D2S123, D3S1611, D11S904 or D17S250, respectively. LOH was found at D3S1298, D3S1561, D5S346 and TP53 in 4 (18.2%) out of 22, 2 (18.2%) out of 11, 6 (33.3%) out of 18 and 3 (12.5%) out of 24 informative cases, respectively. In mtDNA, none except a single case out of the 37 (2.7%) exhibited repeat sequence instability in the D-loop. We conclude that the liver fluke infection-associated ICC in Thailand is classified as low frequency MSI or microsatellite stable type and that DNA MMR system, through hMSH2 and hMLH1 gene mutations, does not play a major role in its carcinogenesis. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Heliodiaptomus phuthaiorum n. sp., a New Freshwater Copepod (Calanoida, Diaptomidae) from Temporary Ponds in Northeast ThailandINTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF HYDROBIOLOGY, Issue 4 2004La-orsri Sanoamuang Abstract An illustrated description of a new species, Heliodiaptomus phuthaiorum n. sp., from nine of the 456 sampled localities in northeast Thailand, is presented. Morphologically, it is closely related to the Indian H. pulcher (Gurney, 1907). The new species is characterized in the male by the prominent, spinulose knob on the inner margin of the right basis; the finely serrated inner margin of the right second exopodite-segment; and the extraordinary large, tongue-like projection on proximal inner margin of the left basis. In the female, the genital somite is unusually long, much longer than the other two urosomites combined. This new species is rare and has been found only in temporary ponds in Nakhon Pranom and Nong Khai Provinces. It usually co-occurs with 1,5 other diaptomids; the most frequently co-occurring species are Neodiaptomus blachei (Brehm, 1951), N. yangtsekiangensisMashiko, 1951 and Eodiaptomus phuphanensisSanoamuang, 2001. (© 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] Healing Herbs and Dangerous Doctors: "Fruit Fever" and Community Conflicts with Biomedical Care in Northeast ThailandMEDICAL ANTHROPOLOGY QUARTERLY, Issue 4 2007Jen PylypaArticle first published online: 8 JAN 200 In Northeast Thailand, khai mak mai (fruit fever) is a local, ethnomedical category of illness identified by community members as untreatable by biomedical health providers. The illness is believed to be incompatible with several substances that may induce death, including fruit as well as two forms of medication associated with biomedical care: injections and intravenous solution. Consequently, fevers suspected of being khai mak mai are treated by herbalists while biomedical health services are avoided and feared. In this article, I examine local perceptions and treatment of khai mak mai. I also explore the context and consequences of concerns about the inadequacy of biomedical care, as well as the social meanings associated with the illness and the political-economic context that shapes both the meanings of, and everyday responses to, fevers suspected of being khai mak mai. [source] Research Note: Industry outsourcing and regional development in Northeast ThailandASIA PACIFIC VIEWPOINT, Issue 1 2010Thongphon Promsaka Na Sakolnakorn Abstract Industry outsourcing has become a significant feature of industrialisation in Southeast Asia. This study presents the findings of a study of smaller industrial enterprises in Northeast Thailand that outsource some of their operations to workers in rural villages. It was found that social relationships rather than formal contracts are critical in the management and spread of such outsourcing and that industries use outsourcing primarily as a flexible strategy to lower costs of production. [source] "The probable industrial origin of archaeological daub at an Iron Age site in northeast Thailand" (Parr and Boyd, 2002): A comment on the inappropriate application of geophysical and geochemical techniques to an archaeological questionGEOARCHAEOLOGY: AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL, Issue 8 2003Maria Cotter Parr and Boyd (2002) used colorimetric analysis in combination with geophysical and geochemical techniques to estimate firing temperatures for archaeological daub from an Iron Age site in Thailand. They suggest that the daub was fired at high temperatures and, therefore, is indicative of kiln utilization and increased industrialization during that period in Thailand. They argue that the adoption of a multimethod analytical approach in which the combination of data derived from ICP-MS, X-ray diffraction, and magnetic susceptibility analyses of daub samples, coupled with microscopic and macroscopic examination of samples, enhances the accuracy of their interpretations. While they should be commended for attempting to substantiate their claims using many geophysical and geochemical techniques, their arguments are flawed by the misapplication of the techniques described and/or over-interpretation of the data generated by such techniques. Therefore, Parr and Boyd's (2002:285) point about methodology ("that the combined interpretation of independent measures provides a better estimate of the original firing temperatures of the archaeological material than has hitherto been possible") is made redundant by the lack of scientific rigor applied to the independent measures used for this study. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] Hydrological impacts of forest conversion to agriculture in a large river basin in northeast ThailandHYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES, Issue 14 2001J. Wilk Abstract Small-scale experiments have demonstrated that forest clearance leads to an increase in water yield, but it is unclear if this result holds for larger river basins (>1000 km2). No widespread changes in rainfall totals and patterns were found in the 12 100 km2 Nam Pong catchment in northeast Thailand between 1957 and 1995, despite a reduction in the area classified as forest from 80% to 27% in the last three decades. Neither were any detectable changes found in any other water balance terms nor in the dynamics of the recession at the end of the rainy season. When a hydrological model calibrated against data from the period before the deforestation was applied for the last years of the study period (1987,1995), runoff generation was however underestimated by approximately 15%, indicating increased runoff generation after the deforestation. However, this was mainly due to the hydrological response during one single year in the first period, when the Q/P ratio was very low. When excluding this year, neither analysis based on the hydrological model could reveal any significant change of the water balance due to the deforestation. More detailed land-use analysis revealed that shade trees were left on agricultural plots as well as a number of abandoned areas where secondary growth can be expected, which is believed to account for the results. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Murder or mortuary behaviour?INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OSTEOARCHAEOLOGY, Issue 4 2003An Iron Age enigma from Northeast Thailand Abstract During the excavation of the Iron Age site of Noen U-Loke, in the Mun River Valley, northeast Thailand, in 1998 an unusual case of possible fatal cranial trauma in an elderly woman was recovered. Her skull was cleaved across the centre from side to side. The woman was buried with her head inside a ceramic pot, which is unusual for the site, but with jewellery similar to that in other burials. She was interred in a large cluster of graves, with a high proportion of infants and children. Her burial treatment suggests that she was not being treated punitively. The position of the mandible shows that the cleavage is not a postmortem artifact but it is not possible to determine the reason for it or whether it was the cause of her death or occurred immediately afterward. It is an unusual and intriguing enigma. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Heliodiaptomus phuthaiorum n. sp., a New Freshwater Copepod (Calanoida, Diaptomidae) from Temporary Ponds in Northeast ThailandINTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF HYDROBIOLOGY, Issue 4 2004La-orsri Sanoamuang Abstract An illustrated description of a new species, Heliodiaptomus phuthaiorum n. sp., from nine of the 456 sampled localities in northeast Thailand, is presented. Morphologically, it is closely related to the Indian H. pulcher (Gurney, 1907). The new species is characterized in the male by the prominent, spinulose knob on the inner margin of the right basis; the finely serrated inner margin of the right second exopodite-segment; and the extraordinary large, tongue-like projection on proximal inner margin of the left basis. In the female, the genital somite is unusually long, much longer than the other two urosomites combined. This new species is rare and has been found only in temporary ponds in Nakhon Pranom and Nong Khai Provinces. It usually co-occurs with 1,5 other diaptomids; the most frequently co-occurring species are Neodiaptomus blachei (Brehm, 1951), N. yangtsekiangensisMashiko, 1951 and Eodiaptomus phuphanensisSanoamuang, 2001. (© 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] Perceptions about menopause and health practises among women in northeast ThailandNURSING & HEALTH SCIENCES, Issue 3 2002Siriporn Chirawatkul PhD Abstract The purpose of the present qualitative study was to understand health perceptions and practises among Thai menopausal women. One hundred and forty-two women aged 45,59 participated in the study in 1999. Data gathered from observations, focus group discussions, and in depth interviews were analyzed by using the hermeneutic phenomenological method. Four main themes emerged as characteristic of the health perceptions, practises and worldviews of the participants. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of what it is like to be a menopausal woman, and why certain health activities are practised. [source] | ||||||||||||||||