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Non-insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (non-insulin + dependent_diabetes_mellitu)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Life Sciences66%
Chemistry33%

Selected Abstracts

A quantitative study of the optic nerve in diabetic mutant, Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats

CONGENITAL ANOMALIES, Issue 4 2001
Kazuhiko Sawada
ABSTRACT, Optic nerves of the Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rat, an animal model of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, were examined using quantitative stereological procedures. At 67 weeks of age, OLETF rats showed a mild hyperglycemia: their blood glucose level was 196 ± 93 mg/dl, significantly higher than that of non-diabetic control Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats (110 ± 24 mg/dl). However, there were no differences in the cross sectional area of optic nerves (the mean minimum diameter), the total number and mean diameter of both myelinated and non-myelinated fibers, or the thickness of the myelin sheath between OLETF and LETO rats. The results suggested that a mild hyperglycemia in OLETF rats could not cause any morphological changes in the optic nerve. [source]

Antidiabetic activity of flavone from Ipomoea Batatas leaf in non-insulin dependent diabetic rats

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, Issue 1 2007
Rui Zhao
Summary The effects of flavone extracted from Ipomoea batatas leaf (FIBL) on body weight, blood glucose, serum lipid profiles, serum insulin and free radicals in rats with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) were studied. FIBL treatment (25, 50, 100 mg kg,1) for 2 weeks resulted in a significant decrease in the concentration of plasma triglyceride (TG), plasma cholesterol (TC) and weight in NIDDM rats. Furthermore, FIBL markedly decreased fasting plasma insulin level, blood glucose (FBG) level, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and significantly increased the Insulin Sensitive Index (ISI) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) level in NIDDM rats. In addition, flavone extracted from I. batatas leaf did not show any physical or behavioural signs of toxicity. More significantly, our data demonstrate the FIBL at the dose of 50 mg kg,1 body weight exhibited the optimal effect. The above results suggest that flavone extracted from I. batatas leaf could control blood glucose and modulate the metabolism of glucose and blood lipid, and decrease outputs of lipid peroxidation and scavenge the free radicals in non-insulin dependent diabetic rats. [source]

Peptide dynamic fingerprints: a tool for investigating the role of conformational flexibility for GLP-1 analogs affinity

JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE SCIENCE, Issue 8 2005
Dr M. Adenot
Abstract Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a 30-residue peptide implicated in short-term appetite regulation. Its analogs are presumed to be potential drugs against obesity and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM or type 2 diabetes). This study examined how the dynamic fingerprints can be used for establishing dynamics,activity relationships in a series of peptides for which the mechanism of action is unknown and in which mutations can cause an increase or decrease in biological activity. The 3D autocorrelation method was used to generate maps of both active and inactive analogs. As the active conformation of GLP-1 is not yet clearly defined, the dynamic fingerprints of peptides in an aqueous environment were compared to explain the high affinity of the peptide for its receptor. The suggestion that the peptide could bind to the receptor in a folded conformation has been examined. In the case of the GLP-1 analogs, it was shown that the folding tendency cannot be directly related to affinity values and the results do not favor a folded active conformation model of GLP-1. Copyright © 2005 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Melatonin improves oxidative stress parameters measured in the blood of elderly type 2 diabetic patients

JOURNAL OF PINEAL RESEARCH, Issue 3 2009
Kornelia K, dziora-Kornatowska
Abstract:, An elevated oxidative status in the aging organism may be involved in the development of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Melatonin, a potent antioxidant agent, is essential for glucose homeostasis and regulation. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of melatonin supplementation on the oxidative stress parameters in elderly NIDDM patients. The malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD-1) activity in erythrocytes, the level of nitrate/nitrite in plasma and morning melatonin concentration and oxidase activity of ceruloplasmin (Cp) in serum in 15 elderly NIDDM patients at baseline and after the 30 days of melatonin supplementation (5 mg daily) in comparison with levels in 15 healthy elderly volunteers were determined. A significant increase of MDA level and decrease of SOD-1 activity and melatonin concentration were observed in NIDDM patients. Cp oxidase activity and nitrate/nitrite level were similar in both examined groups. Melatonin administration in NIDDM patients resulted in a significant increase in the morning melatonin concentration and SOD-1 activity, and a reduction in the MDA level and Cp oxidase activity. Statistically significant alterations in nitrate/nitrite levels were not observed. These results indicate an improvement of antioxidative defense after melatonin supplementation in the NIDDM individuals and suggest melatonin supplementation as an additional treatment for the control of diabetic complications. [source]

DNA polymorphism of Pvu II site in the lipoprotein lipase gene in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

CELL BIOCHEMISTRY AND FUNCTION, Issue 6 2005
Belgin Süsleyici Duman
Abstract We studied the effect of variation at the lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene locus on the susceptibility of individuals with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in a population of 110 NIDDM patients and 91 controls. Our objective was to study the relationship between the LPL,Pvu II polymorphism and NIDDM and lipid metabolism. PCR-RFLP was used to determine the DNA polymorphism of the sixth intron of the LPL gene. The frequencies of the genotypes in case and control groups were 29.1 and 30.8% for P+/P+; 45.5 and 36.3% for P+/P,; 25.5 and 33% for P,/P, respectively. There was no significant difference in frequencies of genotypes between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis revealed that triacylglycerol (TAG) and apolipoprotein E levels were associated with NIDDM, whereas Pvu II genotypes were not found as independent risk factors for the disease. Overall this study demonstrates the role of the Pvu II polymorphism in the LPL gene in modulating plasma lipid/lipoprotein levels in patients with NIDDM. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]