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non-English Languages (non-english + languages)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	75%

Selected Abstracts

Female Gender and the Risk of Rupture of Congenital Aneurysmal Fistula in Adults

CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE, Issue 1 2008
Salah A.M. Said MD
ABSTRACT Aims., To delineate the risk factors for rupture of congenital aneurysmal fistulas in adult patients. Methods., We conducted a literature search of the Medline database using Pubmed search interface to identify reports dealing with rupture of congenital aneurysmal fistulas in an adult population. The search included the English and non-English languages between 1963 and 2005. Results., Fourteen adult patients (12 females) with serious and life-threatening complications secondary to aneurysmal fistulas were reported. Mean age was 62.9 years. The ethnic origins of these 14 patients were 9 Asian and 5 Caucasian. Most patients have had no other cardiac malformations. Five patients had a history of hypertension. One patient was asymptomatic. In 13 symptomatic patients, the clinical presentation was cardiac tamponade, pericardial effusion, syncope, heart failure, chest pain, dyspnea, fatigue, distal thromboembolic events with infarction, shock, and/or sudden death. Aneurysmal fistulas were identified in 10 patients; of these 6 were of the saccular type. Rupture occurred in 9 patients (8 females and 1 male). Eleven patients were treated surgically with 1 late death. Two male subjects experienced sudden unexpected cardiac death. Conclusion., Rupture of congenital aneurysmal fistulas occurred more often in females. Identified risk factors for rupture, hemopericardium, tamponade, and death were among others saccular aneurysm, Asian ethnic race, origin of the aneurysmal fistulas from the left coronary artery and a history of hypertension may play a role. In this article, we present a literature review of congenital aneurysmal fistulas associated with or without rupture and a case report of a woman with unruptured aneurysmal fistula. [source]

Translation and validation of the standard Chinese version of PDQ-39: A quality-of-life measure for patients with Parkinson's disease

MOVEMENT DISORDERS, Issue 5 2002
Kin-Lun Tsang MBBS
Abstract PDQ-39 has been widely used in the research and clinical management of Parkinson's disease. It has been translated into and validated in various non-English languages. We report here on the validity and reliability results for the translated standard Chinese PDQ-39 questionnaire. Fifty-four patients were recruited from a movement disorder clinic and two regional patient groups, and data were collected by direct interview. Nineteen patients had the tests repeated 4 weeks later to assess the test,retest and interrater reliability. The standard Chinese version of PDQ-39 demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's , = 0.54,0.90) and was comparable to versions in other languages. Further analysis showed good construct validity and test,retest reliability. Implications and limitations of the study are discussed. © 2002 Movement Disorder Society [source]

Language Ideology: The Case of Spanish in Departments of Foreign Languages

ANTHROPOLOGY & EDUCATION QUARTERLY, Issue 1 2003
Guadalupe Valdés
In this article we investigate language ideology in a department of Spanish. We are concerned with examining the acquisition and transmission of linguistic culture in departments of foreign languages within university settings and the ways in which views about non-English languages that are part of the American cultural dialogue are maintained and nurtured by educational institutions. Using long-term participant-observation data and focused interviews, we contend that foreign language departments in U.S. colleges and universities, although involved in a nonhegemonic practice,that is, in the teaching of non-English languages,are nevertheless working in concert with deeply held American ideologies about bilingualism and monolingualism. [source]

Volvulus of the sigmoid colon

COLORECTAL DISEASE, Issue 7Online 2010
V. Raveenthiran
Abstract Aims, The current status of sigmoid volvulus (SV) was reviewed to assess trends in management and to assess the literature. Method, The literature on SV was retrieved using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Pakmedinet, African Journals online (AJOL), Indmed and Google scholar. These databases were searched for text words including ,sigmoid', ,colon' and ,volvulus'. Relevant nonindexed surgical journals published from endemic countries were also manually searched. We focused on original articles published within the last 10 years; but classical references prior to this period were also included. Seminal papers published in non-English languages were also included. Results, Sigmoid volvulus is a leading cause of acute colonic obstruction in South America, Africa, Eastern Europe and Asia. It is rare in developed countries such as USA, UK, Japan and Australia. Characteristic geographic variations in the incidence, clinical features, prognosis and comorbidity of SV justify recognition of endemic and sporadic subtypes. Controversy on aetiologic agents can be minimized by classifying them into ,predisposing' and ,precipitating' factors. Modern imaging systems, although more effective than plain radiographs, are yet to gain popularity. Emergency endoscopic reduction is the treatment of choice in uncomplicated patients. But it is only a temporizing procedure, and it should be followed in most cases by elective definitive surgery. Resection of the redundant sigmoid colon is the gold standard operation. The role of newer nonresective alternatives is yet to be ascertained. Although emergency resection with primary anastomosis (ERPA) has been controversial in the past, it is now increasingly accepted as a safe option with superior results. Management in elderly debilitated patients is extremely difficult. Paediatric SV significantly differs from that in adults. SV is frequently associated with neuropsychiatric diseases, diabetes mellitus and Chagas disease. The overall mortality in recent studies is < 5%. Conclusion, There are almost no randomised controlled studies. According to the grading system of Oxford Center for Evidence Based Medicine (CEVM), available published evidence is at level 4. The recommendations resulting form this review are of ,C' grade. [source]