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Non-affective Psychosis (non-affective + psychosis)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

The Stockholm non-affective psychoses study (snaps): the importance of including out-patient data in incidence studies

ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 5 2010
L. Jörgensen
Jörgensen L, Ahlbom A, Allebeck P, Dalman C. The Stockholm non-affective psychoses study (snaps): the importance of including out-patient data in incidence studies. Objective:, To estimate the incidence rate of schizophrenia and non-affective psychoses from registers, to highlight the importance of including data from out-patient care, and to assess the proportion of persons treated in out-patient care only. Method:, Data from out-patient and in-patient psychiatric care in Stockholm and information from several national registers constitute ,The Stockholm Non-Affective Psychoses Study' (SNAPS). Incidence rates based on SNAPS data were calculated and compared to in-patient care incidence rates. Results:, The incidence rate was 72/100 000 for non-affective psychoses (age group 18,44) and 28/100 000 for schizophrenia (age group 18,34) in the SNAPS. This was higher compared to in-patient based incidence rates (42 and 13/100 000 respectively). The proportion of individuals with psychosis treated in out-patient care only was 25%. Conclusion:, There are substantial differences in the incidence rates of non-affective psychoses and schizophrenia depending on the availability of data. Not including out-patient care will underestimate the incidence rates. [source]

The antecedents of non-affective psychosis in a birth-cohort, with a focus on measures related to cognitive ability, attentional dysfunction and speech problems

ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 4 2010
J. Welham
Welham J, Scott J, Williams GM, Najman JM, Bor W, O'Callaghan M, McGrath J. The antecedents of non-affective psychosis in a birth-cohort, with a focus on measures related to cognitive ability, attentional dysfunction, and speech problems. Objective:, Adults with non-affective psychosis show subtle deviations in a range of developmental trajectories as children and adolescents. Method:, Based on a birth-cohort (n = 3801), we examined the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPTV) at age 5, and Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices (RSPM) and Wide Range Achievement Test reading scale (WRAT-R) at age 14. Items related to speech problems and attentional dysfunction were available from maternal- or self-report. At age 21, we identified 60 cohort members who were screen-positive for non-affective psychosis (SP-NAP). Results:, Impaired performance on the PPVT and RSPM (but not WRAT-R) predicted SP-NAP for males only. Male cohort members in the highest quartile for attentional dysfunction at ages 5 and 14 were about 5,8 times more likely to develop SP-NAP. SP-NAP in males was significantly associated with speech problems at age 14. Conclusion:, Males who develop non-affective psychoses have subtle impairments in cognitive capacity prior to the development of their psychotic disorder. [source]

Early identification of non-remission in first-episode psychosis in a two-year outcome study

ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 5 2010
E. Simonsen
Simonsen E, Friis S, Opjordsmoen S, Mortensen EL, Haahr U, Melle I, Joa I, Johannessen JO, Larsen TK, Røssberg JI, Rund BR, Vaglum P, McGlashan TH. Early identification of non-remission in first-episode psychosis in a two-year outcome study. Objective:, To identify predictors of non-remission in first-episode, non-affective psychosis. Method:, During 4 years, we recruited 301 patients consecutively. Information about first remission at 3 months was available for 299 and at 2 years for 293 cases. Symptomatic and social outcomes were assessed at 3 months, 1 and 2 years. Results:, One hundred and twenty-nine patients (43%) remained psychotic at 3 months and 48 patients (16.4%) remained psychotic over 2 years. When we compared premorbid and baseline data for the three groups, the non-remitted (n = 48), remitted for <6 months (n = 38) and for more than 6 months (n = 207), duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) was the only variable that significantly differentiated the groups (median DUP: 25.5, 14.4 and 6.0 weeks, respectively). Three months univariate predictors of non-remission were being single, longer DUP, core schizophrenia, and less excitative and more negative symptoms at baseline. Two-year predictors were younger age, being single and male, deteriorating premorbid social functioning, longer DUP and core schizophrenia. In multivariate analyses DUP, negative and excitative symptoms predicted non-remission at 3 months, but only DUP predicted at 2 years. Conclusion:, Long DUP predicted both 3 month and 2-year non-remission rates in first-episode psychosis. [source]

The antecedents of non-affective psychosis in a birth-cohort, with a focus on measures related to cognitive ability, attentional dysfunction and speech problems

Baseline profiles of adolescent vs. adult-onset first-episode psychosis in an early detection program

ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 6 2009
I. Joa
Objective:, Psychotic disorders often start in adolescence. We aim to investigate premorbid and baseline differences characterizing patients with an onset of psychosis in adolescence versus adulthood. Method:, We compare first-episode, DSM-IV non-affective psychosis with onset before (n = 43) and after (n = 189) 18 years on duration of untreated psychosis (DUP), level of symptoms, suicidal behaviour, and other baseline clinical and demographic characteristics. Results:, Adolescent onset patients had poorer premorbid functioning, a longer DUP, higher suicidality, and more depressive symptoms. They also had better cognition, fewer psychotic symptoms, and were more likely to be treated on an out-patient basis. Conclusion:, Adolescents with first-episode psychosis may have a slower and more silent, i.e. insidious onset, and are at risk of experiencing longer treatment delays than adults. They fit the description of what used to be labeled process (versus reactive) schizophrenia. [source]

Clinical and serotonergic predictors of non-affective acute remitting psychosis in patients with a first-episode psychosis

ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 1 2009
B. Arranz
Objective:, The study aimed to establish clinical predictors of non-affective acute remitting psychosis (NARP) and assess whether these patients showed a distinct serotonergic profile. Method:, First-episode never treated psychotic patients diagnosed of paranoid schizophrenia (n = 35; 21 men and 14 women) or NARP (n = 28; 15 men and 13 women) were included. Results:, NARP patients showed significantly lower negative symptomatology, better premorbid adjustment, shorter duration of untreated psychosis, more depressive symptomatology and a lower number of 5-HT2A receptors than the paranoid schizophrenia patients. In the logistic regression, the four variables associated with the presence of NARP were: low number of 5-HT2A receptors; good premorbid adjustment; low score in the item ,hallucinatory behaviour' and reduced duration of untreated psychosis. Conclusion:, Our findings support the view that NARP is a highly distinctive condition different from either affective psychosis or other non-affective psychosis such as schizophrenia, and highlight the need for its validation. [source]

Reducing the duration of untreated first-episode psychosis , effects on baseline social functioning and quality of life

ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 6 2005
I. Melle
Objective:, Long duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) is associated with poorer outcome. The TIPS study demonstrated that DUP can be reduced through early detection (ED). As quality of life (QoL) is associated with DUP it is expected that reduction of DUP leads to better QoL. Method:, Consecutive first-episode patients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of non-organic, non-affective psychosis were included, 281 patients gave informed consent and 263 completed a full evaluation of QoL. Results:, There were no differences in subjective QoL between ED and No-ED groups attributable to reduction in DUP. There were significant bivariate differences in frequency of family and social contacts in favor of the ED group, but multivariate analyses indicated that these differences were based on differences in sample characteristics. Conclusion:, Deterioration in QoL may precede overt symptom formation. Focus on functional loss in ED educational campaigns may identify risk subjects earlier in the course of the disorder. [source]

Measurement and reporting of the duration of untreated psychosis

EARLY INTERVENTION IN PSYCHIATRY, Issue 4 2008
Matthew Large
Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the demographic, illness and methodological factors associated with mean and median duration of untreated psychosis (DUP). Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the published studies of DUP and an examination of available DUP distributions. Results: DUP was longer in samples with a higher proportion of patients with schizophrenia and was shorter in samples that included affective psychosis. Sex, age, and the methods of measuring the onset and end-point of DUP and the type of service in which the studies were performed did not contribute to the heterogeneity of the mean or median DUP values. Mean DUP is significantly prolonged by a small number of patients, and the median DUP is a poor indicator of the rate at which patients present. Conclusions: The DUP of patients with affective and non-affective psychosis should be examined separately in order to make measures of DUP more meaningful and comparable, and DUP should be reported using more comprehensive measures. We suggest a method of reporting DUP based on the rate of presentation of first-episode psychosis patients rather than the length of DUP. [source]