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Normal Endometrium (normal + endometrium)
Selected AbstractsCoexistent atypical polypoid adenomyoma and complex atypical endometrial hyperplasia in the uterusDIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 7 2010Ayako Horita M.D. Abstract We report a case of atypical polypoid adenomyoma (APA) concomitantly identified with complex atypical endometrial hyperplasia (CAH) in the uterus. Since an initial endometrial smear revealed atypical endometrial cells, a diagnosis of CAH was made. Even though a concomitantly performed uterine cervical smear contained both atypical epithelial and stromal cells, the diagnosis of APA was not initially made because the cytological criteria for APA had not been established. Histologically, we recognized both CAH in the uterine corpus and APA in the lower uterine segment in the hysterectomy material. Retrospectively, the cells in the first cervical smear were interpreted as part of APA because the same types of cells were observed in the intraoperative cytology sample. Although the APA and CAH lesions were interposed by normal endometrium, estrogen was suspected to be the common etiological factor. Reports regarding the cytology of APA are currently scarce. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing cytological presentation of association of APA with CAH in addition to the first cervical smear of APA containing both epithelial and stromal components. Identification of abnormal proliferation of epithelium and stromal cells of smooth muscle origin is useful in the cytological diagnosis of APA. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Prognostic evaluation of epidermal fatty acid-binding protein and calcyphosine, two proteins implicated in endometrial cancer using a proteomic approachINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER, Issue 10 2008Zhengyu Li Abstract With the aim to translate the discovery from proteomic research into clinical applications, we identified epidermal fatty acid-binding protein (E-FABP) and calcyphosine (CAPS) by MALDI-Q-TOF MS and validated their overexpressions by immunoblotting. Their expression statuses were examined by immunohistochemistry in 39 normal endometrium, 29 endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN) and 84 endometrial cancer (EC) cases. We evaluated the correlations to the clinicopathologic characteristics and determined whether these proteins had prognostic significance. Expressions of E-FABP and CAPS were increased 2.64- and 2.18-fold in EC by immunoblotting. Immunoreactivity of both E-FABP and CAPS were stronger in EC than in EIN or normal tissues (p < 0.001 and < 0.001). Stronger immunoreactivity of E-FABP and CAPS were shown to present with poor differentiation (p = 0.032 and 0.001), but no relevance was observed with staging (p = 1.368 and 4.306). Survival analysis indicated that immunoreactivity of CAPS was correlated to poor survival (p = 0.018), but E-FABP status appeared to be no correlation to the clinical outcome of patients (p = 0.865). Multivariate analysis indicated that CAPS might be an independent prognostic factor for survival in patients with EC (p = 0.008). Results demonstrated the ubiquitous overexpressions of E-FABP and CAPS in EC and the correlations to the clinicopathologic parameters. CAPS might be a potential prognostic factor for survival in patients with EC. The research pattern from proteomics to clinical specimens would have widespread applications. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Hypermethylation of RAS effector related genes and DNA methyltransferase 1 expression in endometrial carcinogenesisINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER, Issue 2 2008Xiaoyun Liao Abstract Epigenetic aberration is known to be important in human carcinogenesis. Promoter methylation status of RAS effector related genes, RASSF1A, RASSF2A, hDAB2IP (m2a and m2b regions) and BLU, was evaluated in 76 endometrial carcinomas and their non-neoplastic endometrial tissue by methylation specific PCR. Hypermethylation of at least one of the 5 genes was detected in 73.7% of carcinomas. There were significant correlations between methylation of hDAB2IP and RASSF1A, RASSF2A (p = 0.042, p = 0.012, respectively). Significantly, more frequent RASSF1A hypermethylation was found in Type I endometrioid carcinomas than Type II carcinomas (p = 0.049). Among endometrioid cancers, significant association between RASSF1A hypermethylation and advanced stage, as well as between methylation of hDAB2IP at m2a region with deep myometrial invasion (p < 0.05) was observed. mRNA expression of RASSF1A, RASSF2A and BLU in endometrial cancer cell lines significantly increased after treatment with the demethylating agent 5-Aza-2,-deoxycytidine supporting the repressive effect of hypermethylation on their transcription. Immunohistochemical study of DNMT1 on eight normal endometrium, 16 hyperplastic endometrium without atypia, 40 atypical complex hyperplasia and 79 endometrial carcinomas showed progressive increase in DNMT1 immunoreactivity from normal endometrium to endometrial hyperplasia and endometrioid carcinomas (p = 0.001). Among carcinomas, distinctly higher DNMT1 expression was observed in Type I endometrioid carcinomas (p < 0.001). DNMT1 immunoreactivity correlated with RASSF1A and RASSF2A methylation (p < 0.05). The data suggested that hypermethylation of RAS related genes, particularly RASSF1A, was involved in endometrial carcinogenesis with possible divergent patterns in different histological types. DNMT1 protein overexpression might contribute to such aberrant DNA hypermethylation of specific tumor suppressor genes in endometrial cancers. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Fine temporal analysis of DHT transcriptional modulation of the ATM/Gadd45g signaling pathways in the mouse uterusMOLECULAR REPRODUCTION & DEVELOPMENT, Issue 3 2009Mahinč Ivanga Abstract In rodents, the uterus of a mature female undergoes changes during the uterine cycle, under the control of steroid hormones. 5,-Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) is recognized to play an important role in the regulation of androgen action in normal endometrium. Using microarray technology, a screening analysis of genes responding to DHT in the uterus of ovariectomized mice, has allowed us to highlight multiple genes of the ATM/Gadd45g pathway that are modulated following exposure to DHT. Two phases of regulation were identified. In the early phase, the expression of genes involved in the G2/M arrest is rapidly increased, followed by the repression of genes of the G1/S checkpoint, and by the induction of transcriptional regulators. Later, i.e. from 12 to 24 hr, genes involved in G2/M transition, cytoarchitectural and lipid-related genes are stimulated by DHT while immunity-related genes appear to be differentially regulated by the hormone. These results show that a physiological dose of DHT induces the transcription of genes promoting the cell cycle progression in mice. Profile determination of temporal uterine gene expression at the transcriptional level enables us to suggest that the DHT modulation of genes involved in ATM/Gadd45g signaling in an ATM- or p53-independent manner, could play an important role in the cyclical changes of uterine cells in the mouse uterus. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 76: 278,288, 2009. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Identification of the M-CSF Receptor in Endometriosis by Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCRAMERICAN JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 5 2004Liselotte Mettler Problem:, The aim of this paper is to provide further evidence that the dystopic proliferation of endometriotic epithelia is caused by the stimulation of peritoneal macrophages. It is essential to show that endometriotic epithelial cells express the macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR) which binds the M-CSF produced by the peritoneal macrophages. Method of study:, For the detection of M-CSFR, samples of ectopic endometrium (n = 79) and eutopic endometrium (n = 18) were compared. The specimens were gained at operative laparoscopy in the proliferative phase of the cycle. Cryostat sections were used for immunohistochemical detection. For in vitro reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests, the tissue was immediately shock frozen on paraffin sections. For the in situ RT-PCR technique the specimens were placed in a para-formaldehyde solution, embedded in paraffin and later processed. The Gene Amp 1000 in situ PCR system (Perkin Elmer) was used as the thermal cycler. Results:, M-CSF and the M-CSF receptor are present in eutopic and ectopic endometrium. Qualitatively, with both PCR techniques we found the M-CSF receptor to be present in all samples examined. Using the histochemical detection technique, the M-CSF receptor was found in nearly 70% of endometriosis patients compared with a statistically significant lower percentage in normal endometrium. Conclusions:, The in situ RT-PCR technique and immunohistochemistry elaborated the need to trace the cellular sources of the M-CSF receptor. The identification of the M-CSF receptor in endometriotic tissue and in endometrium is apt to open a new experimental field in endometriosis research. [source] Pseudo-placentational Endometrial Cysts in a BitchANATOMIA, HISTOLOGIA, EMBRYOLOGIA, Issue 1 2010C. Bartel Summary Cystic alterations of the canine endometrium compromise reproduction and fertility of the bitch and may lead to life-threatening diseases, such as pyometra. Even without clinical evidence, reduction of the uterine lumen by cysts implicates disturbances during migration, nidation and development of the embryo. Several studies point to the high variability of morphology of uterine endometrial cysts but they lack detailed analyses of alterations. In the present study, immunohistochemistry was used to investigate the expression of steroid hormone receptors (oestrogen, progesterone), proliferation activity, inflammation and infection in the cystic affected tissue regions in contrast to the normal endometrium. Oestrogen receptor expression showed a high density of receptors throughout the surface epithelial cells, crypt epithelial cells, glandular epithelial cells and stromal cells of the normal endometrium as well as the cystic affected regions. Proliferation in the cysts was verified in the middle and basal cells of the crypts. Neither in the endometrium nor in the cysts inflammatory processes or evidence of infection could be detected. Furthermore, lectin histochemistry and electron microscopic methods showed that lectin binding patterns and cell morphology of internal epithelial lining and surface epithelium of the cysts can be used to characterize and distinguish different types of cystic alterations. Analogies between epithelial cells of the glandular chambers of the canine placenta and the cystic cellular morphology, steroid hormone receptor distribution as well as lectin binding patterns of the endometrial cysts, as observed in this study, suggest to introduce the term ,pseudo-placentational endometrial cysts'. [source] | |||||||||||||