Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Nitriles
Kinds of Nitriles Terms modified by Nitriles Selected AbstractsSynthesis and some reactions of 4-(ethoxycarbonyl)-1,5-diphenyl-1H -pyrazole-3-carboxylic acidJOURNAL OF HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 5 2007Ahmet, ener 1,5-Diphenyl-1H -pyrazole-3,4-dicarboxylic acid-4-ethyl ester 2, obtained from the 4-ethoxycarbonyl-5-phenyl-2,3-furandione 1 and N -benzylidene- N,-phenyl hydrazine, was converted via reactions of its acid chloride 3 with various alcohols or N-nucleophiles into the corresponding ester 5 or amide derivatives 6, respectively. In addition, 2 was decarboxylated to give ethyl 1,5-diphenylpyrazole-4-carboxylate 4. Nitrile 7 derivative of 2 was also obtained by dehydration of 6a in a mixture of SOCl2 and DMF. While cyclocondensation reaction of 2 with hydrazine hydrate leads to the formation of pyrazolo[3,4- d]pyridazine-4,7-dione 8, the reaction of 3 with anhydrous hydrazine provided a new bis pyrazole derivative 9. [source] Studies on the reactions of cyclic oxalyl compounds with hydrazines or hydrazones : Synthesis and reactions of 4-benzoyl-1-(3-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyl-1H -pyrazole-3-carboxylic acidJOURNAL OF HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 5 2002Ahmet, ener The 1H -pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid 2, obtained from the furan-2,3-dione 1 and N -Benzylidene- N'-(3-nitrophenyl) hydrazine, was converted via reactions of its acid chloride 3 with various alcohols or N-nucleo-philes into the corresponding ester or amide derivatives 4 or 5, respectively. Nitrile 6 and anilino-pyrazole acid 7 derivatives of 2 were also obtained by dehydration of 5a in a mixture of SOCl2 with DMF and reduction of 2 with sodium polysulphide, respectively. While cyclocondensation reactions of 2 or 7 with phenyl hydrazine or hydrazine hydrate and 6 with only anhydrous hydrazine lead to derivatives of pyrazolo[3,4- d]-pyridazinone 8 and pyrazolo[3,4- d]pyridazine amine 9, respectivel. The reaction of 2 with 2-hydrazinopyri-dine provided hydrazono-pyrazole acid derivative 10, which was decarboxylated to give hydrazono-pyra-zole derivative 11. Pyrazolo[4,3- d]oxazinone 12 and 2-quinolyl pyrazolo[3,4- d]pyridazine 13 derivatives were also prepared by cyclocondensation reactions of 2 with hydroxylamine hydrochloride and 7 with acetaldehyde, respectively. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 4-Allylquinazolines from N-(2-Cyanoaryl)amides via the In-Mediated Allylation of Nitrile and Dehydrative Cyclization Cascade.CHEMINFORM, Issue 36 2010Sung Hwan Kim Abstract The sequence yields 4-allylquinazolines (III) and (V). [source] ChemInform Abstract: A Simple Synthesis of ,-Nitro-,-keto Nitrile.CHEMINFORM, Issue 26 2008Nagatoshi Nishiwaki Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] A Novel Three-Component Reaction: Synthesis of Some Complex Anellated Quinolines from Simple Acetanilides and via Intramolecular 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of Azide to Nitrile.CHEMINFORM, Issue 48 2007Biswajita Baruah Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF. [source] One-Pot Synthesis of Metalated Pyridines from Two Acetylenes, a Nitrile, and a Titanium(II) Alkoxide.CHEMINFORM, Issue 42 2005Ryoichi Tanaka No abstract is available for this article. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3-Substituted Isoindolin-1-ones by Regioselective Cyclization of Nitrile with a Styryl Double Bond.CHEMINFORM, Issue 8 2002Fen-Tair Luo Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] Polyamide Synthesis from 6-Aminocapronitrile, Part 1: N -Alkyl Amide Formation by Amine Amidation of a Hydrolyzed NitrileCHEMISTRY - A EUROPEAN JOURNAL, Issue 27 2007Adrianus Abstract The synthesis of N -hexylpentanamide from a stoichiometric amount of pentanenitrile and hexylamine has been studied as a model reaction for the synthesis of nylon-6 from 6-aminocapronitrile. The reaction was carried out under mild hydrothermal conditions and in the presence of a homogeneous ruthenium catalyst. For the mild hydrothermal conditions the presence of hexylamine distinctively increases the nitrile hydrolysis compared to the nitrile hydrolysis in the absence of hexylamine. Amine-catalyzed nitrile hydrolysis mainly produces the N-substituted amide. A clear product development is observed, consisting of first the terminal amide formation and second the accumulation of N -hexylpentanamide. With a maximum conversion of only 80,% after 18,h, the nitrile hydrolysis rate at 230,°C is still much too low for nylon-6 synthesis. Ruthenium dihydride phosphine was therefore used as a homogeneous catalyst, which significantly increases the nitrile hydrolysis rate. At a temperature of 140,°C and with only 0.5,mol,% [RuH2(PPh3)4] a 60,% nitrile conversion is already reached within 2,h. Initially the terminal amide is the sole product, which is gradually converted into N -hexylpentanamide. The reaction has a high initial rate, however, for higher conversions a strong decrease in hydrolysis rate is observed. This is ascribed to product inhibition, which results from the equilibrium nature of the reaction. [source] 1,3,5-Triazapentadiene Nickel(II) Complexes Derived from a Ketoxime-Mediated Single-Pot Transformation of NitrilesEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 16 2010Maximilian N. Kopylovich Abstract A series of cationic (2+) [Ni{HN=C(R)NHC(R)=NH}2](X)2 {R = 4-(Cl)C6H4 (1), 3-(NC)C6H4 (3), 4-(NC)C6H4 (4) and Me (7); X = Cl, (1, 3, 4) or MeCOO,·H2O (7)} and neutral [Ni{HN=C(R)NC(R)=NH}2](solvate) {R = 3-(Cl)-4-py (2), 3-py (5) and 4-py (6); solvate = MeOH and/or H2O; py = pyridyl} N,N -chelating bis(1,3,5-triazapentadiene/ato)nickel(II) [Ni(tap)2]2+/0 complexes has been easily generated by a ketoxime-mediated single-pot reaction of a nickel(II) salt [NiCl2·2H2O or Ni(MeCOO)2·4H2O] with 4-chlorobenzonitrile, isophthalonitrile, terephthalonitrile, acetonitrile, 2-chloro-4-cyanopyridine, 3-cyanopyridine or 4-cyanopyridine, respectively. The obtained compounds have been characterized by IR, 1H and 13C{1H} NMR spectroscopy, FAB-MS(+) or ESI-MS(+), elemental analyses and single-crystal X-ray diffraction [for 7 and solvated mono- {1a·(Me2CO)0.33·(MeOH)0.67} and bis-deprotonated (2b·2Me2CO, 4b·CHCl3, 5b·Me2CO and 6b·MeOH) products, formed upon recrystallization of 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6, respectively]. The crystal structures of all compounds bear similar monomeric Ni(tap)2 units with a nearly square-planar geometry. In addition, the structure of 7 features the formation of infinite 1D zig-zag water,acetate chains {[(H2O)2(MeCOO)2]2,}n, which multiply interact with the [Ni(tap)2]2+ cations to generate a 2D hydrogen-bonded supramolecular assembly. [source] Synthesis of ,-Amino Nitriles from Carbonyl Compounds, Amines, and Trimethylsilyl Cyanide: Comparison between Catalyst-Free Conditions and the Presence of Tin Ion-Exchanged MontmorilloniteEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 9 2010Jiacheng Wang Abstract In the absence of catalysts, the three-component, one-pot synthesis of ,-amino nitriles proceeded using various aldehydes and ketones together with amines and trimethylsilyl cyanide (TMSCN) in high yields under neat conditions at room temperature. The addition order of the reagents had a significant influence on the yields of the desired ,-amino nitriles. In contrast, when tin ion-exchanged montmorillonite (Sn-Mont), prepared by the ion-exchange of sodium montmorillonite (Na-Mont) with a tin tetrachloride solution, was used as a catalyst, the reaction rates significantly increased compared with those without catalysts, and the range of the applicable carbonyl compounds was also extended: structurally diverse aromatic, aliphatic and heteroatom-containing carbonyl compounds, including sterically hindered ketones as well as aliphatic and aromatic amines, were converted into the desired ,-amino nitriles in good to excellent yields with short reaction times under mild conditions. Sn-Mont showed a better catalytic activity than proton or other metal ion-exchanged montmorillonites, supported SnO2 catalysts and the previously reported homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts. The recovered catalyst was reused several times without loss of catalytic performance. Along with the expansion of the interlayer space of Sn-Mont, the strong Brønsted acid and Lewis acid nature of Sn-Mont derived from protons and SnO2 nanoparticles present in the interlayers of Sn-Mont likely played important and cooperative roles in the high catalytic activity. [source] Aromatic and Benzylic C,H Bond Functionalization Upon Reaction between Nitriles and Perfluoroalkyl SulfoxidesEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 31 2009Yohan Macé Abstract We studied the thermal behavior of some intermediates formed by reaction of nitriles with perfluoroalkyl sulfoxides upon trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride activation. Bistriflate ketal 3, precursor of sulfilimine 1, may undergo a rearrangement to sulfanyl nitrile 5 after triflic acid elimination under thermal conditions. With p -tolyl trifluoromethyl sulfoxide, remote triflic acid elimination from intermediate 4 leads to benzamide 8 formation. These reactions involve, respectively, selective functionalization of the aromatic ortho C,H bond or the benzylic C,H bond para to the sulfoxide group. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009) [source] Sulfilimines and Sulfoximines by Reaction of Nitriles with Perfluoroalkyl SulfoxidesEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 19 2009Yohan Macé Abstract The species obtained by activation of perfluoroalkylated sulfoxides with trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride behaves as highly electrophilic entities. Their reaction with nitriles allows a Ritter-like process leading to the new fluorinated acylsulfilimines 1,21 after hydrolysis. This flexible methodology allows some variation of both the sulfoxide and nitrile components. Derived acylsulfoximines 22,25 or free sulfoximines 26,28 could be selectively obtained, as needed, by further controlled oxidation with the cheap and nontoxic potassium permanganate. This oxidation may be performed either after isolation of the intermediate sulfilimine, or more conveniently in a one-pot process directly from fluorinated sulfoxides. This versatile, solvent and metal free, reaction is thus an opening way through the synthesis of new ligands or electrophilic trifluoromethylating reagents.(© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009) [source] Sodium Bis(trimethylsilyl)amide in the Oxidative Conversion of Aldehydes to NitrilesEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 11 2006Jih Ru Hwu Abstract The feasibility of the Me3Si species acting as a nucleofuge was investigated in compounds containing the NSiMe3 moiety. Treatment of various aromatic aldehydes with 2.2 equiv. of NaN(SiMe3)2 at 185 °C in a sealed tube produced the corresponding nitriles in high yields (81,98,%). In these reactions, NaN(SiMe3)2 acted as an oxidizing agent. Results from control experiments indicate that the Me3Si unit can depart efficiently from the NSiMe3 moiety of N -silylimine intermediates. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006) [source] Towards the Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Chiral ,-Amino Nitriles by Aminative Cyanation and Their Synthetic ApplicationsEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 1 2006Luca Bernardi Abstract The cyanobis(dibenzylamino)borane-mediated transformation of chiral aldehydes into the corresponding ,-amino nitriles is described. Starting from these compounds short synthetic routes can be envisaged for obtaining diastereomerically pure functionalized 1,2-diamines and hydroxylated ,-amino acids that are of interest as core key units of biologically active substances or as potential ligands for asymmetric catalysis. The stereochemical outcome of the aminative cyanation reaction is discussed. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006) [source] Chemoselective Catalytic Hydrosilylation of Nitriles,ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE, Issue 41 2010Dipl.-Chem. Löbliches Verhalten: Der Ruthenium-Komplex [Cp(iPr3P)Ru(NCCH3)2]+ (Cp=Cyclopentadienyl) katalysiert die Monohydrosilylierung von Nitrilen (siehe Schema) und toleriert dabei fast jede Art von funktioneller Gruppe. Der Katalysator wird aus einfachen, kommerziell erhältlichen Verbindungen synthetisiert, ist luftstabil und wiederverwendbar und arbeitet unter lösungsmittelfreien Bedingungen. [source] Synthesis of 5-Substituted 1H -Tetrazoles from Nitriles and Hydrazoic Acid by Using a Safe and Scalable High-Temperature Microreactor Approach,ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE, Issue 39 2010Bernhard Gutmann Mit Stickstoffwasserstoffsäure in den Mikroreaktor! Ein Hochtemperatur-Hochdruckprozess-Prozessintensivierungsansatz lieferte Tetrazole auf sehr effiziente Art. Trotz des toxischen und explosiven Charakters von Stickstoffwasserstoffsäure gelang die sichere Synthese im kontinuierlichen Fluss mit Verweildauern von weniger als 2.5,Minuten bei 260,°C (siehe Bild). [source] An Efficient Oxidation of Primary Azides Catalyzed by Copper Iodide: A Convenient Method for the Synthesis of Nitriles,ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE, Issue 37 2010Manjunath Lamani Sehr unterschiedliche primäre Azide werden in wässriger Lösung durch tert -Butylhydroperoxid (TBHP) unter CuI-Katalyse effizient zu den entsprechenden Nitrilen oxidiert. Eine Vielzahl von oxidierbaren funktionellen Gruppen wird unter den Reaktionsbedingungen toleriert. Die Oxidation sekundärer Azide führt zu Ketonen. [source] Direct Transformation of Methyl Arenes to Aryl Nitriles at Room Temperature,ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE, Issue 38 2009Wang Zhou Drei C-H-Bindungen werden bei der direkten Umwandlung von Methylarenen in Arylnitrile unter milden neutralen Bedingungen gespalten (siehe Schema). Dieses Verfahren liefert synthetisch und medizinisch wichtige Arylnitrile unter C-H-Funktionalisierung. PIDA=Phenyliodoniumdiacetat. [source] ChemInform Abstract: One-Pot Conversion of Aromatic Bromides and Aromatics into Aromatic Nitriles.CHEMINFORM, Issue 43 2010Sousuke Ushijima Abstract Various bromoarenes and p-iodotoluene can be efficiently converted to nitriles through a one-pot sequence including lithiation, reaction with DMF and subsequent oxidation with iodine in the presence of ammonia. [source] ChemInform Abstract: 1-Substituted Cyclopentylamines from Nitriles and Tetramethylenebismagnesium Dibromide in the Presence of Ti(OiPr)4.CHEMINFORM, Issue 27 2010Olesya A. Tomashenko Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient InCl3 -Catalyzed Hydration of Nitriles to Amides: Acetaldoxime as an Effective Water Surrogate.CHEMINFORM, Issue 27 2010Eun Sun Kim Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Mesoporous ZnS Nanospheres: A High Activity Heterogeneous Catalyst for Synthesis of 5-Substituted 1H-Tetrazoles from Nitriles and Sodium Azide.CHEMINFORM, Issue 19 2010Leiming Lang Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] ChemInform Abstract: One-Pot Synthesis of 2-Pyridones via Chemo- and Regioselective Tandem Blaise Reaction of Nitriles with Propiolates.CHEMINFORM, Issue 7 2010Yu Sung Chun Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] ChemInform Abstract: About the Reaction of ,-Dimethylamino-,,,-enones with Active Methylene Nitriles.CHEMINFORM, Issue 6 2010Fathy M. Abdelrazek Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] ChemInform Abstract: PTSA,ZnCl2: An Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of 1,2,4-Oxadiazoles from Amidoximes and Organic Nitriles.CHEMINFORM, Issue 1 2010John Kallikat Augustine Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] ChemInform Abstract: New Catalytic Properties of Iron Complexes: Dehydration of Amides to Nitriles.CHEMINFORM, Issue 51 2009Shaolin Zhou Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Heterocyclic Synthesis with Nitriles: Synthesis of Pyrazolopyrimidine and Pyrazolopyridine Derivatives.CHEMINFORM, Issue 38 2009Abdellatif M. Salaheldin Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Reductions of Aliphatic and Aromatic Nitriles to Primary Amines with Diisopropylaminoborane.CHEMINFORM, Issue 29 2009Dustin Haddenham Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Aminobenzoic Acids with ,,,-Acetylenic ,-Hydroxy Nitriles: Synthesis of Functionalized Amino Acids and Unusually Facile Esterification and Acetylene Hydration.CHEMINFORM, Issue 29 2009Boris A. Trofimov Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Both Antipodes of ,-Hydroxy Nitriles and ,-Hydroxy Carboxylic Acids via Enzymatic Reduction or Sequential Reduction/Hydrolysis.CHEMINFORM, Issue 26 2009Haribabu Ankati Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||