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New Social (new + social)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Humanities and Social Sciences50%

Terms modified by New Social

  • new social movement
    		•
  • new social risk
    		•

    Selected Abstracts

    Local Capitalisms, Local Citizenship and Translocality: Rescaling from Below in the Pearl River Delta Region, China

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF URBAN AND REGIONAL RESEARCH, Issue 2 2007
    ALAN SMART
    Abstract Chinese economic reforms have profoundly changed the scale at which things get done. Much of the existing literature on scale has concentrated on the politics of rescaling from above. Less has been written about rescaling initiatives from below, the focus of this study. It distinguishes three important localisms. Local capitalisms treats capitalism as subordinate to local social and political processes that provide crucial conditions of existence. Local citizenship sees processes of entitlement and exclusion as accomplished locally rather than through national frameworks. Translocality describes the ways in which claims are made on the loyalties of those possessing capital but residing elsewhere and the promotion of the place through image-building and physical/social infrastructural enhancements. These three distinct localisms overlap and interact in a variety of ways to shape a new social and spatial order in post-reform China. A detailed study of the practices of localism in the Dongguan city-region reveals the ways in which the emergence of capitalism has been dependent on pre-existing social connections and based on villages and townships. The entitlements of citizenship are polarized between the local hukou population and the migrant workers irrespective of the national definition of social safety net and regardless of the physical presence of the individuals. Résumé En Chine, les réformes économiques ont profondément modifié l'échelon auquel les choses se font. Les publications traitant de cet aspect se consacrent en général aux politiques de redimensionnement venues des instances supérieures, et abordent plus rarement les initiatives venues d'en bas, objets de cette étude. Cette dernière distingue trois localismes importants: les capitalismes locaux, le capitalisme apparaissant subordonné aux processus sociaux et politiques locaux qui déterminent les conditions d'existence; la citoyenneté locale pour qui les processus d'habilitation et d'exclusion s'effectuent au plan local et non en fonction de cadres nationaux; la translocalité qui décrit comment est sollicitée la loyauté de ceux qui possèdent le capital mais résident ailleurs, et comment des projets de création d'image et d'infrastructure matérielle ou sociale dynamisent la promotion du lieu. Ces trois localismes se chevauchent et interagissent diversement, façonnant un nouvel ordre social et spatial dans la Chine de l'après-réforme. Une étude détaillée du localisme pratiqué dans la ville de Dongguan fait apparaître les modalités d'un capitalisme émergent, dépendant des liens sociaux existants et basé sur des villages ou municipalités. L'accès à la citoyenneté définit un clivage entre la population locale ayant son hukou et les travailleurs migrants, indépendamment de la notion nationale de filet de protection sociale ou de la présence physique des individus. [source]

    New social risks in postindustrial society: Some evidence on responses to active labour market policies from Eurobarometer

    INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL SECURITY REVIEW, Issue 3 2004
    Peter Taylor-Gooby
    One result of the complex economic and social changes currently impacting on state welfare is the emergence of what may be termed "new social risks" as part of the shift to a postindustrial society. These concern access to adequately paid employment, particularly for lower-skilled young people, in an increasingly flexible labour market, and managing work-life balance for women with family responsibilities engaged in full-time careers. They coexist with the old social risks that traditional welfare states developed to meet, which typically concern retirement from or interruption to paid work, in most cases for a male "breadwinner". New social risks offer policymakers the opportunity to transform vice into virtue by replacing costly passive benefits with policies which mobilize the workforce, arguably enhancing economic competitiveness, and reduce poverty among vulnerable groups. However, the political constituencies to support such policies are weak, since the risks affect people most strongly at particular life stages and among specific groups. This paper examines attitudes to new social risk labour market policies in four contrasting European countries. It shows that attitudes in this area are strongly embedded in overall beliefs about the appropriate scale, direction and role of state welfare interventions, so that the weakness of new social risk constituencies does not necessarily undermine the possibility of attracting support for such policies, provided they are developed in ways that do not contradict national traditions of welfare state values. [source]

    Democratic Deficits of a Dualist Deliberative Constitutionalism: Bruce Ackerman and Jürgen Habermas

    RATIO JURIS, Issue 3 2005
    MARIELA VARGOVA
    It argues that Ackerman's version of democratic dualism sets strict normative distinctions between constitutional and ordinary political deliberations. As a result, it ignores everyday political processes and citizens' ordinary public deliberations and is unresponsive to ongoing social changes in a liberal pluralist society. On the other hand, Habermas's discursive constitution defends a dynamic relationship between constitutional and ordinary politics. It provides a better model of a continuous constitutional development that is more open to new social and historical circumstances. [source]

    Social Welfare and the Selection of the Optimum Hog Slaughter Weight in Quebec

    CANADIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, Issue 3 2003
    Peter D. Goldsmith
    What is the optimum slaughter weight? It depends from whose perspective. A dynamic systems model is built to analyze the welfare impact of alternative animal genetics, feeding program, feed quality and slaughter weight on producers, processors and the environment. The unique systems approach analyzes eight possible welfare rules and a corresponding harm function to assess animal performance within a multistakeholder context. The model results show there are significant tradeoff problems among producers, processors and the environment. The model highlights how the definition of animal performance needs to be revisited, as it has different meaning to different stakeholders in society. While performance historically was synonymous with production efficiency, with new social and political concerns, this interpretation is not universal. The model demonstrates greater complexities by broadening the set of affected parties. Quel est lepoids d'abattage optimal? Cela dépend du point de vue adopté. Une modélisation à base de systèmes dynamiques est construite afin d'analyser l'impact de méthodes alternatives en matière de génétique animale, de programme alimentaire, de qualité de l'aliment et du poids à l'abattage, sur les producteurs, les transformateurs et sur l'environnement. L'approche unique par systèmes analyse huit règles possibles concernant le bien-être social ainsi qu'une fonction correspondante aux nuisances associées pour mesurer la performance animale dans le contexte où plusieurs parties prenantes sont présentes. Les résultats du modèle mettent en avant des problèmes de compromis significatifs parmi les producteurs, les transformateurs et pour l'environnement. Le modèle souligne combien la définition de la performance animale a besoin d'être revue et corrigée étant donnée que les différentes parties concernées dans la société la perçoivent différemment. Alors que, historiquement, performance était synonyme d'efficacité de la production, avec les nouvelles préoccupations sociales et politiques, la définition de « performance » n'est plus universelle. Le modèle présenté ici illustre une plus grande complexité en augmentant l'ensemble des parties concernées. [source]