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New Developments (new + development)
Selected AbstractsOffering Incentives for New Development: The Role of City Social Status, Politics, and Local Growth ExperiencesJOURNAL OF URBAN AFFAIRS, Issue 2 2002Paul G. Lewis The propensity of municipal governments to offer incentives for new development is empirically examined, drawing upon both the literature on local economic development policy and studies of local residential restrictions. The data are from a 1998 mail survey of city managers in California in which officials assessed the likelihood that their local governments would offer financial assistance or zoning changes to various types of new business and residential land uses in their communities. Multivariate analysis indicates that local conditions resulting from past growth patterns,commuting times, job/population balance, and housing affordability,play an important role in shaping respondents' assessments as to whether their cities are likely to grant incentives. Such factors deserve an important role in explaining local government growth orientations, alongside measures of community status, political institutions, and the strength of progrowth coalitions. [source] ChemInform Abstract: New Development in the Enantioselective Ring Opening of meso-Epoxides by Various Chloride Ion Silicon Sources Catalyzed by an o-Methoxyaryldiazaphosphonamide Lewis Base.CHEMINFORM, Issue 13 2001Sebastien Reymond Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] New Developments of Self-emitting Electrostatic Probes for use in High Temperature PlasmasCONTRIBUTIONS TO PLASMA PHYSICS, Issue 7-8 2004M. A. Fink Abstract Emissive electrostatic probes for the use in fusion experiments must be able to sustain significantly higher thermal loads than in low-temperature plasma experiments. Several types of probe design are discussed, the results from the use of such probes in the edge plasma of the Wendelstein 7-AS stellarator are presented and compared with the predictions of emissive and non-emissive probe models. (© 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] New Developments in Latin America's Social PolicyDEVELOPMENT AND CHANGE, Issue 5 2008Armando Barrientos ABSTRACT This article introduces a special section focusing on the social policy reforms of recent years in Latin America. The essay identifies and discusses the principal trends and challenges in social policy in the region since the 1980s, before providing a summary of the special section and linking up the themes of the four contributions that follow. These highlight the variety of approaches adopted, as well as the differing assessments of recent developments. The authors note that while the reform process itself is unfolding, it is striking that social policy has become a highly visible and contested issue in the region. [source] New Developments in Vertical Gradient Freeze Growth,ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS, Issue 7 2004O. Pätzold The Vertical Gradient Freeze (VGF) technique is an important method for growing high quality compound semiconductors such as GaAs. Results obtained with a novel VGF set-up developed for the growth under influence of a rotating magnetic field (RMF) and under vapour pressure control are presented in this paper. The RMF is shown to be a powerful tool to affect the heat and mass transport within the melt in a definite way. In GaAs:Si growth, RMF induced flow results in a decreased curvature of a nominally concave-shaped interface, i.e., it contributes to an axial heat transfer at the solid-liquid interface. The axial dopant segregation of Ga in Ge is found to be improved under continuous RMF action due to better mixing of the melt. The set-up also allowed to determine the influence of carbon and the arsenic vapour pressure on the dopant incorporation and crystal quality. [source] Convention and Intersubjectivity: New Developments in French EconomicsJOURNAL FOR THE THEORY OF SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR, Issue 3 2006JOHN LATSIS The recently formed French School of the "économie des conventions" have claimed that they are developing a revolutionary new approach to the social sciences. This group of researchers in economics, philosophy, sociology, law and history attempt to transcend the inherited analytical frameworks of structural-functionalist sociology and neoclassical economics and provide an alternative picture of the social world. This article will investigate some of these claims in detail. First, I trace the cohesion of the Convention School's ideas around the key concept of convention. Conventionalist theory reflects an ontological shift towards the recognition of intersubjectivity. This shift leads to tension between the advocacy of methodological individualism on the one hand and the use of convention as a central analytical category on the other. [source] Oil and Gas: New DevelopmentsAFRICA RESEARCH BULLETIN: ECONOMIC, FINANCIAL AND TECHNICAL SERIES, Issue 3 2010Article first published online: 4 MAY 2010 No abstract is available for this article. [source] Oil and Gas: New DevelopmentsAFRICA RESEARCH BULLETIN: ECONOMIC, FINANCIAL AND TECHNICAL SERIES, Issue 2 2010Article first published online: 1 APR 2010 No abstract is available for this article. [source] Application and New Developments in Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal Simulation StudiesMACROMOLECULAR THEORY AND SIMULATIONS, Issue 7 2007Young Jae Jeon Abstract Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) represent an important new class of materials with electro-optic applications such as flexible displays, large-area devices projection displays, electrically switchable windows, etc. On considering such applications of these materials, many studies have been performed on the experimental side. Similarly, research on the simulation side for the PDLCs is of the fundamental interest too. The present article contains a short review on the present and past simulation studies of PDLCs. Various molecular simulation approaches applied to PDLC systems by different groups are reviewed here. In addition some new findings of the bulk phases are also extensively described. [source] Beyond Homo Economicus: New Developments in Theories of Social NormsPHILOSOPHY AND PUBLIC AFFAIRS, Issue 2 2000ELIZABETH ANDERSON First page of article [source] New Developments in the Pharmacotherapy of Alcohol DependenceTHE AMERICAN JOURNAL ON ADDICTIONS, Issue 2001Hugh Myrick M.D. Neuroscientific underpinnings and pharmacotherapeutic treatments of sub-stance use disorders are rapidly developing areas of study. In particular, there have been exciting new developments in our understanding of the involvement of excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter systems and the opiate and serotonin systems in the pathophysiology of alcohol withdrawal, alcohol dependence, and in subtypes of individuals with alcoholism. In this article, new developments in the pharmacotherapy of alcohol dependence will be reviewed. In particular, the use of anticonvulsants in alcohol withdrawal and protracted abstinence syndromes will be discussed. New data on opiate antagonists and acamprosate, an agent that exerts actions through excitatory amino acid systems in relapse prevention, will be reviewed. Finally, there will be a review of new data concerning the use of serotonin reuptake inhibitors in subtypes of alcoholism and the use of combination pharmacotherapy. [source] New Developments in Productivity AnalysisTHE ECONOMIC JOURNAL, Issue 485 2003Mary O'mahony No abstract is available for this article. [source] Supersoft X-ray sourcesASTRONOMISCHE NACHRICHTEN, Issue 2 2010F. Haberl Abstract The workshop "Supersoft X-ray Sources , New Developments" brought together observers and theoretician to discuss the present status and unsolved problems of supersoft source research. A large part of the workshop was devoted to optical novae and their supersoft state. Large samples of supersoft X-ray sources were presented from nearby galaxies, as well as extensive monitoring campaigns ofbright individual sources. The theoretical modelling oflight curves and high-resolution X-ray spectra are well underway, but details are often not yet understood (© 2010 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] New Developments in Simulated Moving Bed ChromatographyCHEMICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (CET), Issue 6 2008A. Seidel-Morgenstern Abstract Chromatographic separation processes are widely used to isolate and purify value added products. Most frequently, such separation processes are performed exploiting the principles of injecting samples of the feed mixture in a repetitive periodic manner and collecting the target products batchwise. In the early 1960s, an alternative operation principle based on using several columns connected in series and exploiting a continuous countercurrent movement between the mobile and stationary phases initiated significant improvements in performing specific separation processes in the petrochemical and sugar industries. In the last decade, the so-called simulated moving bed (SMB) chromatography has rapidly entered the pharmaceutical industry. In particular enantioseparations using chiral stationary phases have become a strong driving force to develop more sophisticated concepts of continuous chromatography. Currently, the growing interest in efficient methods for the downstream processing of biomolecules enhances interest in SMB processes. This paper gives a brief overview of the new suggestions and trends. [source] New Developments in the Synthesis of Heterotopic Atropisomeric Diphosphines via Diastereoselective Aryl Coupling Reactions.CHEMINFORM, Issue 49 2004Jonathan Madec Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text. [source] Geomechanics and Tunnelling 2/2010GEOMECHANICS AND TUNNELLING, Issue 1 2010Article first published online: 24 FEB 2010 Semmering and Koralm tunnels Neue Südbahn, Semmering und Koralm Tunnel F. Bauer: Investment in the Austrian rail network , overview of new and upgrading projects , Investitionen in das österreichische Schienennetz , Überblick Neu- und Ausbauvorhaben G. Gobiet and D. Haas: New Semmering Base Tunnel project , an interdisciplinary challenge , Semmering Basistunnel Neu , eine interdisziplinäre Herausforderung A. Fasching, R. Vanek, Th. Stadlmann, P. Reichl, G. Domberger, G. Forstinger and O. Wagner: New Semmering Base Tunnel , the investigation programme 2008/2009 and the knowledge gained in the areas of geology, hydrogeology and geotechnical engineering , Semmering-Basistunnel Neu , Das Erkundungsprogramm 2008/2009 und die daraus gewonnenen Erkenntnisse auf den Gebieten der Geologie, Hydrogeologie und Geotechnik J. Daller, A. Vigl and O. Wagner: New Semmering Base Tunnel , the current state of tunnel design taking the newest investigation results into account , Semmering-Basistunnel Neu , Aktueller Stand der Tunnelplanung unter Berücksichtigung der neuesten Erkundungsergebnisse R. Bopp, V. Langer, Ch. Neumann and O. Wagner: The ventilation and tunnel safety concept for the New Semmering Base Tunnel , Das Lüftungs- und Tunnelsicherheitskonzept für den Semmering-Basistunnel Neu G. Harer and J. Koinig: Current state of design, investigation and construction work at the Koralm Tunnel , Aktueller Stand der Planungs-, Erkundungs- und Ausführungsarbeiten beim Koralmtunnel P. Schubert, H. Hölzl, P. Sellner and F. Fasching: Geomechanical knowledge gained from the Paierdorf Investigation Tunnel in the section through the Lavanttal main fault zone , Geomechanischer Wissenszuwachs durch den Erkundungstunnel Paierdorf im Abschnitt der Lavanttaler Hauptstörungszone D. Handke, M. Nolden, K. Mussger and A. Steidl: Solution methods for the design and construction of contract KAT 3 , Lösungsansätze für Planung und Bauausführung des Bauloses KAT 3 M. Vill, H. Wagner, A. Schweighofer, H. Huber, W. Pichler and J. Kollegger: New development of a crack-limited invert slab , Neuentwicklung der rissebeschränkten Sohlplatte M. Stopka: Hengsberg Tunnel , the construction contract as seen by the contractor , Hengsbergtunnel , der Bauvertrag aus Sicht des Auftragnehmers T. Schachinger, H. Gaube and G. Krainer: Results from the Untersammelsdorf test field for the planning of the tunnelling work , Erkenntnisse aus dem Versuchsfeld Untersammelsdorf für die Gestaltung der Vortriebsmaßnahmen K. Chmelina and K. Rabensteiner: Improvement of the safety and profitability of tunnel drives through the use of automated measurement and alarm systems , examples in practice , Verbesserung der Sicherheit und Wirtschaftlichkeit von Tunnelvortrieben durch den Einsatz automatisierter Mess- und Alarm-systeme , Ausführungsbeispiele [source] New developments in perinatal mental healthACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 5 2004Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica No abstract is available for this article. [source] New developments in small molecules targeting p53 pathways in anticancer therapyDRUG DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH, Issue 6 2008Chit Fang Cheok Abstract The tumor suppressor p53 is frequently inactivated in a wide variety of cancers and point mutations or deletions of the p53 gene are associated with poor prognosis in cancer. About half of all human tumors carry wildtype p53 but p53 wildtype functions are often suppressed by the overexpression of murine double minute 2 (MDM2), a negative regulator of p53. Restoration of p53 functions in tumor cells, therefore, represents an attractive strategy in combating cancer and has been the focus of intensive anticancer drug discovery. One strategy is to antagonize MDM2 functions and initial success was demonstrated in vitro and in xenograft tumor models using newly discovered small molecule inhibitors and antisense oligonucleotides. The new discovery of a compound targeting SirT1 (a member of the sirtuin family) in a p53-dependent reporter screen highlighted the importance of another negative regulator of p53 and offers an additional avenue for drug discovery and research on p53-activating therapeutics. Here, we discuss the developments of p53-activating small molecules and their potential use in combination therapy with established chemotherapeutics. These small molecules were discovered from chemical library screening using biochemical assays or cellular-based assays, and/or structure-based rational drug design strategies. Drug Dev Res 69:289,296, 2008. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] New developments for the European Journal of NeurologyEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, Issue 4 2001François Boller No abstract is available for this article. [source] New developments in our understanding of acne pathogenesis and treatmentEXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY, Issue 10 2009Ichiro Kurokawa Abstract:, Interest in sebaceous gland physiology and its diseases is rapidly increasing. We provide a summarized update of the current knowledge of the pathobiology of acne vulgaris and new treatment concepts that have emerged in the last 3 years (2005,2008). We have tried to answer questions arising from the exploration of sebaceous gland biology, hormonal factors, hyperkeratinization, role of bacteria, sebum, nutrition, cytokines and toll-like receptors (TLRs). Sebaceous glands play an important role as active participants in the innate immunity of the skin. They produce neuropeptides, excrete antimicrobial peptides and exhibit characteristics of stem cells. Androgens affect sebocytes and infundibular keratinocytes in a complex manner influencing cellular differentiation, proliferation, lipogenesis and comedogenesis. Retention hyperkeratosis in closed comedones and inflammatory papules is attributable to a disorder of terminal keratinocyte differentiation. Propionibacterium acnes, by acting on TLR-2, may stimulate the secretion of cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 by follicular keratinocytes and IL-8 and -12 in macrophages, giving rise to inflammation. Certain P. acnes species may induce an immunological reaction by stimulating the production of sebocyte and keratinocyte antimicrobial peptides, which play an important role in the innate immunity of the follicle. Qualitative changes of sebum lipids induce alteration of keratinocyte differentiation and induce IL-1 secretion, contributing to the development of follicular hyperkeratosis. High glycemic load food and milk may induce increased tissue levels of 5,-dihydrotestosterone. These new aspects of acne pathogenesis lead to the considerations of possible customized therapeutic regimens. Current research is expected to lead to innovative treatments in the near future. [source] Measurement accuracy enhancements for wideband modulated signalsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RF AND MICROWAVE COMPUTER-AIDED ENGINEERING, Issue 1 2003A. A. Moulthrop Abstract Time-domain waveform measurements of wideband modulated signals, although attractive for communication systems modeling applications, have until now lacked the required accuracy for quantitative analysis. New developments described here enhance the accuracy of these measurements, enabling their application to communication system characterization and modeling. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 13: 32,39, 2003. [source] Lyme borreliosis , an updateJOURNAL DER DEUTSCHEN DERMATOLOGISCHEN GESELLSCHAFT, Issue 5 2007Elisabeth Aberer Summary Lyme borreliosis is the most common tick-borne, infectious disease in the northern hemisphere. Disease manifestations in the United States and Europe vary as a result of geographic distribution of different species within the genospecies Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, which in turn are host-specific. Certain toxigenic B. burgdorferi strains cause early disseminated disease. The ability of Borrelial organisms to break down the extracellular matrix also promotes dissemination. B. burgdorferi are eliminated by complement-mediated lysis and by T and B cell activity of the specific immune response. Yet, B. burgdorferi can evade humoral immunity by means of type of protective mechanism by which it adheres to the proteoglycan decorin in the joints and skin. A further factor in the persistence of the pathogen is altered antigen expression. Re-infection usually occurs with a different strain, although repeated infection with the same strain is also possible after a certain period of latency. New developments in serologic testing include the use of recombinant native antigen as well as antigens produced in vivo such as VlsE (variable major protein-like sequence, expressed) or decorin-binding protein A. Diagnosis continues to be complicated by seropositivity of healthy individuals, the persistence of antibodies after therapy, and a lacking humoral immune response in patients with erythema migrans. [source] New developments in the characterization of dislocation loops from LACBED patternsJOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY, Issue 3 2006J. P. MORNIROLI Summary The characterization of the Burgers vector of dislocations from large-angle convergent-beam electron diffraction (LACBED) patterns is now a well-established method. The method has already been applied to relatively large and isolated dislocation loops in semiconductors. Nevertheless, some severe experimental difficulties are encountered with small dislocation loops. By using a 2 µm selected-area aperture and a carbon contamination point to mark the loop of interest, we were able to characterize both the plane and the Burgers vector of dislocation loops of a few tens of nanometres in size present in Al-Cu-Mg alloys. [source] New developments in nonlinear spectroscopy: ECONOS meeting in St. PetersburgJOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY, Issue 6 2008A. M. Zheltikov Abstract The sixth European Conference on Nonlinear Optical Spectroscopy(ECONOS) took place in St. Petersburg, Russia, in May 2007. This special issue includes ten contributions from ECONOS authors, presenting the latest developments and achievements in nonlinear optical spectroscopy. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] New developments in non-linear optical spectroscopyJOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY, Issue 6 2006P. P. Radi Abstract This paper gives a brief summary of the proceedings of the European Conference on Non-Linear Optical Spectroscopy (ECONOS 2005) held at the University of Oxford, United Kingdom, from April 10 to 12, 2005. It demonstrates the progress made in recent years in this research area. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] New developments in incretin-based therapies: The current state of the fieldJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF NURSE PRACTITIONERS, Issue 2009CDE Diabetes Nurse Educator, Carolyn Robertson APRN Abstract Purpose: To update readers on developments in incretin therapies since the previous JAANP supplement in 2007; specifically, to describe clinical data for currently available incretin-based therapies as well as those under consideration by regulatory agencies. Data source: Medline search for peer-reviewed publications. Conclusions: Incretin-based therapies have pharmacologic properties that avoid some key limitations of previous treatments, such as hypoglycemia and weight gain. Certain agents also lower blood pressure and have the potential to reduce cardiovascular risk. The insulin-secreting action of incretin-based therapies only occurs under hyperglycemic conditions, thus minimizing the risk of hypoglycemia, unless combined with a sulfonylurea. The DPP-4 inhibitors are orally administered and demonstrate modest A1c reductions (0.6%,0.8%); the best results occur when combined with metformin. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists liraglutide and exenatide have shown greater A1c reductions (typically , 1.1% and as high as 1.7%), and these agents have beneficial ancillary effects, including weight and systolic blood pressure reduction. Both DPP-4 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists have shown the ability to improve pancreatic beta-cell function in early studies. Implications for practice: Data are provided on the efficacy and tolerability of approved incretin therapies, and on treatments currently in regulatory review, in order to inform readers and guide their practice. [source] New developments in natural products-based anti-AIDS research,MEDICINAL RESEARCH REVIEWS, Issue 1 2007Donglei Yu Abstract This review discusses anti-HIV natural products from several compound classes, including terpenoids, coumarins, alkaloids, polyphenols, tannins, and flavonoids. Natural products can provide novel anti-AIDS chemotherapeutic leads that are structurally unique or have new mechanisms of action. The drug discovery and development process proceeds from bioactivity-directed isolation and identification of a promising lead natural product, followed by rational design-based structural modification and structure,activity relationship analyses to optimize the lead compound as a drug candidate. This process is notably exemplified by the discovery of the modified betulinic acid derivative, DSB [PA-457], which is currently in Phase II clinical trial and is the first-in-class HIV maturation inhibitor (MI). © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 27, No. 1, 108,132, 2007 [source] New developments in the chemistry and biology of the bioactive constituents of tanshen,MEDICINAL RESEARCH REVIEWS, Issue 1 2007Xihong Wang Abstract Tanshen, the rhizome of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, has been used in Chinese traditional medicine (TCM) for multiple therapeutic remedies. The major constituents of Tanshen include water-soluble phenolic acids and lipophilic tanshinones. Phenolic acids possess antioxidant and anticoagulant activities, whereas tanshinones show antibacterial, antioxidant, and antineoplastic activities. This review will focus on recent developments concerning the chemical constituents of Tanshen and their biological activities. These chemical and biological studies continue to increase our understanding about a scientific basis for the traditional clinical use of Tanshen and can also contribute to the development of new drug candidates. Recently, in the author's laboratory, a new compound, neo-tanshinlactone, was discovered to have potent selective antibreast cancer activity. This compound might serve as a lead for developing promising antibreast cancer clinical trials candidates. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 27, No. 1, 133,148, 2007 [source] New developments of brain imaging for Parkinson's disease and related disorders,MOVEMENT DISORDERS, Issue 12 2006Paola Piccini MD Abstract Parkinson's disease (PD) and related disorders are subcortical degenerations targeting the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system and basal ganglia. Traditionally, MRI has been used to detect structural and positron emission tomography and single emission computed tomography functional neurochemical and metabolic changes associated with these disorders. Recently, advances in diffusion-weighted MRI, ultrasonography, and radiotracer-based imaging have yielded greater sensitivity for revealing structural change and allowed detection of changes in brain dopamine levels after levodopa and during behavioral tasks. This review focuses on these recent advances in neuroimaging technology and their use for the diagnosis and assessment of PD and other parkinsonian disorders. © 2006 Movement Disorder Society [source] New developments in insecticide resistance in the glasshouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) and the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) in the UKPEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE (FORMERLY: PESTICIDE SCIENCE), Issue 2 2002Kevin Gorman Abstract A recent survey of insecticide resistance in two of the most problematic pests in UK glasshouses revealed some new developments. At least some individuals in all UK samples of Trialeurodes vaporariorum that were tested resisted the insect growth regulator (IGR) buprofezin. The most strongly resistant strains were unaffected by the field application rate of this compound, and even samples from populations that had never been exposed to buprofezin contained individuals that survived the highest concentration applied (10,000,mg,litre,1). The field rate of buprofezin was shown to select for resistance through vapour action alone. The benzophenylurea teflubenzuron, an unrelated IGR, was cross-resisted by buprofezin-resistant individuals. There was no evidence of resistance to imidacloprid, but all T vaporariorum strains tested, regardless of origin, exhibited a high innate tolerance to nicotine, when compared with another whitefly species, Bemisia tabaci. Marked resistance to fenbutatin oxide and tebufenpyrad was found in single glasshouse populations of Tetranychus urticae, but these compounds and abamectin appeared to remain highly effective against all other strains collected. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||