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New Construction (new + construction)
Selected AbstractsSynthesis of 5-Methylindole-4,7-quinone Through a New Construction of the Functionalized Indole Ring Based on the Allene-Mediated Electrocyclic Reaction Involving the Pyrrole[b]-Bond.CHEMINFORM, Issue 50 2004Maho Hirayama Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text. [source] Synthesis of 5,6-dihydro-2-trifluoromethyl-1,4-dioxin-3-carboxanilides through polymer-bound activated ester: Construction of dihydro-1,4-dioxin,JOURNAL OF HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 4 2000Heduck Mah A new construction of dihydro-1,4-dioxin and a synthesis of 5,6-dihydro-2-trifluoromethyl-1,4-dioxin-3-carboxanilides 22 through polymer-bound activated ester are described. An intermediate ,-hydroxy ether 18 was prepared from the substitution reaction of ,-thio-,-chloro compound 8 with ethylene glycol followed by treatment with Raney Ni. Replacement of hydroxy by chlorine and then dehydrochlorination afforded trifluoromethyl dihydro-1,4-dioxin ester 15. The polymer-bound trifluoromethyl dihydro-1,4-dioxin-3-carboxylic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-nitrobenzophenone ester (21) was prepared through the reaction of polystyrene-bound 4-hydroxy-3-nitrobenzophenone (19) with the trifluoromethyl dihydro-1,4-dioxin-3-carbonyl chloride (20). Refluxing of 21 with substituted aniline in acetonitrile gave the corresponding carboxanilide 22. The reaction rate depended on the nucleophilicity of nitrogen of the aniline. [source] A simple construction of representable relation algebras with non-representable completionsMLQ- MATHEMATICAL LOGIC QUARTERLY, Issue 3 2009Tarek Sayed Ahmed Abstract We give a simple new construction of representable relation algebras with non-representable completions. Using variations on our construction, we show that the elementary closure of the class of completely representable relation algebras is not finitely axiomatizable (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] Contemporary Issues in Student Housing FinanceNEW DIRECTIONS FOR STUDENT SERVICES, Issue 103 2003Mary Ann Ryan This chapter presents contemporary financial issues in student housing programs framed through the topical areas of occupancy management, facilities, new construction, residential life programs, technology, and residential dining. [source] Does the Theory of Irreversible Investments Help Explain Movements in Office,Commercial Construction?REAL ESTATE ECONOMICS, Issue 4 2000Rena Sivitanidou Focusing on the relevance of the modern investment theory in explaining movements in office,commercial construction, we attempt to advance existing empirical work in two respects. First, building on recent theoretical advances, we offer an extended empirical model of new construction that takes into account the full opportunity cost of irreversible investments in uncertain environments. Second, using updated time series of office,commercial construction across the nation's largest markets, we empirically estimate such a model to (i) explore investment behavior during 1982,1998 and (ii) detect differences, if any, in such behavior between the pre- and post-recession years. Our empirical findings are fully consistent with the theory of irreversible investments. Such findings highlight both the relevance and the relative importance of uncertainty in underlying demand factors in shaping movements in office,commercial construction, while pointing altogether to more cautionary investment behavior during the post-recession years. [source] Green Footstep: A Tool for Evaluating a Building's Life-Cycle Carbon Footprint and Informing Carbon Decisions During the Building Design ProcessARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, Issue 3 2010Michael Bendewald Abstract The Green Footstep model provides a valuable set of metrics for ecodesign and masterplanning. Here Michael Bendewald and Victor Olgyay of the Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI), with Ken Yeang, describe the significance of this new online tool. In addition to supplying the basis for balancing the built environment's engineering systems, the Green Footstep enables efficiency with the use of renewable energy systems, such as photovoltaics (illustrated here). By presenting the critical case for increasing the percentage of new vegetation and trees in new developments, it enhances local biodiversity. Carbon emissions are offset from: on-site clearance of vegetation, the disturbance of the many constituents of the local ecosystem and the removal of organic rich soil by new construction. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] How Known Constructions Influence the Acquisition of Other Constructions: The German Passive and Future ConstructionsCOGNITIVE SCIENCE - A MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL, Issue 6 2006Kirsten Abbot-Smith Abstract This article suggests evidence for and reasons why prior acquisition may either facilitate or inhibit acquisition of a new construction. It investigates acquisition of the German passive and future constructions which contain a lexical verb with either the auxiliary sein "to be" or werden "to become", and are related through these to potential supporting constructions. We predicted that a supported construction should be acquired earlier, faster, and unusually rapidly. An inhibited construction should show an extended depressed usage. We analyzed a dense corpus of a German boy between 2;0 and 5;0. He acquired the sein- before the werden-passive. The former was supported by his prior acquisition of the sein copula, whereas the werden-passive itself supported one werden copula construction. He acquired the werden-future extremely slowly due to the hindrance of a semantically identical construction. These results fit with an emergentist approach in which apparently "sudden" acquisition is still due to gradual learning mechanisms. [source] Decay of correlations and the central limit theorem for meromorphic mapsCOMMUNICATIONS ON PURE & APPLIED MATHEMATICS, Issue 5 2006Tien-Cuong Dinh Let f be a dominant meromorphic self-map of large topological degree on a compact Kähler manifold. We give a new construction of the equilibrium measure , of f and prove that , is exponentially mixing. As a consequence, we get the central limit theorem in particular for Hölder-continuous observables, but also for noncontinuous observables. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] On the Floer homology of cotangent bundlesCOMMUNICATIONS ON PURE & APPLIED MATHEMATICS, Issue 2 2006Alberto Abbondandolo This paper concerns Floer homology for periodic orbits and for a Lagrangian intersection problem on the cotangent bundle T* M of a compact orientable manifold M. The first result is a new L, estimate for the solutions of the Floer equation, which allows us to deal with a larger,and more natural,class of Hamiltonians. The second and main result is a new construction of the isomorphism between the Floer homology and the singular homology of the free loop space of M in the periodic case, or of the based loop space of M in the Lagrangian intersection problem. The idea for the construction of such an isomorphism is to consider a Hamiltonian that is the Legendre transform of a Lagrangian on T M and to construct an isomorphism between the Floer complex and the Morse complex of the classical Lagrangian action functional on the space of W1,2 free or based loops on M. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] Grundlagen des Lebensdauermanagements im KraftwerksbauBETON- UND STAHLBETONBAU, Issue 7 2010Tobias Pfister Dr.-Ing. Allgemeines; Bauwerkserhaltung/Sanierung; Bauwerksüberwachung Abstract Der Begriff des "Lebensdauermanagements" rückt im Kraftwerksbau auch bei der Planung von Neubauten verstärkt in das Blickfeld der Betreiber. Darüber hinaus werden für Bestandsbauwerke unter dem Einfluss von Laufzeitverlängerungen Maßnahmen erforderlich, die die Restlebensdauer zuverlässig bewerten und sicherstellen können. Der vorliegende Beitrag zeichnet die rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen nach, aus denen sich das Erfordernis eines aktiven Lebensdauermanagements ergibt und stellt die Vorgehensweise und grundlegenden Elemente einer derartigen begleitenden Überwachungsstrategie dar. Fundamentals of Lifetime Management in Power Plants The concept of "lifetime management" moves more and more into the focus of power plant owners, also in the context of new constructions. Additionally, for existing buildings there is a demand for methods, which are able to estimate the remaining lifetime in a reliable way. The present contribution collocates the legal general conditions, which lead to a requirement of an active lifetime management, and presents the procedure and basic elements of such an accompanying inspection strategy. [source] Outcome of Oral Implant Treatment in Partially Edentulous Jaws Followed 20 Years in Clinical FunctionCLINICAL IMPLANT DENTISTRY AND RELATED RESEARCH, Issue 4 2006Odont Dr/PhD, Ulf Lekholm DDS ABSTRACT Background:, Most long-term follow-up studies of implants in partially edentulous jaws present their outcomes as mean values of implant survival and follow-up time, and few address the fate of the remaining teeth. Purpose:, The aim of this study was to investigate the results of oral implant treatment in partially edentulous jaws after 20 years, and simultaneously to assess what happens to teeth present at the time of implant placement. Materials and Methods:, Seventeen partially edentulous patients, of 27 originally treated individuals, were retrospectively reviewed after receiving implants from 1983 to 1985. The parameters studied were implant survival, prosthesis stability, marginal bone loss at teeth and implants, treatment complications, need for dental treatment, and patient's satisfaction with the outcome. Results:, The cumulative survival rate was 91%, when all 27 patients were assessed, that is, including the 10 dropouts. Of the 69 inserted and followed implants (Brånemark system®; Nobel Biocare AB, Göteborg, Sweden), six failed (8.7%) during the 20-year period, four during the first decade, and the remaining two during the second. A majority (n=4) of the losses were due to implant fractures, two after 8 years, and two after 17 years. In all, 10 of the original fixed bridges being followed (n=24) remained in function during the entire investigation period, whereas 12 were exchanged for new constructions after an average of 7 years. The mean marginal bone loss at teeth was 0.7 mm, and at implants it was 1.0 mm. The major complication observed during the second decade was veneer material fractures, which occurred 14 times in six patients. Component loosening and abutment- and bridge-locking screw fractures were the second most common problems seen, indicating material/component fatigue. Most patients were satisfied with their treatment and many mentioned that they did not think of the constructions as anything but a part of their own body. Conclusion:, Over the decades, treatment of partially edentulous jaws with turned titanium implants seems to function well and to provide patients with good support for fixed short-span bridge constructions. [source] | |||||||||||||