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New Architecture (new + architecture)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Engineering	88%

Selected Abstracts

Multiple animated characters motion fusion

COMPUTER ANIMATION AND VIRTUAL WORLDS (PREV: JNL OF VISUALISATION & COMPUTER ANIMATION), Issue 5 2002
Luo Zhongxiang
Abstract One of the major problems of the motion capture-based computer animation technique is the relatively high cost of equipment and low reuse rate of data. To overcome this problem, many motion-editing methods have been developed. However, most of them can only handle one character whose motions are preset, and hence cannot interact with its environment automatically. In this paper, we construct a new architecture of multiple animated character motion fusion, which not only enables the characters to perceive and respond to the virtual environment, but also allows them to interact with each other. We will also discuss in detail the key issues, such as motion planning, coordination of multiple animated characters and generation of vivid continuous motions. Our experimental results will further testify to the effectiveness of the new methodology. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

The design of supervisory rule-based control in the operating theatre via an anaesthesia simulator

EXPERT SYSTEMS, Issue 1 2002
M. Mahfouf
The development of online drug administration strategies in operating theatres represents a highly safety-critical situation. The usefulness of different levels of simulation prior to clinical trials has been shown in previous studies in muscle relaxant anaesthesia. Thus, in earlier work on predictive self-tuning control for muscle relaxation a dual computer real-time simulation was undertaken, subsequent to algorithm validation via off-line simulation. In the present approach a supervised rule-based control algorithm is used. The control software was implemented on the actual machine to be used in theatre, while another computer acted as a real-time patient simulator. This set-up has further advantages of providing accurate timing and also finite data accuracy via the ADC/DAC interface, or the equivalent digital lines. Also, it provides for controller design fast simulation studies compared to the real-time application. In this paper, a new architecture which combines several hierarchical levels for control (a Mamdani-type fuzzy controller), adaptation (self-organizing fuzzy logic control) and performance monitoring (fault detection, isolation and accommodation) is developed and applied to a computer real-time simulation platform for muscle relaxant anaesthesia. Experimental results showed that the proposed algorithm fulfilled successfully the requirements for autonomy, i.e. automatic control, adaptation and supervision, and proved effective in dealing with the faults and disturbances which are normally encountered in operating theatres during surgery. [source]

gm -Extraction for rail-to-rail input stage linearization

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIRCUIT THEORY AND APPLICATIONS, Issue 6 2005
F. Palma
Abstract Transconductance of rail-to-rail input stages in low-voltage operational amplifiers depends on the presence of a large common mode input signal. Corrections must be implemented in order to correct it. Nevertheless, techniques actually used, based on switching or feedforward, still give relevant deviation from the constant transconductance condition. In this paper we present a new architecture based on extraction and feedback to the gain control, directly of the value of the transconductance of the amplifier to be controlled. This quantity does not contain the signal to be amplified, and thus once fed back, it does not affect the overall stage gain. A ,reciprocal' circuit, which performs the 1/x mathematical function, is introduced in order to achieve this extraction. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Dynamic power management in new architecture of wireless sensor networks

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS, Issue 6 2009
Chuan Lin
Abstract Dynamic power management (DPM) technology has been widely used in sensor networks. Though many specific technical challenges remain and deserve much further study, the primary factor currently limiting progress in sensor networks is not these challenges but is instead the lack of an overall sensor network architecture. In this paper, we first develop a new architecture of sensor networks. Then we modify the sleep state policy developed by Sinha and Chandrakasan in (IEEE Design Test Comput. 2001; 18(2):62,74) and deduce that a new threshold satisfies the sleep-state transition policy. Under this new architecture, nodes in deeper sleep states consume lower energy while asleep, but require longer delays and higher latency costs to awaken. Implementing DPM with considering the battery status and probability of event generation will reduce the energy consumption and prolong the whole lifetime of the sensor networks. We also propose a new energy-efficient DPM, which is a modified sleep state policy and combined with optimal geographical density control (OGDC) (Wireless Ad Hoc Sensor Networks 2005; 1(1,2):89,123) to keep a minimal number of sensor nodes in the active mode in wireless sensor networks. Implementing dynamic power management with considering the battery status, probability of event generation and OGDC will reduce the energy consumption and prolong the whole lifetime of the sensor networks. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Fault tolerance in Clos,Knockout multicast ATM switch

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS, Issue 9 2002
K. S. Chan
Abstract In this paper, we propose a new architecture for multicast ATM switches with fault tolerant capability based on the Clos,Knockout switch. In the new architecture, each stage has one more redundant switch module. If one switch module is faulty, the redundant module would replace the faulty one. On the other hand, under the fault-free condition, the redundant modules in the second and third stages will provide additional alternative internal paths, and hence improve the performance. The performance analysis shows that the cell loss probability is lower than the original architecture when all modules are fault free, and the reliability of the original architecture is improved. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Parameter optimization for a PEMFC model with a hybrid genetic algorithm

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH, Issue 8 2006
Zhi-Jun Mo
Abstract Many steady-state models of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) have been developed and published in recent years. However, models which are easy to be solved and feasible for engineering applications are few. Moreover, rarely the methods for parameter optimization of PEMFC stack models were discussed. In this paper, an electrochemical-based fuel cell model suitable for engineering optimization is presented. Parameters of this PEMFC model are determined and optimized by means of a niche hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA) by using stack output-voltage, stack demand current, anode pressure and cathode pressure as input,output data. This genetic algorithm is a modified method for global optimization. It provides a new architecture of hybrid algorithms, which organically merges the niche techniques and Nelder,Mead's simplex method into genetic algorithms (GAs). Calculation results of this PEMFC model with optimized parameters agreed with experimental data well and show that this model can be used for the study on the PEMFC steady-state performance, is broader in applicability than the earlier steady-state models. HGA is an effective and reliable technique for optimizing the model parameters of PEMFC stack. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Intensity of Scrutiny and a Good Eyeful Architecture and Transparency

JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURAL EDUCATION, Issue 4 2003
NIGEL WHITELEY
During the period of the "new architecture" in the 1910s and 1920s, transparency was remarkable, a sign of modernity and progress that was not just technical, but also aesthetic and ethical. However, it changed with consumer capitalism in the 1950s and 60s, and underwent further transformations in the 1990s. This essay sketches some of the key changes and shows, first, how something initially associated with honesty rapidly became problematic once the power of the gaze was noticed and, second, that ambivalence characterizes our contemporary response to a transparency associated with both scrutiny and voyeurism. [source]

Next-Generation Architecture to Support Simulation-Based Acquisition

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL, Issue 4 2000
Dr. B. Chadha
ABSTRACT The ability to make good design decisions early is a significant driver for simulation-based acquisition to effectively lower life-cycle cost and cycle time. Building virtual prototypes, enabling one to analyze the impact of decisions, achieves effective simulation-based acquisition processes. Virtual prototypes need to support a comprehensive set of analyses that will be performed on the product; hence, all aspects of product data and behavior need to be represented. Building virtual prototypes of complex systems being designed by a multi-organizational team requires new architectural concepts and redesigned processes. Implementation of these new architectures is complex and leveraging commercial technologies is necessary to achieve feasible solutions. One must also carefully consider the state of the current commercial technologies and frameworks as well as the organizational and cultural aspects of organizations that use these systems. This paper describes key architectural principles that one must address for a cost-effective implementation. The paper then discusses key architectural concepts and trade-offs that are necessary to support virtual prototypes of complex systems. [source]