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Needle Used (needle + used)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Influence of needle size on metabolic control and patient acceptance

EUROPEAN DIABETES NURSING, Issue 2 2007
G Kreugel RN, MSc Clinical Nurse Specialist in Diabetes
Abstract Aim: To investigate whether the length of the needle used for intermittent subcutaneous insulin administration affects metabolic control, injection-related side effects and patient preference. Method: In a crossover study, 68 patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, body mass index , 18 kg/m2, were randomised into two groups; 52 patients completed the trial. Patients in group A used a 5 mm needle for their insulin injections over a period of 13 weeks, then switched to a longer needle (8 or 12 mm). Patients in group B used the needles in reverse order. Patients were re-assessed at 26 weeks. Primary endpoints were insulin doses, and frequency and severity of hypoglycaemic events. Secondary endpoints were patient preference and frequency of injection-related bruising, bleeding, insulin leakage and pain. Results: A total of 52 patients completed the study. No change in the mean glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level was found in group B (baseline, 7.41%; 13 weeks, 7.38%; 26 weeks, 7.34%), whereas a small but significant rise in mean HbA1c level was observed in group A after returning to the longer needle (baseline, 7.67%; 13 weeks, 7.65%; 26 weeks, 7.87%: p<0.05). There were no significant changes in the amount of insulin injected, frequency or severity of hypoglycaemic events or insulin leakage in either group. The 5 mm needle was associated with a significant decrease in bleeding, bruising and pain (p<0.05). Most patients (86%) showed a preference for the 5 mm needle (p<0.05).Conclusion: For insulin injection, a 5 mm needle length is associated with unchanged HbA1c levels, unchanged frequency or severity of hypoglycaemic events and less discomfort for patients compared with 8 or 12 mm needles. The use of 5 mm needles is as safe as 8 or 12 mm needles. Further research is advisable involving thin and obese patients using 5 mm needles, in order for shorter needles to be recommended as standard practice. Copyright © 2007 FEND [source]

Complications and limitations related to periprostatic local anesthesia before TRUS-guided prostate biopsy

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND, Issue 2 2008
Ahmet T. Turgut MD
Abstract Purpose To assess the frequency of complications specifically related to local anesthetic infiltration prior to transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided prostate biopsy. Methods A total of 200 patients receiving 10 cm3 (5 cm3 on each side) of 2% lidocaine injected around the periprostatic nerve plexus under TRUS guidance before prostate biopsy were included. Various complications presumed to be associated with local anesthesia were noted during and after the biopsy procedure. Two weeks later, periprostatic tissue integrity and vascularization were re-examined with TRUS Doppler examination to assess for fibrosis or infection. Results The most common finding was pain due to puncture with the needle used for local anesthesia (27%). Also recorded were the need for repeated injections during the biopsy procedure (4.5%), symptoms associated with systemic lidocaine toxicity (2%), urinary incontinence (1.5%), and degradation of the image resolution due to anesthetic injection (1%). Increased vascularization within the periprostatic region was uncommon (2%) on the 2-week follow-up examination. No TRUS finding consistent with rectal wall hematoma or other periprostatic change and no erectile dysfunction associated with the procedure occurred. There was a significant difference in overall pain scores between the subgroups of patients (p < 0.001). Conclusion TRUS-guided periprostatic nerve blockade is an effective method for relieving discomfort from prostate biopsy with very few complications. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2008 [source]

Peribulbar blockade with a short needle for phacoemulsification surgery

ACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 2 2009
W. RIAD
Background: Peribulbar blockade is still widely used for phacoemulsification surgery. The potential complications of this technique include central spread, globe perforation and retrobulbar hemorrhage. The 25 mm needle is the most common needle used to perform the block. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the efficacy of a 12.5 mm needle in performing peribulbar blockade for phacoemulsification surgery. Methods: After obtaining the hospital research and the Human Ethics Committees' approval, 200 patients undergoing the phacoemulsification procedure under local anesthesia were enrolled in this descriptive study. Peribulbar blockade was performed with a 27 G, 12.5-mm-long needle. The needle was inserted transcutaneously through the lower eyelid into the inferotemporal quadrant. Digital pressure was applied by the thumb and index fingers around the needle hub during injection. After negative aspiration, a local anesthetic solution was injected until total drop of the upper eyelid was achieved. Ocular akinesia was assessed 10 min after the block using the simple akinesia score. A score of 3 or less was accepted to provide adequate analgesia for the surgical procedure to be performed. If the block was inadequate for surgery after 10 min, supplementary anesthesia was provided using the same needle. Results: Adequate analgesia after the first injection was reported in 90.5% of the patients while 9.5% required supplementary anesthesia. There were no major sight or life-threatening complications. Conclusion: Using a 12.5-mm-long needle for peribulbar blockade produced satisfactory results. This technique is effective for phacoemulsification surgery. [source]

Measurement of pressure and flow rates during irrigation of a root canal ex vivo with three endodontic needles

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL, Issue 7 2007
C. Boutsioukis
Abstract Aim, To monitor ex vivo intra-canal irrigation with three endodontic needles (25, 27 and 30 gauge) and compare them in terms of irrigant flow rate, intra-barrel pressure, duration of irrigation and volume of irrigant delivered. Methodology, A testing system was constructed to allow measurement of selected variables with pressure and displacement transducers during ex vivo intra-canal irrigation with a syringe and three different needles (groups A, B, C) into a prepared root canal. Ten specialist endodontists performed the irrigation procedure. Each operator performed ten procedures with each needle. Data recorded by the transducers were analysed using Friedman's test, Wilcoxon Signed Rank test, Mann,Whitney U -test and Kendall's Tb test. The level of significance was set to 95%. Results, Significant differences were detected among the three needles for most variables. Duration of delivery and flow rates significantly decreased as the needle diameter increased, whilst pressure increased up to 400,550 kPa. Gender of the operator had a significant impact on the results. Experience of the operators (years) were negatively correlated to volume of irrigant (all groups), to the duration of delivery (groups A, B) and to the average flow rate (group A). Conclusions, Finer diameter needles require increased effort to deliver the irrigant and result in higher intra-barrel pressure. The syringe and needles used tolerated the pressure developed. Irrigant flow rate should be considered as a factor directly influencing flow beyond the needle. Wide variations of flow rate were observed among operators. Syringe irrigation appears difficult to standardize and control. [source]