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Neutropenic Mice (neutropenic + mouse)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

Neutropenia alters lung cytokine production in mice and reduces their susceptibility to pulmonary cryptococcosis

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 6 2003

Abstract Neutrophils are generally considered to contribute to host defense through their potent microbicidal activity. However, there is accumulating evidence that neutrophils also have an important regulatory role in establishing the balance of Th1 and Th2 responses. This study investigated the role of neutrophils in defense against pulmonary Cryptococcus neoformans infection using neutrophil-depleted BALB/c mice generated by administering mAb RB6,8C5. Neutropenic mice with pulmonary infection survived significantly longer than control mice, but there was no difference between groups infected intravenously. On day,1 of infection, neutropenic mice had significantly smaller fungal burdens than control mice. On day,7, neutropenic mice had significantly higher lung concentrations of IL-10, TNF-,, IL-4, and IL-12 than control mice, but there was no difference in IFN-, and MCP-1 levels. Neutrophils influenced the outcome of cryptococcal infection in mice through mechanisms that did not involve a reduction in early fungal burden. The absence of neutrophils in lung tissue during the initial stages of infection appeared to alter the inflammatory response in a manner thatwas subsequently beneficial to the host. Higher levels of Th1- and Th2-associated cytokines in neutropenic mice could have simultaneously promoted a strong cellular response while reducing inflammatory damage to the lung. Our results support the emerging concept that neutrophils play an important function in modulating the development of the immune response. [source]

A link between neutrophils and chronic disease manifestations of Chlamydia muridarum urogenital infection of mice

FEMS IMMUNOLOGY & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 1 2010
Hyo Y. Lee
Abstract Vigorous acute inflammatory responses accompany Chlamydia muridarum infections in mice and are positively correlated with adverse urogenital and respiratory tract infection outcomes in the mouse model. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that neutrophils induce an acute inflammatory insult that, in the repair phase, leads to the chronic sequelae of hydrosalpinx , a surrogate marker of infertility in the mouse model. To this end, we induced neutropenia in mice using a neutrophil-depleting monoclonal antibody during acute phases of C. muridarum urogenital infection only (days 2,21 postinfection). To prove induced neutropenia, peripheral blood was monitored for neutrophils during the treatment regimen. Neutropenic mice had a similar infection course as control mice, but had significantly reduced levels of certain histopathological parameters, reduced production of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and reduced rates of hydrosalpinx following resolution of the infection. We conclude that neutrophils are a major source of MMP-9, a previously proved pathological factor in this model. Further, we conclude that acute inflammation in the form of neutrophils and neutrophil activation products are at least partially responsible for inducing the histological changes that ultimately result in fibrosis and infertility in the mouse model of chlamydial upper genital tract disease. [source]

Neutropenia alters lung cytokine production in mice and reduces their susceptibility to pulmonary cryptococcosis

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 6 2003

Abstract Neutrophils are generally considered to contribute to host defense through their potent microbicidal activity. However, there is accumulating evidence that neutrophils also have an important regulatory role in establishing the balance of Th1 and Th2 responses. This study investigated the role of neutrophils in defense against pulmonary Cryptococcus neoformans infection using neutrophil-depleted BALB/c mice generated by administering mAb RB6,8C5. Neutropenic mice with pulmonary infection survived significantly longer than control mice, but there was no difference between groups infected intravenously. On day,1 of infection, neutropenic mice had significantly smaller fungal burdens than control mice. On day,7, neutropenic mice had significantly higher lung concentrations of IL-10, TNF-,, IL-4, and IL-12 than control mice, but there was no difference in IFN-, and MCP-1 levels. Neutrophils influenced the outcome of cryptococcal infection in mice through mechanisms that did not involve a reduction in early fungal burden. The absence of neutrophils in lung tissue during the initial stages of infection appeared to alter the inflammatory response in a manner thatwas subsequently beneficial to the host. Higher levels of Th1- and Th2-associated cytokines in neutropenic mice could have simultaneously promoted a strong cellular response while reducing inflammatory damage to the lung. Our results support the emerging concept that neutrophils play an important function in modulating the development of the immune response. [source]

Co-administration of immunomodulator tuftsin and liposomised nystatin can combat less susceptible Candida albicans infection in temporarily neutropenic mice

FEMS IMMUNOLOGY & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 3 2004
Masood A Khan
Abstract In order to develop a prospective chemotherapeutic agent against opportunistic infections, it is important to know that host factors such as degree of immunological debility as well as recovery of immune functions to normality may contribute significantly to a successful elimination of the pathogens. We demonstrated previously that concomitant delivery of antimicrobial agents and immunomodulators to the pathogen harbouring-host contributes to the complete elimination of the deep-seated fungal infections (aspergillosis and candidiasis) in animals with normal immune status. Considering that neutropenic hosts are the main targets of such infections, it can be argued about the potential of the immunomodulator-based therapy in subjects with non-functional immune system. To resolve the hypothesis, we studied the role of immunomodulator tuftsin against experimental murine candidiasis in temporarily neutropenic Balb/c mice. The neutropenic mice were challenged with an isolate of Candida albicans that was showing less susceptibility to both free and liposomised-amphotericin B. The co-administration of tuftsin increased the efficiency of liposomised-polyene antibiotics (nystatin and amphotericin B) against experimental murine candidiasis in immunocompromised Balb/c mice. Pretreatment with liposomised tuftsin prior to C. albicans infection clearly enhanced protection against candidiasis, suggesting a prophylactic role of tuftsin in normal and temporarily neutropenic animals. [source]