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Neurodevelopmental Disabilities (neurodevelopmental + disabilities)
Selected AbstractsNeurodevelopmental outcomes of premature infants treated with l -arginine for prevention of necrotising enterocolitisJOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH, Issue 4 2009Harish J Amin Aim: This study aimed to compare the long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes at 36 months adjusted age in preterm infants (birth weight , 1250 gm) who received supplementation with l -arginine during the first 28 days of life with controls. Methods: Surviving infants enrolled in a randomised control study of l -arginine supplementation were prospectively followed longitudinally to determine their neurodevelopmental outcomes at 36 months of adjusted age. Neurologic examination and neurodevelopmental assessments were performed by examiners who were unaware of the original treatment assignments. Results: A total of 132 children (95% of survivors) were evaluated at 36 months adjusted age. In the group given l -arginine, 5 of 61 (8.1%) had major neurodevelopmental disabilities, defined as the presence of one or more of cerebral palsy, cognitive delay (cognitive index <70), bilateral blindness or bilateral hearing loss requiring hearing aids as compared with 9 of 71 (12.6%) in the placebo group (relative risk, 0.64; 95 % confidence interval, 0.22,1.82; P= 0.40). Conclusions: There is no increase in neurodevelopmental disability in preterm infants who received l -arginine supplementation. [source] Twinning on the brain: The effect on neurodevelopmental outcomes,AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS, Issue 2 2009Thuy Mai Luu Abstract Twinning is currently considered a complex multifactorial trait. Few studies have explored how the unique genetic and environmental influences that create twinning affect phenotypes and outcomes. Previous data has shown that twins account for a significant proportion of preterm and low-birth-weight infants, who are at risk for long-term neurodevelopmental disabilities such as cerebral palsy and cognitive impairment. More recently, it has been postulated that even without these co-morbidities, twinning in and of itself may incur a neurodevelopmental disadvantage even among term newborns. The purpose of this review is to report primarily on neuromotor outcomes of twins compared to singletons. In addition, we describe specific environmental risk factors among twins which are associated with poorer outcomes. Several putative neurodevelopmental modulators are explored, including death of a co-twin, chorionicity, birth weight discordance, and twin-twin transfusion. By teasing out environmental influences that potentially influence neurocognitive outcomes, families can receive more specific counseling and developmental services can be provided to those twins at especially high risk. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Metabolic evaluation in neurodevelopmental disabilities,ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY, Issue 4 2009FRCP(c), Michael Shevell MD No abstract is available for this article. [source] The prognostic value of early aEEG in asphyxiated infants undergoing systemic hypothermia treatmentACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 4 2010B Hallberg Abstract Background:, Induced moderate hypothermia (HT) for 72 h has been shown to reduce the combined outcome of death or severe neurodevelopmental disabilities in asphyxiated full-term infants. A pathological amplitude integrated EEG background as early as 3,6 h after birth, has been shown to correlate to poor prognosis. Aim:, The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between amplitude integrated EEG during HT treatment and short-term outcome in asphyxiated full-term infants with moderate/severe hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy. Methods:, Between December 2006 and December 2007, 24 infants were treated with moderate HT (33.5°C for 72 h) using a cooling mattress. Motor functions were assessed at 4 and 12 months of age. Results:, Of the total birth cohort of 28,837 infants, 26 infants fulfilled the criteria for HT treatment (0.9/1000) of whom 23 was treated with HT and all of these infants had available amplitude integrated EEG data. Normal 1-year outcome was found in 10/15 infants with severely abnormal burst-suppression pattern or worse at 6 h of age. Severe abnormalities were found to be significantly predictive for abnormal outcome after 36 h. Conclusion:, Among asphyxiated infants treated with HT, only those who had aEEG abnormalities persisting at and beyond 24 h after birth showed poor neurological outcome at 1 year. [source] Passive induction of hypothermia during transport of asphyxiated infants: a risk of excessive coolingACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 6 2009Boubou Hallberg Abstract Background: Induced mild hypothermia is an emerging therapy that has been shown to reduce the combined outcome of death or severe neurodevelopmental disabilities in asphyxiated full-term infants if started within 6 h after birth. Aim: To study the feasibility and safety of inducing hypothermia in asphyxiated infants already at the referring hospital by stopping active warming. Methods: Temperatures during passive induction of hypothermia were prospectively collected from transported asphyxiated infants. Results: Between December 2006 and April 2008, 37 infants of the total birth cohort of 40 350 fulfilled the criteria for hypothermia treatment. Eighteen of 34 infants treated with induced hypothermia were outborn. The rectal temperatures of the infants were 33.0,36.4°C before transport and 31.0,36.5°C on arrival. Six of the infants had a sub-therapeutic (<33.0°C) rectal temperature on arrival. Conclusion: Passive induction of hypothermia by turning off active warming devices is possible, making an earlier start of hypothermia achievable. However, there is a substantial risk of unintended excessive cooling; therefore, continuous monitoring of the central temperature is mandatory when such a strategy is used. [source] | ||||||||||