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Negative Staphylococci (negative + staphylococcus)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences75%

Selected Abstracts

Evaluation of direct and indirect measures of quarter milk from crossbred buffaloes

ANIMAL SCIENCE JOURNAL, Issue 5 2008
Ishwari Prasad DHAKAL
ABSTRACT Somatic cell count (SCC), bacteriological findings and electrical conductivity (EC) were measured in milk from 216 quarters of 54 Murrah crossbred buffaloes for characterization of buffalo milk. Mean SCC in normal, subclinical and clinical mastitic milk was 171, 799 and 6039 × 103/mL, respectively. Coagulase negative Staphylococci (CNS) were the major organisms associated with subclinical mastitis, whereas CNS and coliforms were the predominant organisms in clinical mastitis. EC values were found to be significantly higher in buffalo milk with mammary infection. The best trade-off between sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing mastitis in buffaloes by EC score was found at the cut-off value of 3.7 mS/cm. The direct measures such as SCC, EC, bacteriological findings, and appearance of milk were found to be useful for the evaluation of udder health of buffaloes and categorization of milk. [source]

Bacteraemia in children in Iceland 1994,2005

ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 10 2010
Sigurđur Árnason
Abstract Aim:, To investigate the aetiology of bacteraemia in children in Iceland, the antibiotic resistance and possible preventive measures. Methods:, All positive bacterial blood cultures from children 0,18 years old isolated at Landspítali University Hospital Iceland from 1994 to 2005 were included in the study. Epidemiological and microbiological data were registered. The blood cultures were categorized according to likelihood of infection or contamination. Results:, During the study period 1253 positive blood cultures were obtained from 974 children; 647 from boys and 606 from girls. Positive blood cultures were most common during the first year of life (594; 47.4%) with 252 of them from neonates. Coagulase negative staphylococci were most common (37%). Of probable or definite infections Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most common (19.3%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (17.6%) and Neisseria meningitidis (13.5%). The most common pneumococcal serogroups were 23, 6, 7, 19 and 14. Commercially available vaccines contain up to 88% of all pneumococcal strains and 67% of all multi-resistant strains. N. meningitidis group C was not isolated after vaccinations were started in 2002. Conclusion:, Our study provides important epidemiological data on bacterial bloodstream infections in children in Iceland. The results demonstrate the excellent efficacy of meningococcal group C vaccination. [source]

Evaluation of the CLSI cefoxitin 30-µg disk-diffusion method for detecting methicillin resistance in staphylococci

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION, Issue 10 2006
L.-X. Zhu
Abstract Methicillin susceptibility of 415 staphylococcal isolates from Chinese hospitals was assessed using the CLSI disk-diffusion method with a cefoxitin 30-µg disk in comparison with an oxacillin 1-µg disk. PCR-based detection of mecA was the reference standard. The cefoxitin 30-µg disk performed with almost the same high level of accuracy as the oxacillin 1-µg disk in detecting methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. For coagulase,negative staphylococci (CoNS), the sensitivity of the cefoxitin 30-µg disk was 90.5%, compared with 83.4% for the oxacillin 1-µg disk. Confirmatory testing of isolates with borderline susceptibility and revision of the cefoxitin breakpoint are proposed in order to categorise CoNS more accurately. [source]

Predictive factors of visual outcome in acute post-cataract endophthalmitis

ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2009
A COMBEY-DE LAMBERT
Purpose To study potential clinical and microbiological predictive factors of visual outcome in patients with acute endophthalmitis following cataract surgery. Methods A prospective study included 100 patients in 4 University hospital.Factors related to the cataract surgery, the initial clinical presentation and the microbiological identification were analyzed according to the final visual outcome using univariate and multivariate (logistic regression) analysis. Results 46% out of the patients had a final visual acuity less than or equal to 0.3 logMar (good visual outcome) at 6 months while 10% had only light perceptions. Patients with good visual outcome differed for the duration of cataract surgery, initial visual acuity, the visibility of fundus and the identification of a coagulase negative staphylococcus. In contrast, patients with a poor visual outcome were older, had more cornea oedema and a more important hypopion at the admission, more complications at the time of cataract surgery. Furthermore a bacterium was more frequently identified in this latter group. Multivariate analysis showed that age, complications at the time of cataract surgery, microbiological identification, pars plana vitrectomy were independent predictive factors. Conclusion Factors of visual outcome in acute postcataract endophthalmitis identified in this prospective study were similar to that reported during the Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study 10 years ago. As part of the treatment, pars plana vitrectomy is associated with predictive factors of poor visual outcome. Identification of these predictive factors at presentation should allow a better management of patients needed an aggressive treatment. [source]