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Near-infrared Imaging (near-infrared + imaging)
Selected AbstractsNovel MRI and fluorescent probes responsive to the Factor XIII transglutaminase activityCONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING, Issue 4 2010Lorenzo Tei Abstract Transglutaminases, including factor XIII and tissue transglutaminase, participate in multiple extracellular processes associated with remodeling of the extracellular matrix during wound repair, blood clotting, tumor progression and fibrosis of ischemic injuries. The aim of this work was to evaluate a novel substrate analog for transglutaminase optimized by molecular modeling calculations (DCCP16), which can serve for molecular imaging of transglutaminase activity by magnetic resonance imaging and by near-infrared imaging. Experimental data showed covalent binding of Gd,DCCP16 and DCCP16-IRIS Blue to human clots, to basement membrane components and to casein in purified systems as well as in three-dimensional multicellular spheroids. In vivo, DCCP16 showed enhancement with a prolonged retention in clots and tumors, demonstrating the ability to detect both factor XIII and tissue transglutaminase mediated covalent binding of the contrast material. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Spatial near-infrared imaging of hydroxyl band coverage on ceria-based catalystsAICHE JOURNAL, Issue 4 2006Farid Aiouache Abstract High-throughput near-infrared imaging was used to distinguish catalyst activity for low-temperature methane steam-reforming. Geminal hydroxyls of reduced ceria were depicted during methane reforming at 673 K. The changes in absorbance maps under various water partial pressures showed evidence of formate intermediate formations without redox exchanges. Higher resolution was observed in absorbance change images than that of thermal images obtained from catalyst surface self-emissions. The experimental results illustrated higher activity of pure rhodium catalyst than that of bimetallic ones, likely because of the high dispersion of rhodium on the catalyst support. Moreover, the reaction was accelerated when high surface area silica was added because more reduced sites were exposed. Our filter bandwidths limited our interest in band-shift distribution of geminal hydroxyl band during the reduction process. © 2005 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2006 [source] Erratum: A census of the Wolf-Rayet content in Westerlund 1 from near-infrared imaging and spectroscopy,MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, Issue 1 2008Paul A. Crowther No abstract is available for this article. [source] The stellar mass density at z, 6 from Spitzer imaging of i,-drop galaxiesMONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, Issue 3 2007Laurence P. Eyles ABSTRACT We measure the ages, stellar masses, and star formation histories of z, 6 galaxies, observed within 1 Gyr of the big bang. We use imaging from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and the Spitzer Space Telescope from the public ,Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey' (GOODS), coupled with ground-based near-infrared imaging, to measure their spectral energy distributions (SEDs) from 0.8,5 ,m, spanning the rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) and optical. From our sample of ,50 ,i,-drop' Lyman-break star-forming galaxies in GOODS-South with z,AB < 27, we focus on ,30 with reliable photometric or spectroscopic redshifts. Half of these are confused with foreground sources at Spitzer resolution, but from the 16 with clean photometry we find that a surprisingly large fraction (40 per cent) have evidence for substantial Balmer/4000-Å spectral breaks. This indicates the presence of old underlying stellar populations that dominate the stellar masses. For these objects, we find ages of ,200,700 Myr, implying formation redshifts of 7 ,zf, 18, and large stellar masses in the range ,1,3 × 1010 M,. Analysis of seven i,-drops that are undetected at 3.6 ,m indicates that these are younger, considerably less massive systems. We calculate that emission line contamination should not severely affect our photometry or derived results. Using SED fits out to 8 ,m, we find little evidence for substantial intrinsic dust reddening in our sources. We use our individual galaxy results to obtain an estimate of the global stellar mass density at z, 6. Correcting for incompleteness in our sample, we find the z, 6 comoving stellar mass density to be 2.5 × 106 M, Mpc,3. This is a lower limit, as post-starburst and dust-obscured objects, and also galaxies below our selection thresholds, are not accounted for. From our results, we are able to explore the star formation histories of our selected galaxies, and we suggest that the past global star formation rate may have been much higher than that observed at the z, 6 epoch. The associated UV flux we infer at z > 7 could have played a major role in reionizing the Universe. [source] Near-infrared lymphatic imaging demonstrates the dynamics of lymph flow and lymphangiogenesis during the acute versus chronic phases of arthritis in miceARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM, Issue 7 2010Quan Zhou Objective To develop an in vivo imaging method to assess lymphatic draining function in the K/BxN mouse model of inflammatory arthritis. Methods Indocyanine green, a near-infrared fluorescent dye, was injected intradermally into the footpads of wild-type mice, mouse limbs were illuminated with an 806-nm near-infrared laser, and the movement of indocyanine green from the injection site to the draining popliteal lymph node (LN) was recorded with a CCD camera. Indocyanine green near-infrared images were analyzed to obtain 5 measures of lymphatic function across time. Images of K/BxN arthritic mice and control nonarthritic littermates were obtained at 1 month of age, when acute joint inflammation commenced, and again at 3 months of age, when joint inflammation became chronic. Lymphangiogenesis in popliteal LNs was assessed by immunochemistry. Results Indocyanine green and its transport within lymphatic vessels were readily visualized, and quantitative measures were derived. During the acute phase of arthritis, the lymphatic vessels were dilated, with increased indocyanine green signal intensity and lymphatic pulses, and popliteal LNs became fluorescent quickly. During the chronic phase, new lymphatic vessels were present near the foot. However, the appearance of indocyanine green in lymphatic vessels was delayed. The size and area of popliteal LN lymphatic sinuses progressively increased in the K/BxN mice. Conclusion Our findings indicate that indocyanine green near-infrared lymphatic imaging is a valuable method for assessing the lymphatic draining function in mice with inflammatory arthritis. Indocyanine green,near-infrared imaging of K/BxN mice identified 2 distinct lymphatic phenotypes during the acute and chronic phase of inflammation. This technique can be used to assess new therapies for lymphatic disorders. [source] | ||||||||||