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Nations
Kinds of Nations Terms modified by Nations Selected AbstractsTHEOLOGY IN THE PUBLIC SQUARE: CHURCH, ACADEMY AND NATION, edited by Gavin D'CostaNEW BLACKFRIARS, Issue 1012 2006DANIEL D. INMAN No abstract is available for this article. [source] THE ENVIRONMENTAL VULNERABILITY OF CARIBBEAN ISLAND NATIONS,GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW, Issue 1 2007Bryan J. Boruff ABSTRACT. Within the hazards- and disaster-research community consensus exists as to factors that magnify or attenuate the effects of extreme natural events on local places. But less agreement and understanding exist concerning the methods or techniques for comparing hazard vulnerability within or between places, especially small-island developing states. Using two Caribbean nations, Saint Vincent and Barbados, as study sites, we asked which island has the greater level of hazard vulnerability, and why. Results indicate that, although neither island has a large portion of its population living in extremely hazardous locations, Barbados has many more residents in risk-prone areas. The methods used in this research provide valuable tools for local emergency managers in assessing vulnerability, especially through the delineation of highly vulnerable hot spots. They can also help donor organizations interested in vulnerability reduction on islands use their resources more efficiently. [source] FINDING FAITH, LOSING FAITH: STORIES OF CONVERSION AND APOSTASY by Scot McKnight and Hauna Ondrey SOCIETY WITHOUT GOD: WHAT THE LEAST RELIGIOUS NATIONS CAN TELL US ABOUT CONTENTMENT by Phil ZuckermanJOURNAL FOR THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF RELIGION, Issue 2 2009RYAN T. CRAGUN No abstract is available for this article. [source] FOR THE HEALING OF THE NATIONSTHE ECUMENICAL REVIEW, Issue 1-2 2006Closing sermon on Revelation 22: First page of article [source] OCCURRENCES OF GREEN EARTH PIGMENT ON NORTHWEST COAST FIRST NATIONS PAINTED OBJECTS*ARCHAEOMETRY, Issue 3 2009I. N. M. WAINWRIGHT An analytical study of First Nations painted objects from the Northwest Coast showed that green earth (celadonite) was used as a green pigment by Tlingit, Haida and Tsimshian artists. Green earth appears to have been used less frequently by Heiltsuk and Kwakwaka'wakw artists and was not found on Coast Salish or Nuu-chah-nulth objects. Microscopical samples of green paint from 82 Northwest Coast objects, as well as several pigment sources and mineral specimens, were analysed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy or X-ray diffraction. Green earth was the most frequently identified green pigment, found in approximately 40% of the samples. [source] PERSONIFICATIONS AND THE ANCIENT VIEWER: THE CASE OF THE HADRIANEUM ,NATIONS'ART HISTORY, Issue 1 2009JESSICA HUGHES This article represents an initial exploration of how allegorical figures were made and viewed in classical antiquity. It focuses on a well-known series of personifications which decorated a second-century ce temple complex in the heart of Rome. Previous studies of these sculpted reliefs have engaged in lively debate about which nations are represented, without ever reflecting on the processes by which the group has been designed and made. Here the individual personifications are replaced within the context of the group, and the fact that even the most cosmopolitan ancient viewer would have found the interpretation of these images problematic is demonstrated. This reading is shown to have wider implications, both for how the Roman world was conceptualized in and through these images, and for the construction of social hierarchies within the city of Rome itself. [source] Bobbittizing Texaco: Dis-Membering Corporate Capital and Re-Membering the Nation in EcuadorCULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY, Issue 2 2002Suzana Sawyer First page of article [source] Neural correlates of successful and partial inhibitions in children: An ERP studyDEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOBIOLOGY, Issue 7 2009Lucy Cragg Abstract This experiment used event-related potentials (ERPs) to investigate the neural processes underlying the development of response inhibition in a modified version of the go/no-go paradigm [Cragg and Nation [2008] Developmental Science 11(6): 819,827]. N2 and P3 ERP components on correct go trials and partial and successful inhibitions were compared in 7- and 9-year-old children. A larger N2 effect on successful inhibitions was found in 9-year-olds compared to 7-year-olds at fronto-central electrodes. N2 amplitude was positively related to behavioral performance in the 7-year-olds suggesting it may reflect inhibitory processes; however, this relationship was not present in the 9-year-olds. Age differences were also apparent in the go P3, perhaps indicating differences in stimulus processing. The no-go P3 component was larger on successful than partial inhibitions. In contrast, there was no difference in N2 amplitude between partial and successful inhibitions. A significant difference was found in N2 latency however. This suggests that inhibitory processes are similar in both cases but initiated earlier on successful inhibitions. N2 latency was also shorter in 9-year-olds than 7-year-olds supporting an increase in the efficiency of response inhibition with age. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 51: 533,543, 2009. [source] Nation to Nation: Defining New Structures of Development in Northern QuebecECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY, Issue 4 2004Caroline Desbiens Abstract: In February 2002, the Crees of Quebec and the Quebec government signed a new agreement that was designed to implement new structures of economic development in northern Quebec. The document, known as "La Paix des Braves" (Peace of the Braves), was characterized as a "nation-to-nation" agreement and promises greater participation by the Crees in the management and exploitation of natural resources on the territory. Starting from the premise that the Crees and the Québécois do not simply compete for the resources of James Bay but can be said to define and firm up the boundaries of their respective nation in and through the use of these resources, this article explores the close intertwining of colonialism, culture, and the economy in James Bay, as well as its potential impact on the new agreement. First, it analyzes how the Crees and the Québécois have articulated nationhood in relation to land and resources, particularly over the past three decades. Second, it examines how these discourses are informed by a third national scale, that of Canada. The intersection among nature, nation, and economic development in northern Quebec is a key example of how resources are embedded in complex national geographies that are shaped across a broad historical span. Although sustainability is often defined in terms of the needs of future generations, this article calls for greater attention to past colonial and political relations in defining structures of development that ensure the renewal of resources. [source] Nation, state and the industrial revolution: the visible hand , By Lars MagnussonECONOMIC HISTORY REVIEW, Issue 3 2010GREGORY CLARK No abstract is available for this article. [source] "Into a thousand parts": Representing the Nation in Henry VENGLISH LITERARY RENAISSANCE, Issue 1 2008Jonathan Baldo Shakespeare's history plays in general, and Henry V in particular, grant a good deal of attention to Parliament. The injunction by the opening Chorus of Henry V, "Into a thousand parts divide one man," echoes Speaker of the House Edward Coke's anecdote about the origins of a bicameral Parliament, in the course of which he recounted a knight's purported remark that "his Majestie and the lordes there every one being great persons represented but themselves, but his commons though they were inferiour men yet every one of them represented a thowsand men."Henry V, like Shakespeare's earlier histories, explores the relationship between theatrical and parliamentary forms of representation. Recognizing the ways in which the plays both draw upon and challenge Elizabethan ideas about parliamentary representation casts new light on the relations between nobles and commoners in Shakespeare's histories. [source] Prevalence of epilepsy and seizures in the Navajo Nation 1998,2002EPILEPSIA, Issue 10 2009Karen Parko Summary Purpose:, To determine the prevalence of epilepsy and seizures in the Navajo. Methods:, We studied 226,496 Navajo residing in the Navajo Reservation who had at least one medical encounter between October 1, 1998 and September 30, 2002. We ascertained and confirmed cases in two phases. First, we identified patients with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes signifying epilepsy or seizures using Indian Health Service (IHS) administrative data. Second, we reviewed medical charts of a geographic subpopulation of identified patients to confirm diagnoses and assess the positive predictive value of the ICD-9-CM codes in identifying patients with active epilepsy. Results:, Two percent of Navajo receiving IHS care were found to have an ICD-9-CM code consistent with epilepsy or seizures. Based on confirmed cases, the crude prevalence for the occurrence of any seizure (including febrile seizures and recurrent seizures that may have been provoked) in the geographic subpopulation was 13.5 per 1,000 and the crude prevalence of active epilepsy was 9.2 per 1,000. Prevalence was higher among males, children under 5 years of age, and older adults. Discussion:, The estimated prevalence of active epilepsy in the Navajo Nation is above the upper limit of the range of reported estimates from other comparable studies of U.S. communities. [source] Gender, Indian, Nation: The Contradictions of Making Ecuador, 1830,1925 by Erin O'ConnorGENDER & HISTORY, Issue 2 2010ADRIAN PEARCE No abstract is available for this article. [source] Epitomising the Modern Spanish Nation through Popular Music: Coplas from La Caramba to Concha Piquer, 1750,1990GENDER & HISTORY, Issue 3 2007Mercedes Carbayo Abengózar Music is an important language of the emotions and can often arouse strong passions in its performance and representation, both from the individual's perspective of personal identity and for the individual's sense of identity and of belonging to a given community. Likewise, music can serve to whip up and reinforce nationalism and national chauvinism against the ,other' as well as serving as a badge of identity. In this article I explore a musical form, a song that has been defined as ,Spanish' and as the ,national' song: la copla. Copla is rooted in the past and first appeared as both a poetic and a theatrical form, but always accompanied by music. It was, however, during the eighteenth century, when nationalism made its appearance as a ,concern' in the Spanish political-cultural arena, when coplas would be used as a mark of Spanish identity. Copla is a women's song. Although it has been interpreted by men, some of them internationally renowned like Miguel de Molina, the most famous performers have been and still are women. That is why perhaps a recurrent theme of coplas is unrequited love, whereby love and passion play an important role, either with regard to the individual or the community from which the individual hails. But there are also other themes such as the longing stimulated by alien rule, which is reflected by cultural opposition and resistance to discourses of power, not only in terms of open opposition, but in a more subtle form of resistance, particularly in gender terms. I claim that it is precisely this resistance to fixed discourses of gender that have made coplas excellent negotiators with the different musical, social and political contexts and in this way have made them an icon of the invented tradition that is fundamental in the creation of a nation. [source] Mother, Child, Race, Nation: The Visual Iconography of Rescue and the Politics of Transnational and Transracial AdoptionGENDER & HISTORY, Issue 2 2003Laura Briggs ,Third World' poverty and hunger conjures up certain conventionalised images: thin children, with or without their mothers. This paper explores the genealogy of such images in the mid-twentieth century, and shows how they mobilise ideologies of ,rescue' while pointing away from structural (political, military and economic) explanations for poverty, famine and other disasters. These images had a counterpart in practices of transnational and transracial adoption, which became the subject of debate in the USA during the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s, and were at least as much about symbolic debates over race as the fate of particular children. Together, these visual and familial practices made US foreign and domestic poverty policy intelligible as a debate over whether to save women and children. When they cast the USA as rescuer, they made it all but impossible to understand what US political, military or economic power had to do with creating the problem. [source] White Queens at the Chicago World's Fair, 1893: New Womanhood in the Service of Class, Race, and NationGENDER & HISTORY, Issue 1 2000T. J. Boisseau First page of article [source] ALGONQUIN NOTIONS OF JURISDICTION: INSERTING INDIGENOUS VOICES INTO LEGAL SPACESGEOGRAFISKA ANNALER SERIES B: HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, Issue 3 2006Bettina Koschade ABSTRACT. Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal notions of geography, nature and space sometimes compete, and these differences can create barriers to joint environmental problem-solving. This paper examines the Ardoch Algonquin First Nation and Allies (AAFNA) and the strategies they used in juridical and legislative settings to make their voices heard. In the Tay River Ontario Environmental Review Tribunal (2000,2002), AAFNA attempted to introduced their knowledge of the environmental deterioration which would be caused by a Permit To Take Water issued to a multinational corporation by the Ontario Ministry of Environment. The paper is divided into two parts: first, it describes the concepts of Algonquin knowledge, jurisdiction and responsibility; second, it explores the strategies used to integrate their perspective into legal proceedings constructed by the Canadian government. This case reveals how some Algonquin people conceive of space and responsibility in deeply ecological, rather than narrowly juridical, terms. It establishes that their broad concepts of knowledge, land and jurisdiction are incompatible with existing Euro-Canadian divisions of legal responsibility and ecological knowledge, but at the same time can serve as the means by which they challenge the current structure of Aboriginal and Canadian relations. [source] Spatially Disaggregated Modelling of Voting Outcomes and Socio-Economic Characteristics at the 2001 Australian Federal ElectionGEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, Issue 3 2006ROBERT STIMSON Abstract This study uses GIS and spatial modelling to relate voting outcomes at the 2001 federal election for polling booths across Australia with the socio-economic characteristics of polling booth catchment areas. The data and analysis used are more detailed and comprehensive than previous studies. It is conducted at a fine level of spatial disaggregation across the whole nation to examine voting outcomes for both major and minor political parties. Because the aim of the paper is to distinguish voting outcomes between political parties rather than to predict voting outcomes for particular political parties, a discriminant analysis is used rather than regression analysis. The statistical discriminant analysis identifies two main socio-economic dimensions that are able to predict polling booth outcomes with a relatively high degree of accuracy. That analysis shows how, at the 2001 federal election, the middle ground, in terms of socio-economic characteristics, was being claimed by the Liberal Party, Country Liberal Party, The Greens, and, to a lesser extent, by the Australian Labor Party. However, the Australian Democrats, National Party and One Nation had more distinctive constituencies, with the National Party and One Nation Party competing for areas with similar socio-economic characteristics. Using GIS mapping tools, examples of actual and predicted polling booth voting outcomes are given, along with selected socio-economic characteristics of booth catchments. [source] Voter Behaviour in Rural Areas: A Study of the Farrer Electoral Division in Southern New South Wales at the 1998 Federal ElectionGEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, Issue 2 2001James Forrest The National (Country) Party, traditional beneficiary of a countrymindedness ethos in rural and regional Australia, suffered a significant electoral setback at the 1998 federal election from a new conservative force in Australian politics, the One Nation Party. One Nation has been characterised as the party of the ,old' Australia, those least able to cope with the pace of recent social and economic changes, rationalisation and centralisation of services and the exodus of people from rural and regional areas. Such a characterisation is supported by findings from this study of the geography of voting and the social correlates of One Nation's support base in the Farrer electoral division in south-western New South Wales. [source] ,,von der Unmöglichkeit der Gegenwart': Geschlecht, Generation und Nation in Petzolds Die Innere Sicherheit und Sanders-Brahms' Deutschland, Bleiche MutterGERMAN LIFE AND LETTERS, Issue 2 2009Stefanie Hofer ABSTRACT Christian Petzold gehört zur Berliner Schule, die sich gern als Gegenbewegung zum deutschen Kommerzkino versteht und der deshalb Parallelen zum Neuen Deutschen Film nachgesagt werden. Ein Vergleich zwischen Petzolds Die innere Sicherheit (2000) und Sanders-Brahms' Deutschland, bleiche Mutter (1980) wird jedoch aufzeigen, dass fundamentale Unterschiede in der Bedeutung bestehen, die der (cineastischen) Erinnerung beigemessen werden. Besonders anschaulich lässt sich dieser Gegensatz am Generationenverständnis ablesen. In Deutschland, bleiche Mutter sorgt , typisch für feministische Filme des Neuen Deutschen Kinos , intergenerationelle Kommunikation und die aktive Aufarbeitung der (konfliktreichen) Vergangenheit für die Subjektwerdung. Gleichzeitig hinterfragt der Film traditionelle Generationenvorstellungen, die die ödipale Rebellion favorisieren, und gesellschaftliche Konventionen, die die Unterdrückung der Frau befürworten. In Petzolds Terroristendrama ist es dagegen der Generationenkonflikt, der gesellschaftlichen Wandel vorantreibt. Nicht die Auseinandersetzung mit der Vergangenheit, sondern der Bruch mit ihr ist für die persönliche und soziale Identitätsentwicklung verantwortlich. Folglich favorisiert Die innere Sicherheit ein psychoanalytisches und soziologisches Generationenverständnis, das , im Gegensatz zur (feministischen) Tradition des Neuen Deutschen Films , eine erstaunlich patriarchalische Prägung aufweist. [source] Age at Acquisition of Helicobacter pylori in a Pediatric Canadian First Nations PopulationHELICOBACTER, Issue 2 2002Samir K. Sinha Abstract Background. Few data exist regarding the epidem-iology of Helicobacter pylori infections in aboriginal, including the First Nations (Indian) or Inuit (Eskimo) populations of North America. We have previously found 95% of the adults in Wasagamack, a First Nations community in Northeastern Manitoba, Canada, are seropositive for H. pylori. We aimed to determine the age at acquisition of H. pylori among the children of this community, and if any association existed with stool occult blood or demographic factors. Materials and Methods. We prospectively enrolled children resident in the Wasagamack First Nation in August 1999. A demographic questionnaire was administered. Stool was collected, frozen and batch analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for H. pylori antigen and for the presence of occult blood. Questionnaire data were analyzed and correlated with the presence or absence of H. pylori. Results. 163 (47%) of the estimated 350 children aged 6 weeks to 12 years, resident in the community were enrolled. Stool was positive for H. pylori in 92 (56%). By the second year of life 67% were positive for H. pylori. The youngest to test positive was 6 weeks old. There was no correlation of a positive H. pylori status with gender, presence of pets, serum Hgb, or stool occult blood. Forty-three percent of H. pylori positive and 24% of H. pylori negative children were < 50th percentile for height (p = 0.024). Positive H. pylori status was associated with the use of indoor pail toileting (86/143) compared with outhouse toileting (6/20) (p = 0.01). Conclusions. In a community with widespread H. pylori infection, overcrowded housing and primitive toileting, H. pylori is acquired as early as 6 weeks of age, and by the second year of life 67% of children test positive for H. pylori. [source] Impact of aboriginal ethnicity on HCV core-induced IL-10 synthesis: Interaction with IL-10 gene polymorphismsHEPATOLOGY, Issue 3 2007Koko Bate Aborsangaya The host immune response is a critical determinant in viral infection outcome. Epidemiological studies indicate that North American indigenous peoples are more resistant to chronic HCV infection than other populations. Due to the prominence of IL-10 in chronic HCV infection, we investigated the genetic tendency to produce IL-10 in Caucasian (CA) and First Nation (FN) populations. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from CA subjects had a greater tendency to produce IL-10 defined by allelic polymorphisms, as well as genotypes and haplotypes, at the -1082, -819, and -592 positions of the IL-10 promoter. More importantly, we directly evaluated the influence of ethnicity on the ability of HCV core protein to induce IL-10 synthesis and found significantly higher IL-10 production by PBMCs isolated from healthy CA subjects compared with FN subjects. Further examination of the underlying relationship between core-induced IL-10 with the high, intermediate, and low phenotypes at the -1082, -819, and -592 position revealed that spontaneous and core-induced IL-10 synthesis tended to interact negatively with defined polymorphisms. This was particularly evident for the FN cohort, in which the relationship was strengthened by a stronger interaction of core with the low,IL-10,producing phenotypes. As with previous studies, concanavalin A induced IL-10 synthesis from the CA cohort positively associated with defined genetic phenotypes. Conclusion: Cells from FN subjects had a reduced capacity to produce IL-10 in response to HCV core protein, suggesting that reduced susceptibility of FN immunity to virally induced IL-10 synthesis might contribute to epidemiological observations of enhanced HCV clearance. (HEPATOLOGY 2007;45:623,630.) [source] New Liberalism, J. L. Hammond and the Irish Problem, 1897,1949HISTORICAL RESEARCH, Issue 180 2000G. K. Peatling Historians have regarded new Liberalism as an ideology primarily concerned with domestic social reform. Yet this does little justice to the intensity and longevity of new Liberals' support of self-government in Ireland. This side of new Liberal ideology is particularly illuminated by the career of J. L. Hammond (1872,1949), especially his Gladstone and the Irish Nation (1938). Hammond's historical scholarship, indeed, was heavily influenced by Liberal ideology, and can be seen as a belated effort to justify Gladstonian Liberalism's long mission in Ireland. Fittingly therefore, Hammond's arguments possessed the same strengths and weaknesses as earlier Liberal efforts to pacify Ireland. [source] France: Inventing the Nation , By Timothy BaycroftHISTORY, Issue 320 2010MALCOLM CROOK No abstract is available for this article. [source] This Land, This Nation: Conservation, Rural America, and the New Deal , By Sarah T. PhillipsHISTORY, Issue 316 2009FIONA VENN No abstract is available for this article. [source] A Shattered Nation: The Rise & Fall of the Confederacy, 1861,1868 By Anne Sarah RubinHISTORY, Issue 304 2006WILLIAM B. FEIS No abstract is available for this article. [source] The Desired ,One': Thinking the Woman in the NationHISTORY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 5 2007Anirban Das A review of the secondary literature on the way nationalist thought in colonial India conceived ,woman' shows three broad strands. One is the perspective of the history of art, which studies the genealogy of the iconic symbolisation of women. The remaining stands have similar objects of knowledge (the nationalist representation of women in terms of the debi) but differ in their foci of attention. The first is concerned with the (role of the) woman in nationalist thought and how ,real' women had responded to that construction. The other focuses on the processes of nation building in the colony to reach its gendered aspects. We finally make a case for a synthesis of these through a few instances. [source] Native Americans and National Identity in Early North AmericaHISTORY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 5 2006Tyler Boulware Nation as a concept has been applied to a variety of peoples and societies across time and space, and Native Americans during the colonial era are no exception. This essay offers a brief exploration into the uses and meanings of nation and national identity for the indigenous peoples of North America. It suggests that alternate definitions of collective identity might prove more suitable, which should remind us of the need to both clarify our conceptual framework and take into account the tremendous diversity that existed in early America. [source] Gender and United States Citizenship in Nation and EmpireHISTORY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 3 2006Beatrice McKenzie In the past twenty years, women's history, ethnic studies, colonial studies, and labor history have so impacted the field of gender and citizenship that most new scholarship successfully incorporates issues of race, gender and, to a lesser extent, class. The study of sexuality and the impact of globalization on citizenship are important new directions for the field. A deep theoretical divide exists between those who believe that American citizenship has become progressively more inclusive over time and those who believe citizenship is based upon the exclusion of some to the detriment of all. [source] The Domestic Soldier: British Housewives and the Nation in the Second World War1HISTORY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 1 2006Jennifer Purcell Historical research has previously emphasized the experiences of women in paid employment over those of housewives during the Second World War. Recent historians have begun to redress this imbalance; however, more research is necessary in order to understand the ways in which women, as housewives, perceived their part in the war effort. This article considers the ways in which housewives negotiated conflicting messages aimed at women during the war in order to create a place for themselves in the British nation. [source] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||