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Nasal Resistance (nasal + resistance)

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Medical Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

Postural Cephalometric Analysis and Nasal Resistance in Sleep-Disordered Breathing,

THE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 7 2003
Paula Virkkula MD
Abstract Objectives The study was designed to compare upright and supine cephalometric measurements in snorers and to evaluate the effects of mandibular position and nasal resistance on pharyngeal dimensions. Anthropometric, rhinomanometric, and cephalometric measurements were used to investigate predictors of apnea-hypopnea index. Study Design Prospective, cross-sectional. Methods Forty consecutive habitually snoring men waiting for nasal surgery (mean age, 44 y; mean body mass index, 28 kg/m2) underwent an overnight polysomnographic, anterior rhinomanometric, and cephalometric analysis in upright and supine positions. Results Nasal resistance correlated positively with minimal pharyngeal airspace at the level of tongue. The opening of jaws after voluntary relaxation of the mandibular position on lying down correlated with decrease in pharyngeal airway measurements at both velopharyngeal and tongue-base levels. In stepwise multiple regression analysis the overall patient model explained 68% of the variation in apnea-hypopnea index with body mass index as the largest predictor. In the nonobese patients, the model explained 86% of variation in apnea-hypopnea index with change in anteroposterior position of the lower jaw in upright and supine measurements and combined nasal resistance after mucosal decongestion as independent determinants. In selected skeletal subtypes the models predicted 83%, 79%, 61%, and 90% of the variation in apnea-hypopnea index. Conclusions In the nonobese patients nasal resistance and change in mandibular position on lying down were found to be independent contributing factors to the apnea-hypopnea index. Further research on supine cephalometry and relaxed mandibular position may improve prediction of sleep-disordered breathing in snorers. [source]

Effects of maxillary distraction osteogenesis on the upper-airway size and nasal resistance in subjects with cleft lip and palate

ORTHODONTICS & CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH, Issue 4 2004
M Mochida
Structured Abstract Authors , Mochida M, Ono T, Saito K, Tsuiki S, Ohyama K Objectives , To investigate the short- and long-term effects of maxillary distraction osteogenesis (DOG) on the upper-airway size and nasal resistance in nine patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP). Study design , Changes in the upper-airway size were measured by using lateral cephalometric radiographs taken immediately before and after DOG, and 1 year later. Nasal resistance was measured with a rhinomanometer. An analysis of variance was used to establish statistical significance. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the relationship between changes in the cross-sectional area of the upper airway and nasal resistance in association with DOG. Results , Immediately after DOG, the anteroposterior dimension of the superior part of the upper airway was significantly increased (p < 0.01) and nasal resistance was significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Moreover, the cross-sectional area of the total upper airway was significantly increased (p < 0.01). There was a significant correlation between the increase in the upper-airway cross-sectional area and the reduction in nasal resistance (p < 0.05). The upper-airway size was significantly augmented (p < 0.05) and nasal resistance was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) at 1 year after DOG compared with immediately before DOG. Conclusion , An increase in the upper-airway size and a reduction in nasal resistance occurred after maxillary DOG in patients with CLP, and these changes were stable after 1 year. [source]

Postural Cephalometric Analysis and Nasal Resistance in Sleep-Disordered Breathing,

THE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 7 2003
Paula Virkkula MD
Abstract Objectives The study was designed to compare upright and supine cephalometric measurements in snorers and to evaluate the effects of mandibular position and nasal resistance on pharyngeal dimensions. Anthropometric, rhinomanometric, and cephalometric measurements were used to investigate predictors of apnea-hypopnea index. Study Design Prospective, cross-sectional. Methods Forty consecutive habitually snoring men waiting for nasal surgery (mean age, 44 y; mean body mass index, 28 kg/m2) underwent an overnight polysomnographic, anterior rhinomanometric, and cephalometric analysis in upright and supine positions. Results Nasal resistance correlated positively with minimal pharyngeal airspace at the level of tongue. The opening of jaws after voluntary relaxation of the mandibular position on lying down correlated with decrease in pharyngeal airway measurements at both velopharyngeal and tongue-base levels. In stepwise multiple regression analysis the overall patient model explained 68% of the variation in apnea-hypopnea index with body mass index as the largest predictor. In the nonobese patients, the model explained 86% of variation in apnea-hypopnea index with change in anteroposterior position of the lower jaw in upright and supine measurements and combined nasal resistance after mucosal decongestion as independent determinants. In selected skeletal subtypes the models predicted 83%, 79%, 61%, and 90% of the variation in apnea-hypopnea index. Conclusions In the nonobese patients nasal resistance and change in mandibular position on lying down were found to be independent contributing factors to the apnea-hypopnea index. Further research on supine cephalometry and relaxed mandibular position may improve prediction of sleep-disordered breathing in snorers. [source]

Effects of maxillary distraction osteogenesis on the upper-airway size and nasal resistance in subjects with cleft lip and palate

ORTHODONTICS & CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH, Issue 4 2004
M Mochida
Structured Abstract Authors , Mochida M, Ono T, Saito K, Tsuiki S, Ohyama K Objectives , To investigate the short- and long-term effects of maxillary distraction osteogenesis (DOG) on the upper-airway size and nasal resistance in nine patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP). Study design , Changes in the upper-airway size were measured by using lateral cephalometric radiographs taken immediately before and after DOG, and 1 year later. Nasal resistance was measured with a rhinomanometer. An analysis of variance was used to establish statistical significance. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the relationship between changes in the cross-sectional area of the upper airway and nasal resistance in association with DOG. Results , Immediately after DOG, the anteroposterior dimension of the superior part of the upper airway was significantly increased (p < 0.01) and nasal resistance was significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Moreover, the cross-sectional area of the total upper airway was significantly increased (p < 0.01). There was a significant correlation between the increase in the upper-airway cross-sectional area and the reduction in nasal resistance (p < 0.05). The upper-airway size was significantly augmented (p < 0.05) and nasal resistance was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) at 1 year after DOG compared with immediately before DOG. Conclusion , An increase in the upper-airway size and a reduction in nasal resistance occurred after maxillary DOG in patients with CLP, and these changes were stable after 1 year. [source]

Postural Cephalometric Analysis and Nasal Resistance in Sleep-Disordered Breathing,

THE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 7 2003
Paula Virkkula MD
Abstract Objectives The study was designed to compare upright and supine cephalometric measurements in snorers and to evaluate the effects of mandibular position and nasal resistance on pharyngeal dimensions. Anthropometric, rhinomanometric, and cephalometric measurements were used to investigate predictors of apnea-hypopnea index. Study Design Prospective, cross-sectional. Methods Forty consecutive habitually snoring men waiting for nasal surgery (mean age, 44 y; mean body mass index, 28 kg/m2) underwent an overnight polysomnographic, anterior rhinomanometric, and cephalometric analysis in upright and supine positions. Results Nasal resistance correlated positively with minimal pharyngeal airspace at the level of tongue. The opening of jaws after voluntary relaxation of the mandibular position on lying down correlated with decrease in pharyngeal airway measurements at both velopharyngeal and tongue-base levels. In stepwise multiple regression analysis the overall patient model explained 68% of the variation in apnea-hypopnea index with body mass index as the largest predictor. In the nonobese patients, the model explained 86% of variation in apnea-hypopnea index with change in anteroposterior position of the lower jaw in upright and supine measurements and combined nasal resistance after mucosal decongestion as independent determinants. In selected skeletal subtypes the models predicted 83%, 79%, 61%, and 90% of the variation in apnea-hypopnea index. Conclusions In the nonobese patients nasal resistance and change in mandibular position on lying down were found to be independent contributing factors to the apnea-hypopnea index. Further research on supine cephalometry and relaxed mandibular position may improve prediction of sleep-disordered breathing in snorers. [source]

A randomised clinical trial of turbinectomy for compensatory turbinate hypertrophy in patients with anterior septal deviations

CLINICAL OTOLARYNGOLOGY, Issue 6 2000
D A. Nunez
Turbinectomy is performed at the time of nasal septal surgery by many otolaryngologists. One reason given for this procedure is the presence of a hypertrophied contralateral inferior turbinate. A randomised trial was undertaken to evaluate the relief of nasal obstruction following contralateral turbinectomy with septal surgery. Patients presenting with nasal obstruction who had a unilateral septal deviation and contralateral inferior turbinate enlargement were prospectively randomized to contralateral turbinectomy or no turbinate surgery at the time of septal surgery. Questionnaires and active anterior rhinomanometry were used for evaluation. Twenty-six patients (mean age 31 years) demonstrated a reduction in subjective and objective measures of nasal obstruction (P < 0.05) 8 weeks after operation. There was no intergroup difference, the median total decongested nasal resistance postoperatively in the non-turbinectomized patients was 0.17 kPal,1 s and 0.21 kPal,1 s in the turbinectomized patients. Contralateral inferior turbinectomy does not add to the relief of nasal obstruction beyond that attained by septal surgery in these patients. [source]

Reliable and reproducible anterior active rhinomanometry for the assessment of unilateral nasal resistance

CLINICAL OTOLARYNGOLOGY, Issue 6 2000
A.S. Carney
Unilateral nasal resistance is now thought to be more important than total resistance in promoting obstructive symptoms. We assessed the reproducibility of anterior active rhinomanometry in measuring unilateral nasal resistance. Ten baseline readings of unilateral nasal resistance were made over a 30-min period in seven healthy subjects (14 nostrils) using anterior active rhinomanometry performed according to the International Committee for the Standardization of Rhinomanometry (ICSR) guidelines. Baseline readings revealed that measurements using anterior active rhinomanometry had an unacceptably high coefficient of variation (19%,60%). With a more time-consuming revised protocol involving multiple recordings and the identification and exclusion of erroneous data, coefficients of variation of 7%,15% were obtained. We conclude that single anterior active rhinomanometry readings are potentially prone to large errors and each researcher using such equipment must satisfy his/herself that their methodology has an acceptable coefficient of variation in their hands. The ICSR guidelines are not always sufficient to allow reproducible measurement and specially designed protocols may be necessary to produce reliable results. [source]