			Home About us Contact

Nasal NO (nasal + no)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	88%

Terms modified by Nasal NO

nasal no output

Selected Abstracts

United airways again: high prevalence of rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps in bronchiectasis

ALLERGY, Issue 5 2009
J. M. Guilemany
Background:, Although various relationships between the lower and upper airways have been found, the association of bronchiectasis with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps has not been thoroughly evaluated. This study was undertaken to examine the association of idiopathic and postinfective bronchiectasis with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis. Methods:, In a prospective study, 56 patients with idiopathic and 32 with postinfective bronchiectasis were evaluated for chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis by using EP3OS criteria and assessing: symptoms score, nasal endoscopy, sinonasal and chest CT scan, nasal and lung function and nasal and exhaled NO. Results:, Most bronchiectasis patients (77%) satisfied the EP3OS criteria for chronic rhinosinusitis, with anterior (98.5%) and posterior (91%) rhinorrhea and nasal congestion (90%) being the major symptoms. Patients presented maxillary, ethmoidal and ostiomeatal complex occupancy with a total CT score of 8.4 ± 0.4 (0,24). Using endoscopy, nasal polyps with a moderate score of 1.6 ± 0.1 (0,3) were found in 25% of patients. Nasal NO was significantly lower in patients with nasal polyposis (347 ± 62 ppb) than in those without them (683 ± 76 ppb; P < 0.001), and inversely correlated (R = ,0.36; P < 0.01) with the ostiomeatal complex occupancy. In the chest CT scan, patients with chronic rhinosinusitis showed a higher bronchiectasis severity score (7.2 ± 0.5; P < 0.001) than patients without (3.7 ± 0.7). The prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis, nasal polyps and other outcomes were similar in idiopathic and postinfective bronchiectasis. Conclusions:, The frequent association of chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis with idiopathic and postinfective BQ supports the united airways concept, and it suggests that the two type of bronchiectasis share common etiopathogenic mechanisms. [source]

Nasal Nitric Oxide in Children: A Novel Measurement Technique and Normal Values,,

THE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 10 2002
Hamid Daya FRCS (ORL)
Abstract Objectives To develop and standardize a technique for measuring nasal nitric oxide (NO) output in children and to determine normal values in this population. Study Design Prospective study evaluating a new technique for measuring nasal nitric oxide in a cohort of normal patients and a cohort of patients with nasal disease. Methods Nasal NO was measured using an aspiration technique, aspirating room air through the nasal cavities by means of a Teflon nozzle placed in one nasal vestibule while maintaining velopharyngeal closure using a party "blow-out" toy Results Nasal NO measurements were performed in 45 children (mean age, 11.0 y; age range, 3.2,17.6 y) There were 20 girls and 25 boys. All children were able to perform the maneuvers necessary for measurement of nasal NO output. Among the subgroup of normal healthy children (30), there was considerable variation in NO output between subjects, with a mean NO output of 481 nL/min and an SD of 283 nL/min. Conclusions Nasal NO can be readily measured in children using the presented technique. There is considerable variability in the values for nasal NO output in normal children. [source]

Hypoxia Depresses Nitric Oxide Output in the Human Nasal Airways

THE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 3 2000
James S. J. Haight MD
Abstract Objectives The role of oxygen in the nasal air on nasal nitric oxide (NO) output was studied in 13 adult volunteers. Methods Nasal NO was measured while air containing oxygen (0%,100% in nitrogen) was aspirated through the nasal airway before and after the topical application of xylometazoline. Results The mean nasal NO output of the untreated nose was 507.8 ± 161.9 nL/min (mean ± SD) when 21% oxygen was aspirated through the nasal cavities in series and remained unaltered by 100% O2 (P = .79). Below 10% oxygen the reduction in nasal NO output correlated positively and significantly with the decrease in oxygen concentration (r2 = 0.14). NO output was 245.2 ± 153.4 nL/min at 0% oxygen, a significant decline from 21% oxygen (P < .0001). Nasal vasoconstriction induced by xylometazoline and alterations in the blood oxygen content by a maximal breath-holding or breathing 100% oxygen did not alter nasal NO in hypoxia (P = .41). Conclusions Nasal NO output is markedly depressed in hypoxia and is oxygen dependent at concentrations of less than 10%. Approximately 50% of nasally generated NO is produced from oxygen in nasal air or regulated by it. [source]

Nasal nitric oxide measurements before and after repeated humming maneuvers

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION, Issue 12 2003
M. Maniscalco
Abstract Background, It has been recently shown that humming greatly increases nasal nitric oxide (NO). This is most likely owing to a rapid washout of sinus NO caused by the oscillating sound waves. During repeated humming manoeuvres nasal NO gradually decreases, likely because NO accumulated in the sinuses is washed out. Aim, We studied whether humming before measurements would affect nasally exhaled NO. Materials and methods, NO output was measured by the chemiluminescence technique in orally and nasally exhaled air in 38 subjects: 18 healthy subjects (HS), 15 subjects with allergic rhinitis (AR) and five subjects with allergic nasal polyposis (AP). Each subject performed a NO measurement during quiet nasal exhalation either preceded by a period of silence/free speaking or immediately after five consecutive humming manoeuvres (posthumming). Results, Mean nasal NO output (95% CI) after a period of silence/free speaking was 231 nL min,1 (178,284) in HS, 434 nL min,1 (347,522) in AR (P < 0·001) and 262 nL min,1 (163,361) in AP. Post-humming nasal NO output was 16% (5 to 50%) lower in HS and 14% (1 to 49%) lower in AR, while it remained unchanged in AP subjects. Intra-subject coefficient of variation of quiet nasal exhalation was 12% in HS, 13% in AR and 5% in AP. Post humming intraindividual coefficient of variation significantly decreased in both HS and AR, but it did not change in AP. Conclusions, Nasal NO levels measured immediately after repeated humming manoeuvres are consistently lower and more reproducible than nasal NO levels measured after a period of silence or free speaking. Repeated humming effectively empties the sinuses, thereby probably minimizing the normal contribution from the sinuses to nasal NO. This may be useful to better estimate NO output from the nasal cavity mucosa in health and disease. [source]

Steroid sparing effects of intranasal corticosteroids in asthma and allergic rhinitis

ALLERGY, Issue 3 2010
A. Nair
To cite this article: Nair A, Vaidyanathan S, Clearie K, Williamson P, Meldrum K, Lipworth BJ. Steroid sparing effects of intranasal corticosteroids in asthma and allergic rhinitis. Allergy 2010; 65: 359,367. Abstract Background:, Treating allergic rhinitis may have a downstream anti-inflammatory effect on the lower airways. We conducted a dose ranging study in asthma and persistent allergic rhinitis to evaluate if intranasal corticosteroids exhibit a sparing effect on the dose of inhaled corticosteroid. Methods:, Twenty five participants were randomized to receive two weeks of 100 ,g/day (Low dose) or 500 ,g/day (High dose) of inhaled fluticasone propionate both with intranasal placebo; or inhaled fluticasone 100 ,g/day with intranasal fluticasone 200 ,g/day (Combined) in a double-blind cross-over fashion. Results:, Low dose fluticasone produced a shift of 1.20 doubling-dilutions (95% CI, 0.63, 1.77); Combined fluticasone, 1.79 doubling-dilutions (95% CI, 0.77, 2.80) and high dose fluticasone, 2.01 doubling-dilutions (95% CI, 1.42, 2.61) in methacholine PC20 from respective baselines. There was a significant difference between high and low doses: 0.82 doubling dilutions (95%CI, 0.12, 1.50) but not between combined and low dose 0.58 doubling dilutions (95% CI, ,0.78, 1.95). Combined treatment alone produced improvements in peak nasal inspiratory flow (P < 0.001), rhinitis quality of life (P = 0.004) and nasal NO (P = 0.01); reduced blood eosinophil count (P = 0.03), and serum eosinophil cationic protein (P = 0.02). All treatments significantly improved tidal NO, FEV1 and asthma quality of life. Conclusions:, High-dose fluticasone was superior to low dose fluticasone for methacholine PC20, demonstrating room for further improvement. Combined treatment was not significantly different from low dose fluticasone and we could not demonstrate a steroid sparing effect on methacholine PC20. Combined treatment alone produced improvements in upper airway outcomes and suppressed systemic inflammation but not adrenal function. [source]

Measurement of exhaled nitric oxide in young children during tidal breathing through a facemask

PEDIATRIC ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 3 2005
Peter Fleng Daniel
Measurement of exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) offers a non-invasive means for assessment of airway inflammation. The currently available methods are difficult to apply in preschool children. We evaluated four methods potentially applicable for eNO measurement during tidal breathing in young children. eNO was assessed during tidal breathing in 24 children, 2,7 yr old, using a facemask which separated nasal and oral airflow. Facemasks with and without a one-way valve allowing exhalation through the nose were used. Expiratory flow control was not attempted. Measurements of eNO were performed both on-line and off-line. In 11 children, 8,12 yr old, measurements were compared with the standard single breath on-line method. eNO was significantly lower applying the one-way valve in on-line and off-line measurements in comparison with measurements without the valve [4.6 and 3.9 parts per billion (ppb) vs. 6.9 ppb and 6.5 ppb]. The mean within subject coefficient of variation (CV) was significantly lower in on-line measurements with the one-way valve (9.6%) compared with the other three methods (18.8, 27.7 and 29.3% respectively). Measurements with a facemask fitted with a one-way valve yielded similar eNO levels as the standard single breath method (7.0 ppb vs. 6.9 ppb) and reproducibility (9.8% vs. 7.1%). In conclusion, reproducible measurements of eNO can be obtained without control of expiration flow using a facemask fitted with a one-way valve on the nasal compartment. The likely explanation to this is that the one-way valve reduces the admixture of nasal NO, thereby improving the reliability of eNO measurements. [source]

Nitric Oxide and the Paranasal Sinuses

THE ANATOMICAL RECORD : ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE ANATOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY, Issue 11 2008
Jon O. Lundberg
Abstract The discovery within the paranasal sinuses for the production of nitric oxide (NO) has altered the traditional explanations of sinus physiology. This review article reports the ongoing investigation of sinus physiology beginning with the discovery of NO gas production in the paranasal sinuses that occurred in 1995, and the impact that finding has had both in the basic science and clinical arenas. It was shown that healthy paranasal sinus epithelium expresses an inducible NO synthase that continuously generates large amounts of NO, a pluripotent gaseous messenger with potent vasodilating, and antimicrobial activity. This NO can be measured noninvasively in nasally exhaled breath. The role of NO in the sinuses is likely to enhance local host defense mechanisms via direct inhibition of pathogen growth and stimulation of mucociliary activity. The NO concentration in a healthy sinus exceeds those that are needed for antibacterial effects in vitro. In patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and in cystic fibrosis, nasal NO is extremely low. This defect NO generation likely contributes to the great susceptibility to chronic sinusitis in these patients. In addition, the low-nasal NO is of diagnostic value especially in PCD, where nasal NO is very low or absent. Intriguingly, NO gas from the nose and sinuses is inhaled with every breath and reaches the lungs in a more diluted form to enhance pulmonary oxygen uptake via local vasodilation. In this sense NO may be regarded as an "aerocrine" hormone that is produced in the nose and sinuses and transported to a distal site of action with every inhalation. Anat Rec, 291:1479,1484, 2008. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Hypoxia Depresses Nitric Oxide Output in the Human Nasal Airways

Exhaled nitric oxide: relation to sensitization and respiratory symptoms

CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGY, Issue 2 2004
A.-C. Olin
Summary Background Conflicting data have been presented as to whether nitric oxide (NO) in exhaled air is merely reflecting atopy rather than airway inflammation. Objective To investigate the relationship between exhaled NO (eNO) and nasal NO (nNO), respiratory symptoms, and atopy, in the context of a cross-sectional study of the respiratory health of bleachery workers. Methods Two hundred and forty-six non-smoking bleachery and paper-mill workers answered a questionnaire and were examined by measurements of eNO and nNO and spirometry, outside the pollen season. Blood samples were collected and analysed for specific IgE against common aeroallergens (birch, timothy, cat and house dust mite). Atopy was defined as a positive PhadiatopÔ test. Results The atopic and the non-atopic subjects without asthma or rhinitis had similar levels of eNO. Subjects reporting asthma or rhinitis who were also sensitized to perennial allergens had higher levels of eNO, whereas those sensitized to only seasonal allergens had similar eNO levels as non-atopic subjects with asthma or rhinitis. In multiple linear regression models adjusted for nNO, eNO was associated with asthma and sensitization to perennial allergens. Conclusion The results indicate that only atopic subjects who have recently been exposed to the relevant allergen have elevated levels of eNO. Atopic subjects who are not being exposed to a relevant allergen or have never experienced symptoms of asthma or rhinitis show normal eNO. These data indicate that eNO relates to airway inflammation in atopic subjects. [source]