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Arietinum L. (arietinum + l)
Kinds of Arietinum L. Selected AbstractsPHYSICOCHEMICAL AND PROCESSING FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF PROTEINS FROM TWO CHINESE CHICKPEA (CICER ARIETINUM L.) CULTIVARSJOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION, Issue 4 2010WEN-RUI GAO ABSTRACT The physicochemical and functional properties of protein isolates from two Chinese chickpea cultivars were investigated and compared with those of SPI. GCPI has the lightest, reddest, most yellow and highest chroma. SHF and Ho of three protein isolates were significantly different (P < 0.05). Significant differences (P < 0.05) in EAI, FC, FS and LGC were observed between the two chickpea protein isolates, whose most functional properties were inferior to those of SPI. Most textural properties of heated gels from two chickpea protein isolates were similar and were also inferior to those of the SPI heated gel. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Chickpea is the third most widely grown grain legume crop in the world after bean and soybean. In the present study, we examined the physicochemical properties (chemical composition, color characteristics, SHF content and Ho) and functional properties (nitrogen solubility, emulsifying properties, WHC and OHC, FC and FS, and gelation properties) of protein isolates derived from Desi and Kabuli chickpea cultivars grown in Xinjiang Autonomous Region in China, and compared them with those of SPI. This study would be useful in the comprehensive understanding of the characteristics of chickpea protein and its use as a potential additive for food and dietary items. [source] Comparative Study of Quality Changes Occurring on Dehydration and Rehydration of Cooked Chickpeas (Cicer Arietinum L.) Subjected to Combined Microwave,Convective and Convective Hot Air DehydrationJOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE, Issue 6 2006A.A. Gowen ABSTRACT:, Convective hot air dehydration (100 °C) of cooked chickpeas was compared with the combination of microwave,convective hot air dehydration, in terms of microstructure, density, color, texture, dehydration, and rehydration. In the combined drying experiments, 2 levels of microwave power (100 W and 200 W) were investigated, combined continuously with convective air drying at 100 °C. Compared with convective hot air drying, combination drying led to a considerable reduction in dehydration time. Combination drying also improved the porosity of the finished dehydrated product, leading to faster rehydration kinetics. Cryogenic scanning electron microscopy micrographs showed that chickpeas subjected to combined drying experienced less shrinkage than those dried by convective hot air. Combination drying at the higher (200 W) level produced a darker (P < 0.05) rehydrated product with significantly lower relative rehydrated moisture content (P < 0.05) when compared with the lower (100 W) level of combination drying. [source] Study of selected quality and agronomic characteristics and their interrelationship in Kabuli-type chickpea genotypes (Cicer arietinum L.)INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, Issue 2006Amal Badshah Khattak Summary Impact of genotype on quality, agronomic characteristics and their interrelationship in Kabuli-type chickpea was investigated to provide significant feedback to breeder for selection/evolution of the most suitable varieties. Seven genotypes were studied for seventeen physical, chemical and agronomic characteristics. The effect of Kabuli-type chickpea genotype on the physicochemical parameters, cooking time and agronomic characteristics were significant. Maximum seed size and volume were recorded for CC98/99 (0.32 g and 0.26 mL seed,1, respectively), density and swelling index for the genotype FLIP97-179C (having minimum seed size and volume), while the rest of the genotypes were statistically the same. Weight, volume after hydration, hydration capacity and swelling capacity followed the same pattern. Maximum moisture, protein and mineral concentration were noted in CC98/99. Seed protein concentration for the remaining genotypes was statistically non-significant from one another. Longer period was taken by CM 2000 for flowering and maturity (130 and 181 days, respectively). Minimum time to flowering and maturity was taken by CC98/99. Genotype CC 98/99 outyielded all other genotypes (2107 kg ha,1). Seed size and seed volume were strongly and positively correlated with protein content, weight after hydration, volume after hydration, hydration and swelling capacities (r = 0.83,1.0). Strong correlation was also noted among different agronomic characters. [source] Leaf volatiles as attractants for neonate Helicoverpa armigera Hbn. (Lep., Noctuidae) larvaeJOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY, Issue 1 2002A. K. Singh The 1st instar Helicoverpa armigera larvae were bioassayed in the laboratory to study their orientational responses towards leaf volatiles of four leguminous crops: chickpea, Cicer arietinum L.; pigeonpea, Cajanus cajan Millsp.; blackgram, Vigna mungo L.; and cowpea, Vigna unguiculata L. (Walp.). The gram podborer larvae showed positive orientational responses towards leaves of all four test plants. Whole leaves of chickpea, pigeonpea and blackgram were more attractive for gram podborer larvae than cowpea whole leaves. Larval attraction for crushed (damaged) leaves of chickpea, blackgram and cowpea was significantly higher than the attraction for pigeonpea crushed leaves. The orientational responses of gram podborer larvae for crushed leaves of cowpea were significantly higher compared to whole leaves. However, the whole pigeonpea leaves elicited higher orientational responses than the crushed leaves. Maceration was not observed to affect the attractancy of chickpea and blackgram leaves. Further, the leaves were extracted in n-hexane and methanol. It was observed that the crude extracts of all the test leaves elicited positive orientational responses of larvae. In no-choice tests, the orientational preference of the larvae for the hexane extracts of all the test leaves was statistically equal. Similarly, the methanol extracts of leaves of all the test plants also attracted a greater percentage of larvae in no-choice tests. However, under two-choice bioassays, hexane foliage extract of all the test plants elicited higher orientational responses of larvae compared to the methanolic extracts of same leaves. The results of these bioassays clearly indicate that all the test leaves emit kairomones for gram podborer larvae. Moreover, kairomonal components of these leaves are, at least in part, extractable in hexane and methanol, which are higher in hexane than methanol. [source] VISCOELASTICITY OF A SIMULATED POLYMER AND COMPARISON WITH CHICKPEA FLOUR DOUGHSJOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESS ENGINEERING, Issue 3 2006NIDHI YADAV ABSTRACT An integrated approach consisting of compression and stress relaxation is performed with a simulated model system of poly dimethyl siloxane (PDMS), a viscoelastic polymer material when the compressive strain, height of sample and crosshead speed were varied. The parameters derived are the forces at the end of compression and relaxation, energy for compression and the extent of elasticity of the sample based on the ratios of forces as well as the proposed energy values. The results were verified with food doughs undergoing large deformations that show a nonlinear behavior. The proposed extent of elasticity based on the ratios of energy stored and compression can be used as an index for the characterization of viscoelasticity. A nonlinear three-parameter model had also been proposed to predict the stress decay characteristics as a function of time, which was found suitable for the PDMS system, and was better than the two-parameter Peleg model as judged by lower variance values (0.0006,0.018 and 0.002,0.048, respectively). Further, an actual system of food doughs in the form of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) flour dough was used to verify the proposed model and viscoelastic index at different moisture contents (27,39%) subjected to compressive strains of 25,75%. The nonlinear relaxation characteristics of the food dough are sensitive to moisture content as well as to strain level. [source] Isolation and characterization of sequence-tagged microsatellite sites markers in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES, Issue 3 2003Niroj K. Sethy Abstract In this study we report the isolation of microsatellite sequences and their conversion to sequence-tagged microsatellite sites (STMS) markers in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Thirteen putative recombinants isolated from a chickpea genomic library were sequenced, and used to design 10 STMS primer pairs. These were utilized to analyse the genetic polymorphism in 15 C. arietinum varieties and two wild varieties, C. echinospermum and C. reticulatum. All the primer pairs amplified polymorphic loci ranging from four to seven alleles per locus. The observed heterozygosity ranged from 0 to 0.6667. Most of the STMS markers also amplified corresponding loci in the wild relatives suggesting conservation of these markers in the genus. Hence, these polymorphic markers will be useful for the evaluation of genetic diversity and molecular mapping in chickpea. [source] Development of early-flowering Kabuli chickpea with compound and simple leavesPLANT BREEDING, Issue 2 2007D. J. Bonfil Abstract Terminal drought is a major constraint to chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) production. Autumn sowing and early flowering have been suggested as ways to benefit from the winter rains in short rainy seasons under dryland cropping. High-yielding, late-flowering, simple-leafed (slv/slv) chickpea cultivars with good field resistance to Ascochyta blight have been bred recently. Changing plant architecture, by altering leaf shape, may affect agronomic performance. As no information is available on the effect of leaf shape on phenology and seed yield, this study was aimed at: (i) introducing the simple leaf trait into an early-flowering chickpea background; (ii) comparing the grain yield of the two leaf types in early vs. late flowering backgrounds and (iii) producing breeding lines combining early flowering, large seeds and Ascochyta tolerance with both leaf types. Hybrid progeny were studied from the cross of ,Sanford' (slv/slv) and ICC7344, (compound, SLV/SLV). Four early-podding, F8 breeding lines were selected with either simple or compound leaves. In three different field experiments under dryland conditions (334,379 mm), they yielded ca. 1.4 t/ha as compared with 1.0 t/ha in the standard Israeli ,Yarden' on one site, but no significant differences in yield were obtained in the other two experiments. [source] | |||||||||||||