Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
N Microsatellite (n + microsatellite)
Selected AbstractsVariable number of tandem repeats in the growth hormone gene of Sparus aurata: association with growth and effect on gene transcriptionJOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY, Issue 2004R. Almuly The GH gene of Sparus aurata(saGH) contains variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR). The hyper-variable minisatellites in the first and third introns segregate in a Mendelian manner and exhibit numerous alleles. Analysis by PCR and sequencing of the two introns in several wild Sparidae species revealed comparable minisatellites with some variations. ,Zoo blot' with the first intron unit as a probe showed this sequence to be characteristic of several families from the Perciformes order. Unexpectedly, a similar minisatellite was found in the first intron of the GH gene in flounder, which belongs to a different order. Transfection of constructs containing a reporter gene and first intron of different length to four cell lines resulted in an inhibitory effect of the longer intron relative to the short intron. A (CA)n microsatellite (saGHpCA) is found in the GH promoter. A similar repeat at the same location is present in GH promoters of several other fish species. High variability (11 alleles) of the saGHpCA was found in a hatchery population. Full-sib family genotyping showed a Mendelian inheritance of these alleles. A significant association was found between allele distribution and body mass in large and average size fishes from a hatchery population. The intron minisatellites may serve as markers for hybrid population and parental assignment. Its presence in families and orders of the higher teleosts may help solving classification uncertainties. Their conservation and inhibitory effect suggest a biological role. The saGHpCA is correlated with growth and may be a good candidate for predicting growth performance. [source] Characterization of the porcine melanocortin 2 receptor gene (MC2R,)ANIMAL GENETICS, Issue 6 2002K. Jacobs A porcine bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clone, containing the melanocortin 2 receptor gene (MC2R) was isolated. The complete coding sequence of the MC2R gene, contained in 1 exon, was determined. Polymerase chain reaction-single stranded conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) was performed on a 241-bp coding fragment. An AluI polymorphism, detecting a silent mutation, was found and typed on unrelated animals of five different pig breeds. The Meishan, Piétrain and Large White breeds differ significantly in allele frequencies from the Landrace and Czech Meat Pig breeds. The melanocortin 5 receptor gene (MC5R) was detected by PCR in the same BAC clone, as could be expected from the human and porcine mapping data. PCR-SSCP was performed on a 200-bp coding of MC5R, but no polymorphisms were detected. The BAC clone was mapped to Sscr6q27 by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). A (CA)n microsatellite (SGU0002), isolated from the BAC, was localized on chromosome 6 by RH mapping near marker SW1473 and by linkage mapping on the MARC reference family at the same position as the marker SW2173 (97 cM). Allele frequencies, heterozygosity and polymorphism information contents (PIC) values were calculated for the five different pig breeds examined. The transcription of both genes in porcine liver, heart, kidney, fat, brain, pancreas, stomach, bladder, ovaries, lung, spleen, skin, adrenal gland and muscle tissues was examined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Transcription was detected in skin and adrenal gland tissues for MC2R, while a positive signal was detected for MC5R in kidney, fat, pancreas, skin, adrenal gland and spleen tissues. [source] Conformations of DNA strands containing GAGT, GACA, or GAGC tetranucleotide repeatsBIOPOLYMERS, Issue 4 2007Jaroslav Kypr Abstract The (GA)n microsatellite has been known from previous studies to adopt unusual, ordered, cooperatively melting secondary structures in neutral aqueous solutions containing physiological concentrations of salts, at acid pH values or in aqueous ethanol solutions. To find more about the primary structure specificity of these structures, we performed parallel comparative studies of related tetranucleotide repeats (GAGC)5, (GAGT)5, and (GACA)5. The general conclusion following from these comparative studies is that the primary structure specificity is fairly high, indicating that not only guanines but also adenines play a significant role in the stabilization of these unusual structures. (GAGC)5 is a hairpin or a duplex depending on DNA concentration. Neither acid pH nor ionic strength or the presence of ethanol changed the secondary structure of (GAGC)5 in a significant way. (GACA)5 forms a weakly stable hairpin in neutral aqueous solutions but forms a duplex at acid pH where cytosine is protonated. (GAGT)5 behaves most similar to (GAGA)5. Salt induces its hairpin to duplex transition at neutral pH and an isomerization into another, probably parallel stranded, duplex takes place at acid pH. (GAGT)5 is the only of the three present 20-mers that responds to ethanol like (GAGA)5. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 87: 218,224, 2007. This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The "Published Online" date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com [source] Polymorphic microsatellite DNA markers for the white-breasted thrasher, Ramphocinclus brachyurusMOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES, Issue 3 2006LI JIN Abstract We isolated and characterized six polymorphic microsatellite markers for the white-breasted thrasher from genomic libraries enriched for (AC)n, (GT)n, (CAAA)n, (TTTC)n, (GAC)n, (CT)n and (TTTG)n microsatellites. The number of alleles per locus ranged from two to seven. Observed heterozygosity (HO) ranged from 0.30 to 0.85. [source] Polymorphic microsatellite DNA markers for the grey fantail, Rhipidura albiscapaMOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES, Issue 1 2006L. JIN Abstract We isolated and characterized five polymorphic microsatellite markers for the grey fantail Rhipidura albiscapa from genomic libraries enriched for (AC)n and (GT)n microsatellites. In 34 adult individuals, the number of alleles per locus ranged from eight to 17. Observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.65 to 0.94 and 0.83 to 0.94, respectively. These markers will be useful for analysing extra-pair paternity in fantails. [source] Isolation and characterization of Brachymystax lenok microsatellite loci and cross-species amplification in Hucho spp. and Parahucho perryiMOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES, Issue 2 2004E. Froufe Abstract We isolated and characterized eight polymorphic microsatellite markers for Brachymystax lenok (Pallas, 1773) from genomic libraries enriched for (GATA)n, (GACA)n and (ATG)n microsatellites. The number of alleles per locus ranged from two to 17. Heterozygosity ranged from 0.2 to 0.95. In addition, cross-species amplification was successful for seven loci in Hucho hucho, eight in H. taimen and seven in Parahucho perryi. [source] | ||||||||||