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Mycological Cultures (mycological + culture)
Selected AbstractsBizarre annular lesion emerging as tinea incognitoMYCOSES, Issue 9-10 2004J. Wacker Tinea incognito; Microsporum canis; topische Steroide Summary Tinea incognito has first been described in 1968. The term describes a tinea infection whose clinical morphology has been modified by the application of topical corticosteroids. The clinical manifestation can masquerade a number of other dermatoses and leads to misdiagnosis of annular eruptions. We describe a patient who showed a bizarre appearance of annular, inflammatory skin lesions at the umbilical region. Mycological culture yielded Microsporum canis. Zusammenfassung Der Begriff Tinea incognito wurde erstmals 1968 geprägt und beschreibt eine Pilzinfektion der Haut, deren charakteristisches klinisches Erscheinungsbild durch die Verwendung von topischen Steroiden verändert wird. Die ungewöhnlichen Hautveränderungen können zahlreichen Dermatosen ähneln und zu Fehldiagnosen in der Einschätzung anulärer Läsionen führen. Wir berichten von einem Patienten, der eine ungewöhnliche Ansammlung bizarr konfigurierter, konzentrischer Erytheme am Bauchnabel zeigte. Die histologische und mykologische Aufarbeitung erbrachte den Nachweis einer Infektion durch Microsporum canis. [source] Efficacy and safety of a new single-dose terbinafine 1% formulation in patients with tinea pedis (athlete's foot): a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studyJOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY & VENEREOLOGY, Issue 10 2006JP Ortonne Abstract Background, Tinea pedis is a common dermatophyte infection with frequent recurrences. Terbinafine (presently used as a 1-week topical treatment of tinea pedis) is now available in a novel topical solution (film-forming solution , FFS), developed to allow single application. Objectives, To demonstrate the efficacy and safety of terbinafine 1% FFS in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III trial, and to determine relapse or re-infection rate of tinea pedis at 12 weeks. Patients/methods, Fifty-four centres (27 in France; 27 in Germany) enrolled 273 evaluable patients (2 : 1 randomization). Patients applied terbinafine 1% FFS or placebo only once between, under and over the toes, soles and sides of both feet. Efficacy assessments included direct microscopy, mycological culture, and clinical signs and symptoms at baseline, and at weeks 1, 6 and 12 after the single drug application. Results, Effective treatment (negative mycology plus absent/minimal symptoms) at week 6 in the terbinafine 1% FFS group was 63%; vehicle was 17% (P 0.0001). Mycological cure was 72% in the terbinafine group and 21% in the placebo (P 0.0001) at week 6. Clinical signs/symptoms decreased significantly in the active group compared to the placebo. The self-assessment of itching and burning sensation by the patient showed a clear reduction in symptoms starting 15 min after treatment application (this could be attributed to the cooling effect of the FFS). Recurrence (positive culture at 3 months) occurred in 12.5% of the effectively treated patients at week 6 in the terbinafine group. FFS was well tolerated. Conclusion, Terbinafine 1% FFS, single dose application is an effective, safe and convenient treatment for tinea pedis. The relapse/re-infection rate 3 months after the end of single-dose therapy is similar to that previously demonstrated in a study using terbinafine 1% cream for 7 days. [source] Onychomycosis in primary school children: association with socioeconomic conditionsMYCOSES, Issue 5 2006Turan Gunduz Summary Onychomycosis in childhood is reported to be unusual. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of onychomycosis in primary school children and to make comparison between different socioeconomic status in the rural and urban areas of the city. Hand and foot nails of 23235 children aged 7,14 were examined. Onychomycosis was suspected and nail scrapings for mycological examination were taken in 116 of them. Hyphae or spores were seen in 41 (0.18%) by direct microscopic examination, and mycological cultures were positive in 24 (0.1%) of them. Toenails were affected in all of the fungal culture positive cases. Trichosporon spp, Trichophyton rubrum, Candida albicans and Candida glabrata grew in 11, 6, 5 and 2 of the cultures repectively. Onychomycosis prevalence was significantly higher in the children living in the rural areas (p = 0.016) [Odds ratio = 3.43 (%95 CI 1.11 Topical application of acidified nitrite to the nail renders it antifungal and causes nitrosation of cysteine groups in the nail plateBRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 3 2007M.J. Finnen Summary Background, Topical treatment of nail diseases is hampered by the nail plate barrier, consisting of dense cross-linked keratin fibres held together by cysteine-rich proteins and disulphide bonds, which prevents penetration of antifungal agents to the focus of fungal infection. Acidified nitrite is an effective treatment for tinea pedis. It releases nitric oxide (NO) and other NO-related species. NO can react with thiol (-SH) groups to form nitrosothiols (-SNO). Objectives, To determine whether acidified nitrite can penetrate the nail barrier and cure onychomycosis, and to determine whether nitrosospecies can bind to the nail plate. Methods, Nails were treated with a mixture of citric acid and sodium nitrite in a molar ratio of 0·54 at either low dose (0·75%/0·5%) or high dose (13·5%/9%). Immunohistochemistry, ultraviolet-visible absorbance spectroscopy and serial chemical reduction of nitrosospecies followed by chemiluminescent detection of NO were used to measure nitrosospecies. Acidified nitrite-treated nails and the nitrosothiols S-nitrosopenicillamine (SNAP) and S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) were added to Trichophyton rubrum and T. mentagrophytes cultures in liquid Sabouraud medium and growth measured 3 days later. Thirteen patients with positive mycological cultures for Trichophyton or Fusarium species were treated with topical acidified nitrite for 16 weeks. Repeat mycological examination was performed during this treatment time. Results, S-nitrothiols were formed in the nail following a single treatment of low- or high-dose sodium nitrite and citric acid. Repeated exposure to high-dose acidified nitrite led to additional formation of N-nitrosated species. S-nitrosothiol formation caused the nail to become antifungal to T. rubrum and T. mentagrophytes. Antifungal activity was Cu2+ sensitive. The nitrosothiols SNAP and GSNO were also found to be antifungal. Topical acidified nitrite treatment of patients with onychomycosis resulted in > 90% becoming culture negative for T. rubrum. Conclusions, Acidified nitrite cream results in the formation of S-nitrosocysteine throughout the treated nail. Acidified nitrite treatment makes a nail antifungal. S-nitrosothiols, formed by nitrosation of nail sulphur residues, are the active component. Acidified nitrite exploits the nature of the nail barrier and utilizes it as a means of delivery of NO/nitrosothiol-mediated antifungal activity. Thus the principal obstacle to therapy in the nail becomes an effective delivery mechanism. [source]
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