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Mycelium Growth (mycelium + growth)

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Life Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

SIMPEROTA 1/3 , a decision support system for blue mould disease of tobacco,

EPPO BULLETIN, Issue 2 2007
P. Racca
Blue mould (Peronospora tabacina) is the most serious threat to German tobacco crops. In order to efficiently control the disease whilst minimizing the risk of nontolerable fungicide residue levels on tobacco leaves, a decision support system has been developed which optimizes the timing of fungicide treatments. The DSS consists of two models, SIMPEROTA 1, which forecasts the dates of blue mould first appearance and SIMPEROTA 3 which forecasts the dates of fungicide applications. Crucial biological processes are included in the models (infection, mycelium growth, sporulation and spore release). Input parameters are temperature, relative humidity and leaf wetness recorded on an hourly basis. Validation with data from 2003 and 2006 showed that SIMPEROTA 1 gave satisfying results. The model is suitable for practical use and can be employed for steering monitoring efforts of extension services and for the timing of the first fungicide treatment. SIMPEROTA 3 gives advice on follow-up treatments and the length of spraying intervals, but this model needs to be validated before being introduced into practice. [source]

Effects of some bacteria (Pseudomonas spp. and Erwinia herbicola) on in vitro growth of Piptoporus betulinus

FOREST PATHOLOGY, Issue 6 2000
K. Przyby
Summary Bacteria including Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas fluorescens biovar I, Pseudomonas fluorescens biovar V, Pseudomonas aureofaciens and Erwinia herbicola were isolated from discoloured zones in birch trunks. Antagonistic effects of these bacteria to growth of Piptoporus betulinus mycelium were tested in vitro, both in dual culture and using bacterial cell-free culture filtrates. In dual cultures, P. putida was most effective at inhibiting mycelial growth of Piptoporus betulinus. Filtrates of P. putida inhibited growth of P. betulinus mycelium irrespective of filtrate concentration, incubation time of bacteria and timing of recording mycelium growth. The strongest antagonistic effect (inhibition of fungal growth) was observed on a medium containing 80% of sterile filtrate obtained from 15-day-old bacterial cultures. The highest stimulating effect on mycelium growth was noted on medium containing 80% filtrate obtained from 7-day-old E. herbicola cultures. Résumé Des bactéries, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas fluorescens biovar I, Pseudomonas fluorescens biovar V, Pseudomonas aureofaciens et Erwinia herbicola, ont été isolées de zones colorées de troncs de bouleau. Les effets antagonistes de ces bactéries sur la croissance mycélienne de Piptoporus betulinus ont étéévalués in vitro, en cultures doubles et à partir de filtrats bactériens. En cultures doubles, P. putida a été le plus inhibiteur de la croissance du P. betulinus. Les filtrats de P. putida inhibaient la croissance quel que soit la concentration du filtrat, la durée d'incubation de la bactérie, et le délai dans lequel la croissance mycélienne était mesurée. L'effet inhibiteur le plus fort a été observé sur un milieu contenant 80% de filtrat stérile obtenu de cultures bactériennes de 15 jours. L'effet stimulant le plus fort a été noté sur un milieu contenant 80% d'un filtrat obtenu de cultures de 7 jours de E. herbicola. Zusammenfassung Verschiedene Bakterienarten (Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas fluorescens Biovar I, Pseudomonas fluorescens Biovar V, Pseudomonas aureofaciens und E. herbicola) wurden aus verfärbtem Holz in Birkenstämmen isoliert. Antagonistische Effekte dieser Bakterien gegenüber Myzel von Piptoporus betulinus wurden in vitroüberprüft (Dualkulturen und bakterienzellfreie Kulturfiltrate). In Dualkulturen zeigte P. putida den stärksten Hemmeffekt auf das Myzelwachstum von P. betulinus. Filtrate von P. putida hemmten das Wachstum von P. betulinus, unabhängig von der Filtratkonzentration, der Inkubationszeit der Bakterien und dem Zeitpunkt der Messung des Myzelwachstums. Der antagonistische Effekt (Hemmung des Myzelwachstums) war am ausgeprägtesten auf einem Medium, das 80% Sterilfiltrat von 15 Tage alten Bakterienkulturen enthielt. Der stärkste Stimulationseffekt auf das Myzelwachstum wurde auf einem Medium beobachtet, welches 80% Filtrat von sieben Tage alten E. herbicola -Kulturen enthielt. [source]

Inhibitory activity of tea polyphenol and Hanseniaspora uvarum against Botrytis cinerea infections

LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 3 2010
H.M. Liu
Abstract Aims:, To investigate the effect of tea polyphenol (TP) and Hanseniaspora uvarum alone or in combination against Botrytis cinerea in grapes and to evaluate the possible mechanisms involved. Methods and Results:, TP alone was effective in controlling grey mould in grape at all concentrations. TP at 0·5 and 1·0% in combination with H. uvarum (1 × 106 CFU ml,1) showed a lower infection rate of grey mould. TP at 0·01% or above significantly inhibited the spore germination of B. cinerea. TP at 0·1% showed inhibition ability on mycelium growth of B. cinerea. The addition of TP did not affect the growth of H. uvarum in vitro and significantly increased the population of H. uvarum in vivo. Conclusions:, TP exhibited an inhibitory effect against B. cinerea and improved the biocontrol efficacy of H. uvarum. The inhibitory effects of spore germination and mycelial growth of B. cinerea and the increased populations of H. uvarum in vivo may be some of the important mechanisms of TP. Significance and Impact of the Study:, The results suggested that TP alone or in combination with biocontrol agents has great potential in the commercial management of postharvest diseases of fruits. [source]