Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Multivariable Logistic Regression Models (multivariable + logistic_regression_models)
Selected AbstractsRepeat participation in colorectal cancer screening utilizing fecal occult blood testing: A community-based project in a rural settingJOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY, Issue 10 2010Monika Janda Abstract Background and Aim:, To investigate participation in a second round of colorectal cancer screening using a fecal occult blood test (FOBT) in an Australian rural community, and to assess the demographic characteristics and individual perspectives associated with repeat screening. Methods:, Potential participants from round 1 (50,74 years of age) were sent an intervention package and asked to return a completed FOBT (n = 3406). Doctors of participants testing positive referred to colonoscopy as appropriate. Following screening, 119 participants completed qualitative telephone interviews. Multivariable logistic regression models evaluated the association between round-2 participation and other variables. Results:, Round-2 participation was 34.7%; the strongest predictor was participation in round 1. Repeat participants were more likely to be female; inconsistent screeners were more likely to be younger (aged 50,59 years). The proportion of positive FOBT was 12.7%, that of colonoscopy compliance was 98.6%, and the positive predictive value for cancer or adenoma of advanced pathology was 23.9%. Reasons for participation included testing as a precautionary measure or having family history/friends with colorectal cancer; reasons for non-participation included apathy or doctors' advice against screening. Conclusion:, Participation was relatively low and consistent across rounds. Unless suitable strategies are identified to overcome behavioral trends and/or to screen out ineligible participants, little change in overall participation rates can be expected across rounds. [source] Edentulism and associated factors in people 60 years and over from urban, rural and remote Western AustraliaAUSTRALIAN DENTAL JOURNAL, Issue 1 2003C. Adams Abstract Background: Edentulism is declining in the aged, in turn increasing demand on dental services. The aim of this study was to describe the pattern of edentulism and associated factors for people 60 years or over in urban, rural and remote Western Australia. Methods: A cross-sectional telephone interview survey was conducted of 2100 people aged 60 years or over (urban n=800, rural n=800, remote n=500), identified through the State Electoral Roll, who were living in non-institutionalized accommodation in Western Australia and who were able to speak English sufficiently well to be interviewed in English. Results: The main outcome measure was edentulism. The prevalence of edentulism was 25 per cent for people in urban areas, 34 per cent for people in rural areas and 32 per cent for people in remote areas. Respondents aged 60,69 years had less than half the edentulism than respondents aged 80 years or over. Multivariable logistic regression models showed geographic location, age, gender, education and occupation were significantly associated with edentulism. Conclusions: The percentage of edentulism was highest in rural areas with some clear demographic trends. These future aged cohorts are likely to follow the same patterns of social and geographic disadvantage as found for the current edentate cohort. The results were consistent with other studies while providing state level multivariate results to assist service planning. [source] Are All Trauma Centers Created Equally?ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Issue 7 2010A Statewide Analysis ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2010; 17:701,708 © 2010 by the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine Abstract Objectives:, Prior work has shown differences in mortality at different levels of trauma centers (TCs). There are limited data comparing mortality of equivalently verified TCs. This study sought to assess the potential differences in mortality as well as discharge destination (discharge to home vs. to a rehabilitation center or skilled nursing facility) across Level I TCs in the state of Ohio. Methods:, This was a retrospective, multicenter, statewide analysis of a state trauma registry of American College of Surgeons (ACS)-verified Level I TCs from 2003 to 2006. All adult (>15 years) patients transferred from the scene to one of the 10 Level I TCs throughout the state were included (n = 16,849). Multivariable logistic regression models were developed to assess for differences in mortality, keeping each TC as a fixed-effect term and adjusting for patient demographics, injury severity, mechanism of injury, and emergency medical services and emergency department procedures. Outcomes included in-hospital mortality and discharge destination (home vs. rehabilitation center or skilled nursing facility). Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for each TC were also calculated. Results:, Considerable variability existed in unadjusted mortality between the centers, from 3.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.7% to 3.9%) to 24.2% (95% CI = 24.1% to 24.3%), despite similar patient characteristics and injury severity. Adjusted mortality had similar variability as well, ranging from an OR of 0.93 (95% CI = 0.47 to 1.84) to an OR of 6.02 (95% CI= 3.70 to 9.79). Similar results were seen with the secondary outcomes (discharge destination). Conclusions:, There is considerable variability in the mortality of injured patients at Level I TCs in the state of Ohio. The patient differences or care processes responsible for this variation should be explored. [source] Obesity is associated with a higher risk of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma than with other histologiesBJU INTERNATIONAL, Issue 1 2010William T. Lowrance Study Type , Prognosis (cohort) Level of Evidence 2a OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and histology of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in a contemporary cohort, as obesity is increasingly prevalent in the USA and might be contributing to the increasing incidence of RCC, but little is known about the relationship of obesity with the different histological subtypes of RCC. PATIENTS AND METHODS From January 2000 to December 2007 we identified 1640 patients with renal cortical tumours undergoing surgical extirpation at our institution, and who had their BMI recorded. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to test the association of BMI with RCC histology. RESULTS The median (interquartile range) BMI was 28 (25,32) kg/m2 and 38% of patients were classified as obese (BMI >30 kg/m2). After adjusting for tumour size, age, gender, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, estimated glomerular filtration rate, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and smoking, the BMI was significantly associated with clear-cell histology; the odds ratios were 1.04 for each unit of BMI (95% confidence interval, CI, 1.02,1.06; P < 0.001) and 1.48 when comparing obese vs non-obese patients (95% CI 1.19,1.84; P < 0.001). In the subgroup of patients with RCC (excluding benign renal cortical tumours), BMI was still an independent predictor of clear-cell histology (odds ratio 1.04, 95% CI 1.02,1.06, P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that BMI is an independent predictor of clear-cell histology in patients with a renal cortical tumour. While the aetiology of this phenomenon requires further study, these findings might have implications in determining a patient's risk of harbouring a clear-cell RCC and in subsequent treatment recommendations. [source] The presentation and outcome of heart failure in patients with rheumatoid arthritis differs from that in the general populationARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM, Issue 9 2008John M. Davis III Objective To compare the clinical presentation, management, and outcome of heart failure in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared with non-RA patients. Methods We conducted a community-based cohort study in the setting of Olmsted County, Minnesota, from 1979 to 2000. One hundred three patients with RA and 852 non-RA patients with incident heart failure (physician diagnosed and Framingham criteria validated) were compared. Age- and sex-adjusted rates/frequencies and multivariable logistic regression models were used to compare the clinical features and mortality of heart failure following its onset in the 2 groups of patients. Results The patients with RA were more often female and less frequently were obese, were hypertensive, or had ischemic heart disease. Patients with RA and heart failure had fewer typical symptoms and signs and were less likely to undergo echocardiography compared with non-RA patients. After adjusting for differences, the patients with RA and heart failure were more likely to have preserved ejection fraction (,50%). Mortality at 1 year following heart failure was higher in patients with RA compared with non-RA patients (35% versus 19%; multivariable hazard ratio 1.89, 95% confidence interval 1.26,2.84). Conclusion Both the clinical presentation and the outcome of heart failure differ significantly between patients with and those without RA from the same population. Among patients with RA, the presentation of heart failure is more subtle, myocardial function is more likely preserved, while mortality from heart failure is significantly higher. These findings emphasize the importance of more vigilant screening of patients with RA for early signs of heart failure and may represent important insights into the biologic mechanisms underlying heart failure in RA. [source] Allergy in day care children: prevalence and environmental risk factorsACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 5 2009Katja Hatakka Abstract Aim: To investigate the prevalence of atopic disease among Finnish day care children and the relationship between atopy and environmental factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 594 day care children aged 1,6 years from Helsinki, Finland. Each child's history of atopic diseases and environmental exposure was collected in a questionnaire completed by the parents. Results: The prevalence of diagnosed asthma was 0.9% for the 1,3-year olds and 5.5% for the 4,6-year olds, atopic eczema/dermatis was 16% in both groups, and allergic rhinitis 5% in the younger group, 9% in the older group. According to multivariable logistic regression models, breastfeeding (exclusive ,4 months or partial ,6 months) reduced the risk of atopic diseases (OR = 0.60; CI95 0.39,0.93, p = 0.021). Atopic diseases were more common in the oldest age group, 5,6-year olds, compared to the youngest, 1,2-year olds (OR = 2.18; CI95 1.14,4.15, p = 0.018). One parent with atopic disease increased the child's risk (OR = 1.89; CI95 1.20,2.97, p = 0.006), more so if both parents had a history (OR = 3.17; CI95 1.48,6.78, p = 0.003). Conclusion: Our results support the hypothesis that breastfeeding for at least six months may protect against atopic diseases. The child's greater age (5,6 years) and parental history of atopic diseases increased the risk of atopy. [source] | ||||||||||