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Multiple Tumours (multiple + tumour)
Selected AbstractsEvolution of prognostic factors in hepatocellular carcinoma in JapanALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, Issue 3 2010K. NOUSO Aliment Pharmacol Ther,31, 407,414 Summary Background, The surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has become prevalent, and the modalities for its treatment have improved. Aim, To understand the changes that occur in the characteristics and prognostic factors of HCC with time. Methods, Newly diagnosed HCC patients were divided into two groups; patients treated before 31 December 2000 (n = 504), and after 1 January 2001 (n = 746), and their clinical backgrounds and prognostic factors were analysed. Results, The number of patients negative for both Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and Hepatitis C virus antibody (HCVAb) increased with time (NBNC-HCC). The size of HCC decreased in patients who were positive for HBsAg (B-HCC) or HCVAb (C-HCC), whereas no difference was observed in NBNC-HCC. The patient survival of C-HCC improved; however, no difference was detected for NBNC-HCC. In multivariate analysis, low albumin, high aspartate aminotransferase (AST), ascites, large tumour size, multiple tumour number and high alpha-fetoprotein were risk factors for survival before 2000, whereas the presence of HBsAg was additionally selected as a good prognostic factor and AST was excluded after 2001. Conclusions, The prognostic factors as well as clinical background of HCC changed with time, and the presence of HBsAg was found to be an additional good prognostic factor after 2001. [source] Genomic and immunophenotypical differences between hepatocellular carcinoma with and without cirrhosisHISTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 6 2010Maria S Tretiakova Tretiakova M S, Shabani-Rad M T, Guggisberg K, Hart J, Anders R A & Gao Z-h (2010) Histopathology,56, 683,693 Genomic and immunophenotypical differences between hepatocellular carcinoma with and without cirrhosis Aims:, To compare the expression of genes involved in p53, Wnt/,-catenin, and retinoblastoma (Rb) 1 pathways between cirrhosis-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC-C) and hepatocellular carcinoma arising in non-cirrhotic liver (HCC-NC). Methods and results:, The gene expression profile was analysed using oligo-DNA arrays, and then validated at protein level in a tissue microarray using immunohistochemistry. Compared with their background non-neoplastic liver tissue, HCC-C showed a significantly higher rate of p53, ,-catenin (protein only) and cyclin D1 expression, whereas HCC-NC showed a significantly higher rate of p21Waf1/cip1 and p27Kip1 expression. HCC-C had a significantly higher rate of p53 expression and a significantly lower rate of p21waf1/cip1 expression than HCC-NC. There was no statistically significant association between the expression of genetic markers and tumour histological grade, underlying aetiology, or lymphovascular invasion. Aberrant ,-catenin expression was more commonly seen in single tumours in comparison with multiple tumours. Increased p16INK4 and p21waf1/cip1 expression was more commonly observed in large-sized tumours (>50 mm) than small-sized tumours. Conclusions:, Alteration of the p53 pathway plays a more important role in the pathogenesis of HCC-C, whereas alterations in cell cycle regulators p21waf1/cip1 and p27Kip1 play a more important role in the pathogenesis of HCC-NC. [source] Reporting lung cancer pathology specimens.HISTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 1 2009Impact of the anticipated 7th Edition TNM Classification based on recommendations of the IASLC Staging Committee Led by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC), there are currently several major international collaborative projects underway that will have a significant impact on the future reporting of lung cancer pathology. In particular, the IASLC Staging Committee has just completed an analysis of >100 000 lung cancer cases, providing the basis for proposed revisions of the current TNM staging classification. The purpose of this review is not to provide a comprehensive document on recommendations for specimen processing, but rather to discuss how the anticipated changes in the 7th edition TNM will impact on specimen processing, specifically looking at tumour size, how to deal with multiple tumours and visceral pleural invasion. TNM staging of carcinoid tumours and small cell carcinoma is also discussed. [source] Ki-67 expression in non-tumour epithelium adjacent to oral cancer as risk marker for multiple oral tumoursORAL DISEASES, Issue 1 2010MA González-Moles Objective:, The aim of this study was to determine whether the differential assessment of epithelial proliferation is useful to diagnose premalignant fields and assess the risk of multiple tumours. Material and methods:, We analysed 83 oral carcinomas with associated non-tumour epithelium classified as distant or close according to its distance (> or <1 cm) from the invasion point, and as squamous hyperplasia, mild, moderate, severe dysplasia or carcinoma in situ. Twenty-five healthy oral mucosa samples were used as controls. An immunohistochemical technique was applied using Mib-1. Ki-67 in premalignant epithelium was assessed in basal layer, parabasal layer, medium and upper third. Results:, Parabasal expression was significantly higher or showed a tendency to be higher in close and distant epithelia with any histological grade than in the controls. Parabasal Ki-67 significantly differed between distant epithelia associated with multiple vs single tumours (P < 0.001) and between distant epithelia associated with multiple tumours vs controls (P < 0.001). This difference was not observed between distant epithelia associated with single tumours and controls (P = 0.175). The cut-off point that differentiated epithelia associated with multiple tumours was >50% of Ki-67 + parabasal cells in distant epithelia, which yielded 0.88 sensitivity and 0.79 specificity. Conclusions:, The concept of a precancerous field may be linked to an increase in the proliferative activity of parabasal cells. [source] Phaeochromocytoma, new genes and screening strategiesCLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY, Issue 6 2006Anne-Paule Gimenez-Roqueplo Summary Following recent advances in the genetics of phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas, the members of the European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumours (ENS@T) Phaeochromocytoma Working Group have decided to share their genotyping data and to propose European recommendations for phaeochromocytoma/functional paraganglioma (PH/FPGL) genetic testing. Germline DNA from 642 patients was analysed by ENS@T teams. In 166 patients (25ˇ9%) the disease was familial and caused by germline mutations in VHL (56), SDHB (34), SDHD (31), RET (31) or NF1 (14), causing von Hippel-Lindau disease, SDHB- or SDHD-PH/FPGL syndromes, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2) and type 1 neurofibromatosis (NF1), respectively. In almost 60% of inherited cases it was possible to formulate a probable genetic diagnosis based on family history and/or typical syndromic presentation. Genetic testing revealed mutations in 12ˇ7% of cases with an apparently sporadic presentation. Several clinical characteristics, such as young age at onset, the presence of bilateral, extra-adrenal or multiple tumours or a malignant tumour, should be seen as indications for genetic testing. The ENS@T Phaeochromocytoma Working Group recommends the genetic testing of all patients with PH and FPGL and suggests a practice algorithm for the management of their exploration. [source] |