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Multiple Metastases (multiple + metastase)
Selected AbstractsMultiple metastases of thyroid cancer in the cranium and pituitary gland in two dogsJOURNAL OF SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE, Issue 4 2007S. Tamura Two dogs, a 14-year-old, female American Eskimo dog and a 14-year-old, male Maltese dog, were presented with thalamic syndromes, including lowered levels of consciousness, poor postural responses and presence of masses in the neck region. In both dogs, magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple masses inside the cranium, including the pituitary gland. One dog died from status epilepticus two days after magnetic resonance imaging and the other died two months after magnetic resonance imaging from respiratory failure. These dogs were histopathologically diagnosed with multiple metastases of thyroid cancer occurring inside the cranium, including the pituitary gland. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first time this tumour pattern has been reported in dogs, but it is possible that it is not uncommon. [source] Immunotherapy against metastatic renal cell carcinoma with mature dendritic cellsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, Issue 4 2007Akihiko Matsumoto Objective: We performed a clinical trial of immunotherapy using autologous mature dendritic cells (DC) pulsed with autologous tumor lysate, for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Methods: Patients with refractory metastatic RCC were enrolled in the study. All of them received interferon (IFN)-, treatment after nephrectomy and were followed over 3 months prior to this study. Autologous monocyte-derived immature DC were pulsed with lysate from autologous primary tumor as the antigen and keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) as immunomodulator, and cultured in the presence of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-,, interleukin (IL)-1,, and prostaglandin (PG)E2 to generate mature DC. Mature DC were injected intradermally near bilateral inguinal lymph nodes of the patients. A delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) test and enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay were performed to evaluate the immunological response. After 4 months from first injection, the clinical effect was evaluated by diagnostic imaging. Results: The treatments were well tolerated without significant toxicity by the patients who were an average of 65.7 years old and had multiple metastases in the lung and other organs. One of the two patients developed a positive DTH reaction to tumor lysate and the other patient only to KLH. The patient with a positive DTH reaction to tumor lysate had stable disease in the clinical evaluation. Conclusions: We confirmed the safety of DC therapy in this clinical trial. The DTH test revealed that the DC therapy induced immunological response to RCC. On the other hand, it was necessary to reconsider the patient selection criteria. [source] Multiple metastases of thyroid cancer in the cranium and pituitary gland in two dogsJOURNAL OF SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE, Issue 4 2007S. Tamura Two dogs, a 14-year-old, female American Eskimo dog and a 14-year-old, male Maltese dog, were presented with thalamic syndromes, including lowered levels of consciousness, poor postural responses and presence of masses in the neck region. In both dogs, magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple masses inside the cranium, including the pituitary gland. One dog died from status epilepticus two days after magnetic resonance imaging and the other died two months after magnetic resonance imaging from respiratory failure. These dogs were histopathologically diagnosed with multiple metastases of thyroid cancer occurring inside the cranium, including the pituitary gland. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first time this tumour pattern has been reported in dogs, but it is possible that it is not uncommon. [source] Decrease in intrahepatic CD56+ lymphocytes in gastric and colorectal cancer patients with liver metastasesAPMIS, Issue 12 2009MAYA GULUBOVA The aim of the study was to examine the main intrahepatic lymphocyte subpopulations, namely CD3+ lymphocytes, natural killer (NK)-like T lymphocytes (NKT) expressing the CD3+ CD56+ phenotype, CD56+ NK cells, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells in livers of patients with gastric and colorectal cancer with and without hepatic metastases. The proportion of each lymphocyte subset was determined in 34 patients with gastric or colorectal cancer (18 with and 16 without liver metastasis) by two-color flow cytometry after extraction of hepatic mononuclear cell fraction. The distribution of lymphocyte subpopulations in selected areas of liver metastases and adjacent liver tissue was evaluated using immunohistochemistry for CD4, CD8, and CD56. Flow cytometry analysis revealed a significant decrease in the proportion of CD3+ CD56+ cells in metastatic livers, but not in nonmetastatic livers (11.9 ± 10.3 vs 24.2 ± 13.6%, p = 0.02). The percentage of intrahepatic CD3,CD56+ cells was also decreased in patients with metastases compared to those without (10.1 ± 11.6 vs 16.6 ± 8.9%, p = 0.039). Immunohistochemically, three types of lymphocytes (CD4+, CD8+, and CD56+) were present in the metastatic tissue, although the number of CD56+ cells was almost twice lower. We found a low prevalence of tumor-infiltrating CD4+, CD8+, and CD56+ cells in livers with multiple metastases, whereas in cases with solitary metastasis a higher degree of lymphocyte infiltration was observed. The number of CD3,CD56+ and CD3+ CD56+ cells was decreased in metastatic livers compared to those unaffected by metastases. Therefore the prevalence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes seems to be related to the progression of metastatic liver disease. Depletion of hepatic innate lymphocytes may reveal susceptibility to metastatic liver disease and could be a reason for the escape of metastatic cells from the mechanisms of liver immune control. [source] Effect of type of resection on outcome of hepatic resection for colorectal metastases,BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY (NOW INCLUDES EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY), Issue 10 2007R. J. B. Finch Background: Non-anatomical liver resections have become more common in the management of colorectal liver metastases. This study examined survival and patterns of recurrence following surgery for colorectal liver metastases. Methods: Data were collected prospectively on all patients who had hepatic surgery for colorectal liver metastases at St James' University Hospital, Leeds between 1993 and May 2003, and analysed with respect to type of resection. Results: A total of 96 patients underwent non-anatomical liver resection, 280 patients had an anatomical resection, and 108 patients had a combined procedure. There was no significant difference in overall survival between the anatomical and non-anatomical groups (hazard ratio 1·14 (95 per cent confidence interval 0·60 to 2·17); P = 0·691). Intrahepatic recurrence was significantly less common in the anatomical group, whereas morbidity and mortality rates were lower in the non-anatomical group. On multivariable analysis, multiple metastases and poorer primary T stage predicted poorer overall survival and a positive resection margin predicted poorer disease-free survival. Conclusion: Non-anatomical resection can be performed with lower rates of surgical morbidity and mortality than anatomical resection, and does not disadvantage the patient in terms of overall survival. Copyright © 2007 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Pleomorphic phenotypes of gastrointestinal stromal tumors at metastatic sites with or without imatinib treatmentCANCER SCIENCE, Issue 5 2010Kazuha Sakamoto Secondary resistance of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) to tyrosine kinase inhibitors occurs after several years' administration. However, the mechanism of resistance has not been fully clarified. In this study, we analyzed the genotypes and the histologic and immunohistochemical phenotypes of metastatic GISTs with and without imatinib treatment, and clarified the pleomorphic nature of metastatic GISTs. We examined 31 autopsy cases in which the patients died of multiple metastases of GISTs, and two surgically resected specimens with and without imatinib treatment. A total of 152 primary and metastatic lesions in 33 cases of GISTs were examined for histologic and immunohistochemical expression of KIT and CD34. We analyzed the expression of other receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) in KIT-negative lesions, including human EGFR-related 2 (HER2), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET), platelet-derived growth factor receptor-, (PDGFRA), and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-, (PDGFRB). Fifteen lesions in seven cases (9.9%) lacked KIT expression, and 74 (49%) in 22 cases lacked CD34 expression. Eight KIT-negative lesions in five cases expressed PDGFRB, one of which also expressed EGFR, and three lesions in one case expressed MET. Results for the other RTKs were negative. Missense point mutations at PDGFRB gene exon 12 were detected in one PDGFRB-positive case. Our results indicate that histomorphology, immunohistochemical phenotypes, and genotypes of metastatic GISTs vary among lesions, even in cases without imatinib treatment. A KIT-independent mechanism, such as activation of other RTKs, might participate in the proliferation of late-stage GISTs and might be a cause of secondary imatinib resistance. (Cancer Sci 2010; 101: 1270,1278) [source] | ||||||||||