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Multiple Blood Transfusions (multiple + blood_transfusion)
Selected AbstractsGB virus type C infection in hemodialysis patients considering co-infection with hepatitis C virusJOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY, Issue 7 2008S.M. Hosseini-Moghaddam Abstract GB virus type C is a well-known viral agent with capability of infecting patients undergoing hemodialysis. Liver enzyme levels in infected individuals have been reported to remain within the normal range. Simultaneous infection of GBV-C and other viral agents may occur due to common routes of transmission. A total of 104 hemodialysis patients living in Tehran were included in this case-control study (53 patients with HCV infection, group I; and 51 with no HCV infection, group II). Diagnosis was made by detection Anti-E2 protein using ELISA and HCV,RNA using RT-PCR. History of HBV-infection, organ transplantation, depression, malignancies, chemotherapy, diabetes mellitus, thyroid disorders and chronic cutaneous disorders were considered. Patients were evaluated for high- risk behaviors such as intravenous drug injection, addiction or substance abuse. A total of 14 patients (13.6%) were GBV-C-infected. Four of them were co-infected with HCV. All patients with GBV-C infection had viral genotype 2. Thirteen patients (12%) had a history of multiple blood transfusions. Mean (±SD) age of GBV-C-infected patients was 48.7,±,13.8 years. Among GBV-C infected patients, three patients had a history of organ transplantation and three had a co-morbidity of diabetes mellitus. This study as the first case-control study to evaluate the association between GBV-C and HCV infection, to our knowledge, shows hemodialysis patients living in Tehran are infected with GBV-C with intermediate level of frequency. The association of GBV-C transmission with other viral blood-borne agents might be necessary. J. Med. Virol. 80: 1260,1263, 2008. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Real-Time quantitative PCR analysis of factor XI mRNA variants in human plateletsJOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS, Issue 10 2004A. Podmore Summary., Coagulation factor XI (FXI) plays an essential role in blood coagulation. A deficiency of FXI is an unusual hemorrhagic diathesis in that the bleeding tendency can be highly variable, ranging from severe deficiencies with no symptoms to mild and moderate deficiencies requiring multiple blood transfusions for hemorrhages. This variability in bleeding has been attributed to a number of factors including the presence of a novel form of FXI associated with platelets, which ameliorates the bleeding in some cases of FXI deficiency. However, the nature of this platelet FXI molecule is controversial. Hsu et al. (J Biol Chem 1998; 273: 13787,93) suggest that it is a product of normal FXI , but lacking exon V whilst Martincic et al. (Blood 1999; 94: 3397,404) were unable to detect this alternatively spliced variant using RT-PCR. In order to resolve this controversy, we have employed the highly sensitive technique of real-time quantitative RT-PCR using RNA isolated from FXI-deficient patients. Our results indicate that the platelets of both normal and FXI deficient individuals contain FXI mRNA that is identical to the mRNA found in liver. An exon V deleted splice variant was not detected. Thus the FXI message is not alternatively spliced in platelets and therefore would not be able to produce an unusual FXI protein. [source] Do multiple blood transfusions predispose for a higher rate of non-blood-related infection complications?CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION, Issue 7 2002S. R. Leal Noval Allogeneic transfusions of red blood cell (RBC) concentrates have been related to an increase in postoperative infections. Leukocytes present in RBC units might have deleterious effects on the receptor immune system, provoking a state of immunosuppression that favors the development of postoperative infections (TRIM effect). The bioactive substances released by leukocytes in a time-dependent form, accumulating in blood components during storage, might be responsible for the TRIM effect. Multiple observational studies with logistic regression have demonstrated a direct relationship between transfusion and infection. However, several factors related to surgical difficulty and patient illness severity might act as strong confounding variables on the relationship studied. Randomized controlled trials designed to establish a causal relationship between transfusion and infection have yielded contradictory results. While we await new studies, allogeneic transfusions should be considered as a possible risk factor for postoperative infection. [source] Factors affecting kidney-transplant outcome in recipients with lupus nephritisCLINICAL TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 3 2008Hongying Tang Abstract:, Background:, Factors associated with outcome in renal transplant recipients with lupus nephritis have not been studied. Methods:, Using the data from the United States Renal Data System of patients transplanted between January 1, 1995 through December 31, 2002 (and followed through December 31, 2003) (n = 2882), we performed a retrospective analysis of factors associated with long-term death-censored graft survival and recipient survival. Results:, The number of pretransplant pregnancies incrementally increased the risk of graft failure [hazard ratio (HR) 1.54, p < 0.05] in the entire subgroup of females and in the subgroup of recipients aged 25,35 yr. Recipient and donor age had an association with both the risk of graft failure (HR 0.96, p < 0.001; HR 1.01, p < 0.005) and recipient death (HR 1.04, p < 0.001; HR 1.01, p < 0.05). Greater graft-failure risk accompanied increased recipient weight (HR 1.01, p < 0.001); African Americans compared with whites (HR 1.55, p < 0.001); greater Charlson comorbidity index (HR 1.17, p < 0.05); and greater panel reactive antibody (PRA) levels (HR 1.06, p < 0.001). Pretransplant peritoneal dialysis as the predominant modality had an association with decreased risk of graft failure (HR 0.49, p < 0.001), while prior transplantation was associated with greater risk of graft failure and recipient death (HR 2.29, p < 0.001; HR 3.59, p < 0.001, respectively) compared with hemodialysis (HD). The number of matched human leukocyte antigens (HLA) antigens and living donors (HR 0.92, p < 0.05; HR 0.64, p < 0.001, respectively) was associated with decreased risk of graft failure. Increased risk of graft failure and recipient death was associated with nonuse of calcineurin inhibitors (HR 1.89, p < 0.005; HR 1.80, p < 0.005) and mycophenolic acid (MPA) (including mycophenolate mofetil and MPA) or azathioprine (HR 1.41, p < 0.05; HR 1.66, p < 0.01). Using both cyclosporine and tacrolimus was associated with increased risk of graft failure (HR 2.09, p < 0.05). Using MPA is associated with greater risk of recipient death compared with azathioprine (HR 1.47, p < 0.05). Conclusion:, In renal transplant recipients with lupus nephritis, multiple pregnancies, multiple blood transfusions, greater comorbidity index, higher body weight, age and African American race of the donor or recipient, prior history of transplantation, greater PRA levels, lower level of HLA matching, deceased donors, and HD in pretransplant period have an association with increased risk of graft failure. Similarly, higher recipient and donor age, prior transplantations, and higher rate of pretransplant transfusions are associated with greater risk of recipient mortality. Using neither cyclosporine nor tacrolimus or using both (compared with tacrolimus) and neither MPA nor azathioprine (compared with azathioprine) was associated with increased risk of graft failure and recipient death. Using MPA is associated with greater risk of recipient death compared with azathioprine. Testing these results in a prospective study might provide important information for clinical practice. [source] | ||||||||||