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Multiple Analyses (multiple + analysis)
Selected AbstractsIntegrated selective enrichment target , a microtechnology platform for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry applied on protein biomarkers in prostate diseasesELECTROPHORESIS, Issue 21-22 2004Simon Ekström Abstract The performance of a miniaturized sample processing platform for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS), manufactured by silicon microfabrication, called integrated selective enrichment target (ISET) technology was evaluated in a biological context. The ISET serves as both sample treatment device and MALDI-MS target, and contains an array of 96 perforated nanovials, which each can be filled with 40 nL of reversed-phase beads. This methodology minimizes the number of sample transfers and the total surface area available for undesired adsorption of the analytes in order to provide high-sensitivity analysis. ISET technology was successfully applied for characterization of proteins coisolated by affinity chromatography of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) from human seminal fluid. The application of ISET sample preparation enabled multiple analyses to be performed on a limited sample volume, which resulted in the discovery that prolactin inducible protein (PIP) was coisolated from the samples. [source] Consistency, context and confidence in judgements of affective communication in adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilitiesJOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH, Issue 1 2001J. Hogg Abstract Twenty-four service providers rated 12 video samples of four service users with whom they were familiar for affective behaviour (i.e. ,like'/,dislike') and confidence (i.e. ,certain'/'uncertain') in their judgement. Each video sample had been recorded as part of a stimulus preference assessment during which a wide range of specific stimuli were presented to each service user. Each video sample was presented twice in a counterbalanced design either with contextual information, i.e. what the presented stimulus was (C) or without such information, i.e. context free (CF). The observers showed considerable individual variation in their judgements, largely uninfluenced by the availability or otherwise of contextual information. However, as a group, observers significantly distinguished between video samples with regard to affective communication (determined through multiple analyses of variance) and the pattern of judgements, i.e. the relative judgement of positive or negative affect, from one sample to another. This showed a good level of consistency between observers (determined through principal components analysis). The impact of contextual information was not apparent for all video samples. However, contextual information significantly influenced judgements in four samples, typically making them more extreme; for example, a response indicative of positive affect in the CF situation became more positive when contextual information was provided, indicating that the stimulus was one that the participant was thought to like. [source] Development of a high throughput protein a well-plate purification method for monoclonal antibodiesBIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS, Issue 5 2009Jennifer Hopp Abstract We have developed a new high throughput method for the purification of monoclonal antibodies from harvested cell culture fluid for analytical characterization. This method uses Protein A resin in a 96 well-plate format with protein loading sufficient to perform multiple analyses per well. Resin and buffer conditions were optimized to obtain aggregate and charge variant comparability with three preparative Protein A purified monoclonal antibodies. We are able to successfully demonstrate comparability for aggregate within 0.25% based upon size-exclusion chromatography. Acidic species were found to be within 2% from the preparative purified control based upon cation-exchange chromatography, 5% based upon capillary zone electrophoresis, and 3% based upon imaged capillary isoelectric focusing. Glycan distribution was analyzed and was within 1% of the preparative purified controls. A tryptic digest was performed and all peaks in the preparative purified control were found in the first elution from the well-plate format. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2009 [source] Modern and Holocene hydrographic characteristics of the shallow Kara Sea shelf (Siberia) as reflected by stable isotopes of bivalves and benthic foraminiferaBOREAS, Issue 3 2005JOHANNES SIMSTICH River discharge of Ob and Yenisei to the Kara Sea is highly variable on seasonal and interannual time scales. River water dominates the shallow bottom water near the river mouths, making it warmer and less saline but seasonally and interannually more changeable than bottom water on the deeper shelf. This hydrographic pattern shows up in measurements and modelling, and in stable isotope records (,18 O, ,13 C) along the growth axis of bivalve shells and in multiple analyses of single benthic foraminiferal shells. Average isotope ratios increase, but sample-internal variability decreases with water depth and distance from river mouths. However, isotope records of bivalves and foraminifera of a sediment core from a former submarine channel of Yenisei River reveal a different pattern. The retreat of the river mouth from this site due to early Holocene sea level rise led to increasing average isotope values up core, but not to the expected decrease of the in-sample isotope variability. Southward advection of cold saline water along the palaeo-river channel probably obscured the hydrographic variability during the early Holocene. Later, when sediment filled the channel, the hydrographic variability at the core location remained low, because the shallowing proceeded synchronously with the retreat of the river mouth. [source] Season of birth and multiple sclerosis in SwedenACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 1 2010J. Salzer Objective,,, To estimate the risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) by month of birth in Sweden. Materials and Methods,,, Cases (n = 9361) were obtained from the Swedish MS Registry. All births in Sweden 1900,2007 served as controls (n = 12,116,853). The risk of MS was analyzed for each month of birth separately compared with birth during the other 11 months. Results,,, More (11%) cases with MS than expected were born in June. Fewer (8% and 10%) cases with MS than expected were born in December and January (non-significant after correction for multiple analyses). More (5%) cases with MS than expected were born in February,July as compared with August,January. Conclusions,,, This study supports previous results suggesting an association between the risk of MS and the season of birth. Decreased exposure to sun in the winter leading to low vitamin D levels during pregnancy is a possible explanation that needs further research. [source] Mantophasmatodea and phylogeny of the lower neopterous insectsCLADISTICS, Issue 3 2005Matthew D. Terry Polyneoptera is a name sometimes applied to an assemblage of 11 insect orders comprising the lower neopterous or "orthopteroid" insects. These orders include familiar insects such as Orthoptera (grasshoppers), Blattodea (roaches), Isoptera (termites) (Mantodea) praying mantises, Dermaptera (earwigs), Phasmatodea (stick insects), Plecoptera (stoneflies), as well as the more obscure, Embiidina (web-spinners), Zoraptera (angel insects) and Grylloblattodea (ice-crawlers). Many of these insect orders exhibit a high degree of morphological specialization, a condition that has led to multiple phylogenetic hypotheses and little consensus among investigators. We present a phylogenetic analysis of the polyneopteran orders representing a broad range of their phylogenetic diversity and including the recently described Mantophasmatodea. These analyses are based on complete 18S rDNA, 28S rDNA, Histone 3 DNA sequences, and a previously published morphology matrix coded at the ordinal level. Extensive analyses utilizing different alignment methodologies and parameter values across a majority of possible ranges were employed to test for sensitivity of the results to ribosomal alignment and to explore patterns across the theoretical alignment landscape. Multiple methodologies support the paraphyly of Polyneoptera, the monophyly of Dictyoptera, Orthopteroidea (sensu Kukalova-Peck; i.e. Orthoptera + Phasmatodea + Embiidina), and a group composed of Plecoptera + Dermaptera + Zoraptera. Sister taxon relationships between Embiidina + Phasmatodea in a group called "Eukinolabia", and Dermaptera + Zoraptera ("Haplocercata") are also supported by multiple analyses. This analysis also supports a sister taxon relationship between the newly described Mantophasmatodea, which are endemic to arid portions of southern Africa, and Grylloblattodea, a small order of cryophilic insects confined to the north-western Americas and north-eastern Asia, in a group termed "Xenonomia". This placement, coupled with the morphological disparity of the two groups, validates the ordinal status of Mantophasmatodea. © The Willi Hennig Society 2005. [source] Hypertension, white matter change and response to cholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer's diseaseINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY, Issue 7 2005Peter J. Connelly Abstract Background Cholinesterase inhibitors are used to treat mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease. Their role in patients with concurrent cerebrovascular disease has been less well studied, and the influence of vascular risk factors on response to treatment is uncertain. We investigated the effect of hypertension and white matter lesions (WML) on response. Methods A retrospective sample of 160 consecutive out-patients who had blood pressure measured and the presence or absence of WML recorded at baseline and who completed six months treatment with a cholinesterase inhibitor was studied. Subjects scored either zero or one on the Modified Hachinski Ischaemic Scale. Subjects were assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Digit Symbol Substitution test (DSST) and both the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) and Social Behaviour (SB) sub-scales of the Nurses Observation Scale for Geriatric Patients (NOSGER). Results 43.9% of the total study population were classified as good responders using our criteria. Neither the presence of hypertension nor the presence of WML alone influenced outcome. However, there was a statistically significant interaction between blood pressure and WML on outcome variables on multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA) (F(4,,139),=,5.60, p,<,0.0005). Subjects with both hypertension and WML deteriorate to a significantly greater extent in IADL and SB scores than any other group (p,<,0.05 in each case). This effect could not be explained by age or by smoking status. Conclusion Our results support the hypothesis that there is an interaction between hypertension and WML that adversely influences functional change during cholinesterase inhibitor treatment. Our results are a contrast to suggestions that subjects with vascular disease show a better response to cholinesterase inhibitors. We recommend careful exploration of factors that may influence outcome. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Differences in motives between Millennial and Generation X medical studentsMEDICAL EDUCATION, Issue 6 2010Nicole J Borges Medical Education 2010:44:570,576 Objectives, Three domains comprise the field of human assessment: ability, motive and personality. Differences in personality and cognitive abilities between generations have been documented, but differences in motive between generations have not been explored. This study explored generational differences in medical students regarding motives using the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT). Methods, Four hundred and twenty six students (97% response rate) at one medical school (Generation X = 229, Millennials = 197) who matriculated in 1995 & 1996 (Generation X) or in 2003 & 2004 (Millennials) wrote a story after being shown two TAT picture cards. Student stories for each TAT card were scored for different aspects of motives: Achievement, Affiliation, and Power. Results, A multiple analysis of variance (p < 0.05) showed significant differences between Millennials' and Generation X-ers' needs for Power on both TAT cards and needs for Achievement and Affiliation on one TAT card. The main effect for gender was significant for both TAT cards regarding Achievement. No main effect for ethnicity was noted. Conclusions, Differences in needs for Achievement, Affiliation and Power exist between Millennial and Generation X medical students. Generation X-ers scored higher on the motive of Power, whereas Millennials scored higher on the motives of Achievement and Affiliation. 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