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Multidimensional Perspective (multidimensional + perspective)
Selected AbstractsA stronger latent-variable methodology to actual,ideal discrepancyEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY, Issue 7 2008L. Francesca Scalas Abstract We introduce a latent actual,ideal discrepancy (LAID) approach based on structural equation models (SEMs) with multiple indicators and empirically weighted variables. In Study 1, we demonstrate with simulated data, the superiority of a weighted approach to discrepancy in comparison to a classic unweighted one. In Study 2, we evaluate the effects of actual and ideal appearance on physical self-concept and self-esteem. Actual appearance contributes positively to physical self-concept and self-esteem, whereas ideal appearance contributes negatively. In support of multidimensional perspective, actual - and ideal -appearance effects on self-esteem are substantially,but not completely,mediated by physical self-concept. Whereas this pattern of results generalises across gender and age, multiple-group invariance tests show that the effect of actual appearance on physical self-concept is larger for women than for men. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] A longitudinal evaluation of two-year outcome in a community-based mental health service using graphical chain modelsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF METHODS IN PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH, Issue 1 2004The South-Verona Outcome Project Abstract The 2-year outcome of 178 patients attending a community-based mental health service was assessed from a multidimensional perspective. The study investigated: (1) the effect of disease-related characteristics (such as diagnosis and illness duration) and of a series of outcome variables measured at baseline (global functioning, psychopathology, social disability, quality of life and satisfaction with services) on total costs of care over 2 years; and (2) the effect of costs of care and outcome variables measured at baseline on the corresponding outcome variables at 2 years. To gain insight into the multivariate longitudinal dependencies among variables, we used graphical Gaussian chain models, a new multivariate method that analyses the relationship between continuous variables taking into account the effect of antecedent and intervening variables, to reveal not only direct but also indirect correlations. Outcome variables showed the tendency to segregate, both at baseline and follow-up, into two distinct groups: a clinician-rated dimension (given by global functioning, social disability and psychopathology) and a patient-rated dimension (given by service satisfaction and subjective quality of life). Higher costs at 2 years were predicted by higher psychopathology at baseline, diagnosis of psychosis and longer duration of illness. Baseline values for each variable were the main predictors of the corresponding values at two years. Improvement in satisfaction with life at follow-up was experienced in those subjects with a lower functioning at baseline. This study throws some light on the complex relationships between clinical, social and economic variables affecting the medium-term outcome of mental health care. Copyright © 2004 Whurr Publishers Ltd. [source] The right of all nations to access science, new technologies and sustainable developmentINTERNATIONAL SOCIAL SCIENCE JOURNAL, Issue 197-198 2009Mohammad Reza Majidi This article explores the need for reflection on the right of developing countries to science and technology in addition to explaining the place of the scientific rights of nations in human rights as a whole. The discussion was conducted in relation to sustainable development. Through the examination of the current situation and the challenges to sustainable development, and taking into account the imbalance in the distribution of the benefits of science and new technologies, the authors advocate a comprehensive approach to promote cooperation and capacity-building in this area. They argue that linkages should be adopted between micro-levels and macro-levels of analysis by elevating rights and related issues from individuals to the national level in the field of the right to science and technology, and from the national to the international level in the field of sustainable development in order to institutionalise and ensure individual and national rights to science, technology and sustainable development. The authors also believe in a multidimensional perspective based on the balanced flourishing of the material and immaterial aspects of humankind in order to realise these rights in the context of dialogue and cultural diversity and to promote the culture of sustainable and dynamic peace based on justice in knowledge societies. [source] Residential Facilities in the Community for People with Intellectual Disabilities: How Neighbours' Perceptions are Affected by the Interaction of Facility and Neighbour VariablesJOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES, Issue 2 2001C. Schwartz The present paper reports a study of neighbours' perceptions of community-based residential facilities for people with intellectual disabilities (IDs). Whereas earlier studies have researched the effect of single variables, the present paper breaks new ground by taking a multidimensional perspective. It analyses neighbourhood acceptance as a variable explainable by interactions between facility variables and the nature of the neighbourhood population itself. Two hundred and eight neighbours of 36 urban community facilities for people with IDs were surveyed, plus the facility managers. The individual characteristics of the neighbours which were found to relate to facility impact included: having young children at home; having a disabled family member; knowing that the neighbourhood contained a facility; and visiting the facility. Pertinent facility variables were: size, degree of supervision, and the pre- and post-entry strategies used by managers to gain local acceptance for the facility. Most importantly, the present study found that none of these variables can be considered or used in isolation. The direction of their effect can be positive or negative according to the variables which they interact with. Theoretical aspects of the findings are discussed and interventions are suggested which might improve the community integration of people with IDs. [source] Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Pain Impact InventoryPAIN PRACTICE, Issue 6 2009Ulf Jakobsson PhD Abstract Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop and psychometrically evaluate an instrument for measuring the impact of chronic pain on daily life. Methods: The study comprised 384 respondents (aged between 18,102 years) who reported chronic pain. The instrument "Pain Impact Inventory" (PII) was evaluated in terms of face, content, construct and criterion validity, as well as two reliability measures. Reliability was measured by means of test,retest (with a 2-week interval) while Cronbach's alpha was used to measure internal consistency. Results: The results showed that the PII had acceptable validity and reliability. The PII contains 20 items and was found to have a nested design with five sub-scales (Physical impact, Psychological impact, Impact on social life, Social support, and Control) and two overarching dimensions ("Impact" and "Support"). Conclusions: The initial tests showed that the PII seems to be a psychometrically sound instrument for measuring the impact of pain on daily life from a multidimensional perspective. [source] DartBoards and Clovers as new tools in sustainability planning and controlBUSINESS STRATEGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT, Issue 7 2007Massimiliano Bonacchi Abstract Among organizations that recognize that a multidimensional perspective is necessary to integrate stakeholder needs into a long term value creation process, only in a few cases are performance measurement systems able to integrate financial indicators with social and environmental metrics. This paper first discusses the sustainability concept for management accounting purposes. After reviewing the literature addressing performance measurement system issues, the paper offers a view as to how implementation of management accounting for sustainability could progress. We suggest a performance measurement system based on two managerial instruments that organize a set of primary and secondary measures, connected with stakeholder satisfaction, and are able to detect and articulate both win,win and trade-off situations. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment. [source] | |||||||||||||