Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Multicultural Context (multicultural + context)
Selected AbstractsContrasting Concepts of Depression in Uganda: Implications for Service Delivery in a Multicultural ContextAMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPSYCHIATRY, Issue 2 2009Laura R. Johnson Depression is a rising public health concern worldwide. Understanding how people conceptualize depression within and across cultures is crucial to effective treatment in a global environment. In this article, we highlight the importance of considering both lay and professional perspectives when developing a culturally competent and contextually relevant model for service delivery. We conducted interviews with 246 Ugandan adults to elicit their explanatory belief models (EMs) about the nature of depression, its causes, social meanings, effects, help seeking, and treatment. Interviews were transcribed, content analyzed, and coded. We compared EMs of community members (n = 135) to those of professional practitioners (n = 111), whom we further categorized into traditional healers, primary care providers, and mental health professionals. We found significant differences between lay and professional EMs and between 3 types of professionals. Contrary to our expectations, lay concepts did not overlap more with traditional healers than with other professional EMs. We discuss the diverse concepts of depression in Uganda, the nature of group differences, and implications for service delivery and treatment. [source] More than Two Decades of Changing Ethnic Attitudes in the NetherlandsJOURNAL OF SOCIAL ISSUES, Issue 2 2008Marcel Coenders This article uses data from three studies to examine changing reactions toward ethnic minority groups in the Netherlands (1979,2002). Using realistic conflict theory, Study 1 focuses on support for discrimination of immigrant groups in general. The findings indicate that this support is more widespread in times of high levels of immigration, when the unemployment level has recently risen strongly, and among cohorts that grew to maturity in times of large immigration waves or high unemployment rates. Studies 2 and 3 focus on changing feelings toward different ethnic out-groups in an ideological context (2001,2004) marked by a shift from multiculturalism toward assimilation. Study 2 showed that the shift toward assimilation negatively affected Dutch participants' feelings toward Islamic outgroups, but not to other minority groups. Study 3 used an experimental design, and the results showed that ethnic attitudes are more negative in an assimilation compared to a multicultural context. It is concluded that the structural and ideological social context is important for understanding people's changing reactions. [source] Re-thinking the complexities of ,culture': what might we learn from Bourdieu?NURSING INQUIRY, Issue 1 2007M. Judith Lynam In this paper we continue an ongoing dialogue that has as its goal the critical appraisal of theoretical perspectives on culture and health, in an effort to move forward scholarship on culture and health. We draw upon a programme of scholarship to explicate theoretical tensions and challenges that are manifest in the discourses on culture and health and to explore the possibilities Bourdieu's theoretical perspective offers for reconciling them. That is, we hope to demonstrate the need to move beyond descriptions ,of' culture to an understanding of cultures as dynamic, and to show ways cultural practices create contexts that have the potential to foster or impede health. In our early research, largely undertaken in Canada's multicultural context, we sought to make visible the ways in which culture shaped conceptions of health and influenced health practices of immigrant groups. In recent years this focus has expanded to include populations that reflect the cultural and social diversity of our region. From the outset we attempted to move towards a conception of culture as negotiated, unifying, transformative and dynamic. While this position continues to hold appeal we are continually reminded that, despite our leanings towards constructivism, there is salience to the notion of culture as having enduring elements. It is this tension between the view of culture as embodied and enduring and culture as constructed and dynamic that we seek to examine. We explore whether Bourdieu's theoretical perspective offers promise for reconciling these apparently competing views. Using exemplars from our research we share insights that Bourdieu's work has offered to our analyses, thereby enabling us to move towards a view of culture that holds in tension these apparently contradictory positions of culture as both essence (albeit unstable, negotiated) and constructed. [source] The Effects of Nations and Organisations on Work Value Importance: A Cross-Cultural InvestigationAPPLIED PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 3 2007Keith Hattrup This research examined similarities and differences in the work values of employees of three German multinational organisations across nations and across organisations. Value importance was measured by the strength of the empirical relationship between satisfaction of a job facet or value and overall job satisfaction; satisfaction of more important values is more strongly related to overall satisfaction than is the satisfaction of less important values. Comparisons of value importance across nations and organisations indicated substantial similarity, in contrast to previous research that has measured value importance with direct ratings. Implications of the results for our understanding of work values and the meaning of work in multicultural contexts are discussed. Cette recherche étudie les points communs et les différences dans les valeurs professionnelles des salariés de trois multinationales allemandes, cela sur plusieurs pays et organisations. L'importance d'une valeur a étéévaluée à partir de la force de la relation empirique entre la satisfaction procurée par un aspect du travail ou l'une de ses valeurs et la satisfaction professionnelle globale; la satisfaction due aux plus importantes des valeurs est davantage corrélée à la satisfaction générale que ne l'est la satisfaction apportée par les valeurs périphériques. La comparaison de l'importance des valeurs dans les divers pays et organisations a mis en évidence une grande proximité en contradiction avec les recherches antérieures qui avaient mesuré l'importance des valeurs avec des évaluations directes. On expose les retombées de ces résultats pour l'étude des valeurs professionnelles et de la signification du travail dans des contextes multiculturels. [source] | |||||||||||||