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Movement Frequency (movement + frequency)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	66%
Life Sciences	25%

Kinds of Movement Frequency

bowel movement frequency

Selected Abstracts

Bimanual coordination in Parkinson's disease: Deficits in movement frequency, amplitude, and pattern switching

MOVEMENT DISORDERS, Issue 1 2002
Winston D. Byblow BHK
Abstract Six patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) and six age-matched controls participated in a variety of rhythmic bimanual coordination tasks. The main goal of the task was to perform inphase or antiphase patterns of pronation and supination of the forearms at a specified tempo, and to switch from one pattern to the other upon presentation of a visual cue. The availability of advance information was varied to examine whether deficits would emerge under choice versus pre-cue constraints. In pre-cue conditions, the subjects knew in advance which hand would be cued to initiate pattern change. In choice conditions, the cued hand was not known until the imperative stimulus was presented. Overall, the PD patients made movements with significantly lower frequencies and smaller amplitudes relative to controls. Patients exhibited spontaneous pattern switching from antiphase to inphase at significantly lower movement frequencies than controls. During intentional switching trials, the control group was significantly faster at initiating pattern change. PD and control groups differed in the time to initiate pattern switching to a greater extent under choice conditions, suggesting that patients used advance information to increase the speed of their response. The control group exhibited a preference for spontaneous switching and intentional switching through the subdominant hand. Patients exhibited a switching preference using the impaired limb (whether or not it was subdominant). The control group made more correct responses when the subdominant side was either pre-cued or presented in choice conditions. The patients maintained the subdominant/impaired side advantage under pre-cue conditions but not choice. In the maintenance of rhythmic movement, individuals with PD were able to use advance information in terms of both speed and accuracy. © 2001 Movement Disorder Society. [source]

Movement of two grassland butterflies in the same habitat network: the role of adult resources and size of the study area

ECOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY, Issue 2 2003
Christine Schneider
Abstract. 1., Movement patterns of two butterfly species (meadow brown Maniola jurtina L. and scarce copper Lycaenae virgaureae L.) were studied in a 172 ha area within a landscape with a high percentage of suitable habitats for mark,release,recapture experiments. 2., Adult resource density, but not patch size or larval food plant abundance, influenced the numbers and the fractions of residents, emigrants, and immigrants. 3., Differences between species were observed in movement frequency and maximum distances moved but not in mean distances moved. 4., The scarce copper showed much greater movement ability than expected from the results of published studies. This is believed to be a result of the comparatively large size of the study area and the high cover of suitable habitat (>50%). 5., The mean and maximum distances travelled by butterflies reflected differences in the size of the study area. [source]

The neural control of bimanual movements in the elderly: Brain regions exhibiting age-related increases in activity, frequency-induced neural modulation, and task-specific compensatory recruitment

HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING, Issue 8 2010
Daniel J. Goble
Abstract Coordinated hand use is an essential component of many activities of daily living. Although previous studies have demonstrated age-related behavioral deficits in bimanual tasks, studies that assessed the neural basis underlying such declines in function do not exist. In this fMRI study, 16 old and 16 young healthy adults performed bimanual movements varying in coordination complexity (i.e., in-phase, antiphase) and movement frequency (i.e., 45, 60, 75, 90% of critical antiphase speed) demands. Difficulty was normalized on an individual subject basis leading to group performances (measured by phase accuracy/stability) that were matched for young and old subjects. Despite lower overall movement frequency, the old group "overactivated" brain areas compared with the young adults. These regions included the supplementary motor area, higher order feedback processing areas, and regions typically ascribed to cognitive functions (e.g., inferior parietal cortex/dorsolateral prefrontal cortex). Further, age-related increases in activity in the supplementary motor area and left secondary somatosensory cortex showed positive correlations with coordinative ability in the more complex antiphase task, suggesting a compensation mechanism. Lastly, for both old and young subjects, similar modulation of neural activity was seen with increased movement frequency. Overall, these findings demonstrate for the first time that bimanual movements require greater neural resources for old adults in order to match the level of performance seen in younger subjects. Nevertheless, this increase in neural activity does not preclude frequency-induced neural modulations as a function of increased task demand in the elderly. Hum Brain Mapp, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Prevalence of Constipation Symptoms in Fecally Incontinent Nursing Home Residents

JOURNAL OF AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY, Issue 4 2009
John F. Schnelle PhD
OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of constipation symptoms and the effects of a brief toileting assistance trial on constipation in a sample of fecally incontinent nursing home (NH) residents. DESIGN: Observational study. SETTING: Five NHs. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred eleven fecally incontinent NH residents. MEASURES: Research staff measured bowel movement frequency every 2 hours for 10 days. The following week, residents were offered toileting assistance every 2 hours for 2 days to determine resident straining, time required for a bowel movement, and resident perceptions of feeling empty after a bowel movement. Constipation data were abstracted from the medical record. RESULTS: The frequency of bowel movements during usual NH care was low (mean=0.32 per person per day), and most episodes were incontinent. The frequency of bowel movements increased significantly, to 0.82 per person per day, and most episodes were continent during the 2 days that research staff provided toileting assistance. Eleven percent of residents showed evidence of straining, and 21% of the time after a continent bowel movement, residents reported not feeling empty. Five percent of participants had medical record or Minimum Data Set documentation indicative of constipation symptoms. CONCLUSION: Low rates of bowel movements during the day that are potentially indicative of constipation were immediately improved during a 2-day trial of toileting assistance in approximately 68% of the residents, although other symptoms of constipation remained in a subset of residents who increased toileting frequency. [source]

Bowel movement frequency in late-life and incidental Lewy bodies

MOVEMENT DISORDERS, Issue 11 2007
Robert D. Abbott PhD
Abstract It is not known if constipation is associated with the preclinical phase of Parkinson's disease (PD), often characterized by the presence of incidental Lewy bodies (ILB). Such an association could provide evidence that constipation is an early symptom of PD. The purpose of this report is to examine the association between late-life bowel movement frequency and ILB. Bowel movement frequency was assessed from 1991 to 1993 in 245 men aged 71 to 93 years in the Honolulu-Asia Aging Study who later received postmortem examinations. All were without clinical PD and dementia. Brains were examined for ILB in the substantia nigra and locus ceruleus. Among the decedents, 30 men had ILB (12.2%). After age-adjustment, the percent of brains with ILB declined with increasing bowel movement frequency (P = 0.013). For men with <1, 1, and >1 bowel movement/day, corresponding percents were 24.1, 13.5, and 6.5%. Findings persisted after additional adjustment for time to death, mid-life pack-years of smoking and coffee intake, physical activity, and cognitive function. Infrequent bowel movements are associated with ILB. Findings provide evidence that constipation can predate the extrapyramidal signs of PD. Constipation could be one of the earliest markers of the beginning of PD processes. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society [source]

Bimanual coordination in Parkinson's disease: Deficits in movement frequency, amplitude, and pattern switching

Motor impairment in liver cirrhosis without and with minimal hepatic encephalopathy

ACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 1 2010
M. Butz
Butz M, Timmermann L, Braun M, Groiss SJ, Wojtecki L, Ostrowski S, Krause H, Pollok B, Gross J, Südmeyer M, Kircheis G, Häussinger D, Schnitzler A. Motor impairment in liver cirrhosis without and with minimal hepatic encephalopathy. Acta Neurol Scand: 2010: 122: 27,35. © 2009 The Authors Journal compilation © 2009 Blackwell Munksgaard. Aim,,, Manifest hepatic encephalopathy (HE) goes along with motor symptoms such as ataxia, mini-asterixis, and asterixis. The relevance of motor impairments in cirrhotics without and with minimal HE (mHE) is still a matter of debate. Patients and methods,,, We tested three different groups of patients with liver cirrhosis: no signs of HE (HE 0), mHE, and manifest HE grade 1 according to the West Haven criteria (HE 1). All patients (n = 24) and 11 healthy control subjects were neuropsychometrically tested including critical flicker frequency (CFF), a reliable measure for HE. Motor abilities were assessed using Fahn Tremor Scale and International Ataxia Rating Scale. Fastest alternating index finger movements were analyzed for frequency and amplitude. Results,,, Statistical analyses showed an effect of HE grade on tremor and ataxia (P < 0.01). Additionally, both ratings yielded strong negative correlation with CFF (P < 0.01, R = ,0.5). Analysis of finger movements revealed an effect of HE grade on movement frequency (P < 0.03). Moreover, decreasing movement frequency and increasing movement amplitude parallel decreasing CFF (P < 0.01, R = 0.6). Conclusion,,, Our results indicate that ataxia, tremor, and slowing of finger movements are early markers for cerebral dysfunction in HE patients even prior to neuropsychometric alterations becoming detectable. [source]

Bowel movement frequency, medical history and the risk of gallbladder cancer death: A cohort study in Japan

CANCER SCIENCE, Issue 8 2004
Kiyoko Yagyu
Few risk factors for gallbladder cancer have been identified with sufficient statistical power, because this cancer is rare. The present study was conducted to evaluate the association of bowel movement frequency and medical history with the risk of death from gallbladder cancer using the data set from a large-scale cohort study. A total of 113,394 participants (42.0% males), aged 40 to 89 years, were followed up for 11 years. Information on the medical history of selected diseases, history of blood transfusions, frequency of stools, and tendency toward diarrhea at baseline was collected through a self-administered questionnaire. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR). During the follow-up period, a total of 116 deaths (46 males, 70 females) from gallbladder cancer were identified. After adjustments for age and gender, history of hepatic disease (HR: 2.28; 95% confidence intervals (95% CI): 1.24,4.21), frequency of stool, and tendency toward diarrhea (HR: 0.26; 95% CI: 0.08-0.83) were found to be significantly associated with the risk of death from gallbladder cancer. Compared with those who had a stool at least once a day, the HR was 2.06 (95% Cl: 0.82,5.18) for those who had a stool less than once in 6 days (P for trend=0.050). In this prospective study, constipation and a history of hepatic disease were found to elevate the risk of gallbladder cancer death, whereas a tendency toward diarrhea diminished it. [source]

Concurrent Cognitive Task Modulates Coordination Dynamics

COGNITIVE SCIENCE - A MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL, Issue 4 2005
Geraldine L. Pellecchia
Abstract Does a concurrent cognitive task affect the dynamics of bimanual rhythmic coordination? In-phase coordination was performed under manipulations of phase detuning and movement frequency and either singly or in combination with an arithmetic task. Predicted direction-specific shifts in stable relative phase from 0° due to detuning and movement frequency were amplified by the cognitive task. Nonlinear cross-recurrence analysis suggested that this cognitive influence on the locations of the stable points or attractors of coordination entailed a magnification of attractor noise without a reduction in attractor strength. An approximation to these findings was achieved through parameter changes in a motion equation in relative phase. Results are discussed in terms of dual-task performance as limited resources, dynamics rather than chronometrics, and reparameterization rather than degradation. [source]