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Motility Index (motility + index)
Selected AbstractsEffects of a 5-HT3 antagonist, ondansetron, on fasting and postprandial small bowel water content assessed by magnetic resonance imagingALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, Issue 5 2010L. Marciani Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2010; 32: 655,663 Summary Background, 5-HT3 antagonists have been shown to be effective in relieving the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea (IBS-D). Using a recently validated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method, we have demonstrated reduced fasting small bowel water content (SBWC) in IBS-D associated with accelerated small bowel transit. We hypothesized that slowing of transit with ondansetron would lead to an increase in SBWC by inhibiting fasting motility. Aim, To assess the effects of ondansetron compared with placebo in healthy volunteers on SBWC and motility in two different groups of subjects, one studied using MRI and another using manometry. Methods, Healthy volunteers were given either a placebo or ondansetron on the day prior to and on the study day. Sixteen volunteers underwent baseline fasting and postprandial MRI scans for 270 min. In a second study, a separate group of n = 18 volunteers were intubated and overnight migrating motor complex (MMC) recorded. Baseline MRI scans were carried out after the tube was removed. Results, Fasting SBWC was markedly increased by ondansetron (P < 0.0007). Ondansetron reduced the overall antroduodenal Motility Index (P < 0.04). The subjects who were intubated had significantly lower fasting SBWC (P < 0.0002) compared with the group of subjects who were not intubated. Conclusions, The 5-HT3 receptor antagonism increased fasting small bowel water. This was associated with reduced fasting antroduodenal Motility Index which may explain the clinical benefit of such drugs. [source] Dual pulse intestinal electrical stimulation normalizes intestinal dysrhythmia and improves symptoms induced by vasopressin in fed state in dogsNEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY & MOTILITY, Issue 5 2007H. Qi Abstract, To assess effects of dual pulse intestinal electrical stimulation (DPIES) on intestinal dysrhythmia and motility, and symptoms induced by vasopressin in conscious dogs. The study was performed in three postprandial sessions (control; vasopressin; DPIES) in six dogs with two pairs of electrodes chronically implanted on the serosal surface of the proximal jejunum and with a chronic duodenal fistula. A manometric catheter was advanced into the small intestine via the intestinal cannula. Motility and intestinal slow waves were recorded. Symptoms were assessed. During vasopressin infusion, the percentage of normal intestinal slow wave frequency was decreased (P < 0.01), reflected as a significant increase in the percentage of both bradygastria and tachygastria; the motility index decreased (P < 0.01) and the symptom score increased (P < 0.01). In the session of DPIES, the percentage of normal slow wave frequency was recovered (P < 0.05 vs vasopressin), attributed to a reduction in both bradyarrhythmia and tachyarrhythmia; the symptom score was reduced (P < 0.05 vs vasopressin); the motility index was not significantly increased. These results suggest that vasopressin induces intestinal dysrhythmia and emetic symptoms and inhibits intestinal motility. Dual pulse intestinal electrical stimulation is capable of improving intestinal dysrhythmia and emetic symptoms but not impaired intestinal motility induced by vasopressin. [source] Secretin induces variable inhibition of motility in different parts of the Australian possum sphincter of OddiNEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY & MOTILITY, Issue 5 2001B. O. Al-Jiffry The sphincter of Oddi (SO) may not function as a single structure. We aimed to determine the response of the proximal and distal segments of the bile duct (BD-SO) and pancreatic duct (PD-SO) components of the SO to secretin, with and without neural blockade with tetrodotoxin (TTX). In anaesthetized Australian possums, separate manometry catheters were placed in the proximal and distal BD-SO or PD-SO segments to record motility. Secretin, 50,1000 ng kg,1, was administered, followed by TTX, and re-administration of secretin, 500 and 1000 ng kg,1. Changes in the motility index (MI, frequency × mean amplitude) were determined. Statistical analysis utilized repeated-measures ANOVA. Secretin produced a dose-dependent decrease in MI from the proximal and distal BD-SO and PD-SO (all P < 0.001). The maximum inhibition, at 1000 ng kg,1, was 21 ± 4%, 33 ± 6% and 42 ± 5% of control (mean ± SEM), for proximal and distal BD-SO, and distal PD-SO, respectively. The proximal PD-SO MI, however, was inhibited to 62 ± 6% of control, at 1000 ng kg,1. TTX enhanced the secretin-induced response to the same level at the four sites (P < 0.02). We conclude that secretin inhibits the motility of the possum SO in a nonuniform manner and is modulated by neural activity. [source] Basal and residual lower esophageal pressures increase in old age in classic achalasia, but not vigorous achalasiaJOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY, Issue 8 2010Kee Wook Jung Abstract Background and Aim:, The relationship between age and esophageal motility parameters (i.e. basal and residual pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter [LES]) remains to be established in achalasia patients, possibly because most previous studies did not distinguish between classic and vigorous achalasia patients. We investigated the relationship between age and esophageal motility parameters in both classic and vigorous achalasia patients. Methods:, A retrospective review of esophageal manometry data in a single center was undertaken. Basal and residual pressure for LES was analyzed. A total of 103 achalasia patients were enrolled, comprising 84 classic and 19 vigorous types. They were subdivided into three different age groups as follows: 21,40 years old (group A), 41,60 years old (group B), and over 60 years old (group C). Results:, In classic achalasia patients (M : F = 27:57, mean age = 44 ± 15 years old) the older age group showed a significantly higher basal LES pressure (49.62 ± 19.63 mmHg) than the younger age group (P < 0.0001). Moreover, the older age group also showed significantly high residual LES pressure (20.46 ± 8.61 mmHg) than the younger age group (P = 0.0006). In contrast, in vigorous achalasia patients (M : F = 12:7, mean age: 47 ± 15 years old) there were no difference between age and motility indices (all P > 0.05). Conclusion:, In classic achalasia patients there appears to be a correlation between age and esophageal motility indices, especially basal and residual LES pressure. Such correlations do not appear to exist for vigorous achalasia patients. [source] | ||||||||||