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Morus Alba (morus + alba)
Selected AbstractsInterspecific seed discounting and the fertility cost of hybridization in an endangered speciesNEW PHYTOLOGIST, Issue 1 2008Kevin S. Burgess Summary ,,Hybrid fertilizations can have negative demographic effects on taxa by usurping ovules that would otherwise give rise to nonhybrid offspring. The consequent reduction in conspecific matings may be exaggerated in rare taxa and constitutes a fertility cost that has rarely been quantified. ,,Here, the effect of interspecific mating was estimated on the fecundity of locally rare red mulberry (Morus rubra), which hybridizes with introduced white mulberry (Morus alba) and red ¥ white hybrids. First, the asymmetry in pollen production among red, white and hybrid mulberry in two sympatric populations was quantified. The fertility cost of hybridization was then assessed experimentally by estimating seed production and rates of interspecific mating in red mulberry trees from plots where white and hybrid mulberry trees were selectively removed. ,,On average, the percentage of mulberry pollen per plot produced by red mulberry (8%) was significantly lower than the mean for white and hybrid mulberry combined (92%). Experimentally removing white and hybrid mulberry increased the siring fertility of red mulberry by 14% but produced no change in seed set. ,,Results indicate that seeds of red mulberry, ordinarily sired by conspecific pollen, are being discounted through fertilization of ovules by heterospecific pollen, which may contribute to local decline of red mulberry. [source] The effect of medicinal plants of Islamabad and Murree region of Pakistan on insulin secretion from INS-1 cellsPHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, Issue 1 2004Zakir Hussain Abstract In vitro testing of the extracts of medicinal plants collected from Islamabad and the Murree region on insulin secretagogue activity was carried out. Dried ethanol extracts of all plants (ZH1-ZH19) were dissolved in ethanol and DMSO, and tested at various concentrations (between 1 and 40 µg/mL) for insulin release from INS-1 cells in the presence of 5.5 mM glucose. Glibenclamide was used as a control. Promising insulin secretagogue activity in various plant extracts at 1, 10, 20 and 40 µg/mL was found, while in some cases a decrease in insulin secretion was also observed. Artemisia roxburghiana, Salvia coccinia and Monstera deliciosa showed insulin secretagogue activity at 1 µg/mL (p < 0.05) while Abies pindrow, Centaurea iberica and Euphorbia helioscopia were active at 10 µg/mL (p < 0.05). Extracts of Bauhinia variegata and Bergenia himalacia showed effects at 20 µg/mL (p < 0.05), and Taraxacum of,cinale and Viburnum foetens at 40 µg/mL (p < 0.05). Insulin secretagogue activity could not be detected in the extracts of Adhatoda vasica, Cassia ,stula, Chrysanthemum leucanthemum, Morus alba, Plectranthus rugosus, Peganum harmala and Olea ferruginea. The results suggest that medicinal plants of Islamabad and the Murree region of Pakistan may be potential natural resources for antidiabetic compounds. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Simple and rapid determination of 1-deoxynojirimycin in mulberry leavesBIOFACTORS, Issue 1-4 2004Toshiyuki Kimura Abstract A simple and rapid method for determining 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ), a potent glucosidase inihibitor present in mulberry leaves (Morus alba and Morus bombysis), by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to an evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD) has been developed. DNJ was separated from extract of mulberry leaves on TSK gel Amide-80 column, which is a representative column for hydrophilic interaction chromatography. During post column detection, DNJ was detected by ELSD and concurrently identified by mass spectrometry. The detection limit was 100 ng. This method is sufficiently sensitive for determining DNJ in mulberry leaves and other related products. [source] Promoting effect and recovery activity from physical stress of the fruit of Morus albaBIOFACTORS, Issue 1-4 2004Keum Hee Hwang Abstract We examined the effects of the fruit of M. alba extracts on the changes of the monoamine oxidase (MAO) activities during and after the physical exercise in rat. Each activity was measured by used serotonin(5-HT) and benzylamine as substrate. Lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) activity and the concentrations of lactate in blood which were clinical indexes of physical exercise were also determined to compare with the relation of MAO activities. Those activities during and after the physical exercise have different tendency in each other enzyme. MAO-A activity was sharply decreased with stress by physical activities compared to the normal group, whereas MAO-B activity was increased for 60 minutes after exercise. All of these indexes were recovered to normal state by oral administration of extract of M. alba. These results of this study suggested M. alba may modulate the MAO activities during exercise and promote the capability of physical activities and show anti-stress effect. In general, MAO inhibitors have been used drugs for the purpose of treatment Parkinson's disease, dementia, deprression. These results can apply to produce the health and functional foods that have modulating effects for these diseases. [source] Diastereoselective Total Synthesis of (+)-Morusimic Acid B, an Amino Acid from Morus alba.CHEMINFORM, Issue 27 2007Marc E. Bouillon Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF. [source] | ||||||||||