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Morphological Classification (morphological + classification)
Selected AbstractsMorphological classification and definition of benign, preneoplastic and non-invasive neoplastic lesions of the urinary bladderHISTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 6 2008R Montironi The morphological classification used in this essay has been based on the most recent World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumours of the urinary system (i.e. 2004 WHO classification). It includes epithelial abnormalities and metaplasias as well as dysplasias and carcinomas in situ. The lesions are broadly subdivided into two major groups: benign, preneoplastic and non-invasive neoplastic lesions of the urothelium; and benign, preneoplastic and non-invasive neoplastic bladder lesions other than urothelial. Each of these lesions is defined with strict morphological criteria to provide more accurate information to urologists and oncologists in managing patients. There is still debate in the literature as to whether the 2004 WHO system should be the only one to be used and whether the 1973 WHO system should be abandoned. [source] A European interlaboratory testing of three well-known procedures for immunocytochemical detection of epithelial cells in bone marrow.CYTOMETRY, Issue 6 2006Results from analysis of normal bone marrow Abstract Background: This investigation intended to study the unspecific background to be expected in normal bone marrow (BM), comparing three well recognized protocols for immunocytochemical detection of disseminated carcinoma cells. The interlaboratory variation in screening and evaluation of stained cells was analyzed and different screening methods were compared. Methods: BM mononuclear cells (BM MNC) from 48 normal BMs were immunostained in parallel by three participating laboratories. The protocols, based on three different anti-cytokeratin antibodies, have all been in common use for detection of disseminated carcinoma cells: the A45-B/B3 protocol (Hamburg), the CK2 protocol (Augsburg) and the AE1AE3 protocol (Oslo). For all protocols, the immunostained cells were visualized by the same alkaline-phosphatase (AP) detection system (APAAP) followed by detection of the cells by manual screening and by two different automated screening systems (ACIS from Chromavision and MDS1 from Applied Imaging). Detected AP-visualized cells were morphologically classified into unambiguous hematopoietic (Uhc) and questionable cells (Qc, potentially interpreted as tumor cells). Results: Seven of 48 BMs (15%) harbored ,1 AP-visualized cell(s) among 1 × 106 BM MNC, both for the A45-B/B3- and for the AE1AE3 protocol, while for CK2 a higher proportion of BMs (21 BMs; 44%) harbored AP-visualized cells (P < 0.01, McNemar's test). The number of Qc was, for all protocols, 1 log lower than the total number of AP-visualized cells. On average, the frequency of Qc was 0.04, 0.08, and 0.02 per 106 BM MNC with A45-B/B3, CK2 and AE1AE3, respectively, and the number of Qc-positive BMs 1, 4, and 1. The MDS1 screening sensitivity was similar to manual screening, while ACIS detected fewer cells (P < 0.001, McNemar's test). Conclusions: All protocols resulted in AP-visualization of occasional hematopoietic cells. However, morphological classification brings the specificity to a satisfactory high level. Approximately 10% of AP-visualized cells were categorized "questionable". The CK2 protocol turned out less specific than the A45-B/B3 and AE1AE3 protocols. © 2006 International Society for Analytical Cytology. [source] A comparative assessment of molecular marker assays (AFLP, RAPD and SSR) for white yam (Dioscorea rotundata) germplasm characterizationANNALS OF APPLIED BIOLOGY, Issue 3 2003H D MIGNOUNA Summary Several DNA-based marker systems are available for genetic fingerprinting of plants but information on their relative usefulness for yam germplasm characterisation is lacking. The efficiency of RAPD, AFLP and SSR markers for the assessment of genetic relationships, and for cultivar identification and discrimination among 45 West and Central African white yam cultivars belonging to 22 morphotypes/cultivar groups was investigated. Dendrograms were produced based on band pattern scores using the UPGMA method. Results showed that each of the three techniques could unequivocably identify each cultivar, but that techniques differed in the mean number of profiles generated per primer (or primer pair) per cultivar, referred to as genotype index (GI). The order of merit based on this criterion in this study was AFLPs (GI = 2.56), SSRs (GI = 0.39) and RAPDs (GI = 0.35). Yam genotypes classified in the same cultivar group based on morphology were often genetically different, emphasising the need for molecular fingerprinting in yam germplasm characterisation. AFLPs showed the highest efficiency in detecting polymorphism and revealed genetic relationships that most closely reflected morphological classification. [source] Non-carious cervical lesions on permanent anterior teeth: a new morphological classificationAUSTRALIAN DENTAL JOURNAL, Issue 2 2010JA Michael Abstract Background:, Various cross-sectional forms of non-carious cervical lesions have been described but no formal morphological classification system has been developed. The aims of this study were to describe the spectrum of common morphological forms of non-carious cervical lesions observed within a large sample of extracted human permanent anterior teeth and to develop a system for classification based on morphological features. Methods:, Over 15,000 extracted permanent anterior teeth were examined macroscopically under illumination at 2× magnification. Well-defined, descriptive categories were formed, based on observable non-carious cervical lesion features and using terminology currently reported in the literature. The lesions were then sorted into these categories. Results:, Five hundred and forty-two non-carious cervical lesions were identified on 15,289 teeth extracted in the early to mid 20th century, representing a frequency of 3.5%. The main categories developed were "shallow", "concave", "wedge-shaped", "notched", and "irregular". Conclusions:, The new morphological classification system provides an alternative to presently used systems based on aetiology, and should facilitate future research on non-carious cervical lesions. [source] | |||||||||||||