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Moroccan Population (moroccan + population)
Selected AbstractsThe Pro variant of the p53 codon 72 polymorphism is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma in Moroccan populationHEPATOLOGY RESEARCH, Issue 9 2007Sayeh Ezzikouri Aim:, Codon 72 polymorphism of the p53 gene has been implicated in cancer risk, and it has been suggested that it may have an impact on the clinical outcome of the disease. Our objective was to evaluate the association between p53 polymorphism at codon 72 and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the Moroccan population. Methods:, Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood cells of 96 patients with HCC and 222 controls without HCC matched for age, gender and ethnicity. Codon 72 polymorphism of p53 was identified by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism, confirmed by sequencing. Results:, Patients with HCC had higher frequencies of Pro/Pro (13.5% vs. 6.3%, P < 0.02) than controls and consequently a 2.3-fold increased risk of liver cancer development (odds ratio [OR], 2.304; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.014,5.234). In addition, we found a significant association between the p53Arg72Pro polymorphism and the female gender in HCC. Men with Pro/Pro genotype had a 1.57-fold increased risk for HCC, whereas the corresponding genotype in women had a 4.4-fold increased risk of HCC (OR, 4.4; 95% CI, 1.18,16.42). No correlation between the polymorphism and HCC risk was found when comparing the hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive cases to HCV-positive controls. However, HCV-negative subjects and Pro/Pro genotype had a 3.31-fold increased risk for HCC. Conclusion:, These results provide evidence that p53 polymorphism at codon 72 is a modifier of hepatocarcinogenesis, especially in women and HCV-negative subjects. [source] HLA class I polymorphism in a Moroccan population from CasablancaINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMMUNOGENETICS, Issue 3 2002F. Choukri Summary We have studied the distribution of HLA-A and -B alleles and haplotypes by sequence-specific primer amplification in a sample of 100 unrelated healthy individuals belonging to both Berber and Arabic-speaking groups from the region of Casablanca in Morocco. Among the 17 HLA-A and 23 HLA-B alleles observed, the most frequent were HLA-A2 (21%), -A1 (11%), -A3 (10%), -B44 (11.4%), -B50 (9.9%), -B5(8.5%) and -B35 (6.5%). Six two-locus haplotypes were observed with a frequency above 5%: A2-B50 (9.6%), A23-B44 (7.4%), A2-B15 (6.4%), A68-B39 (5.3%), A1-B51 (5.3%) and A68-B44 (4.3%). Our data confirm that, on the basis of genetic distances, the majority of present-day North Africans from Morocco are closely related to Berbers and also to Iberians. They cluster apart from Middle-Eastern Mediterranean populations, and show greater genetic distances to Eastern and other Mediterranean populations. This study will serve as a reference for further anthropological studies, as well as studies of HLA and disease associations. [source] Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis B virus in Amsterdam 1992,1997,JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY, Issue 2 2002J.E. van Steenbergen Abstract To gain insight into the spread of hepatitis B among various risk groups in Amsterdam a 6-year (1992,1997) retrospective DNA sequencing study was carried out on isolates from stored sera from reported primary cases of acute hepatitis B infection. Cases were classified according to risk behavior, as determined in interviews. Of the available serum, a selected region of hepatitis B-virus-DNA was amplified and sequenced. The nucleotide alignments were subjected to phylogenetic tree analysis. When nucleotide alignments were subjected to phylogenetic analysis, the strains of 54 isolates, 26% of the 204 reported primary cases, clustered in five genotypes: A, C, D, E, and F. In genotype A, a cluster related to men having sex with men was identified. In genotype D, two subclusters could be identified: one was related to injecting drug use and another was related to the Moroccan population in Amsterdam. The remaining strains showed a high genetic variability within three different genotypes: F, E, and C. Of the 14 identical isolates in the "homosexual men cluster," one was isolated from a female heterosexual. Of the 14 identical strains in the "drug users strain," six were from non-drug using heterosexual active individuals. In the cluster of twelve isolates related to hepatitis B-endemic areas, probable modes of transmission were varied. Sequence analysis provides important insight into the spread of hepatitis B among various high-risk groups. The analysis indicates that the prevention strategy in The Netherlands fails to stop transmission of hepatitis B from persistently infected individuals originating from hepatitis Bendemic countries. J. Med. Virol. 66:159,165, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Hypoglycaemic effect of Calamintha officinalis Moench. in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic ratsJOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACOLOGY: AN INTERNATI ONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE, Issue 6 2004A. Lemhadri The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a water extract from the aerial parts of Calamintha officinalis Moench., after either a single dose or daily oral administration for 15 days, on plasma blood glucose concentrations and basal insulin levels in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (STZ diabetic rats). The results clearly demonstrated the hypoglycaemic effect of this plant extract in both normal and STZ diabetic rats. In addition, no changes were observed in basal plasma insulin concentrations after treatment with this plant in normal or STZ diabetic rats, indicating that the underlying mechanism of the plant's pharmacological action seems to be independent of insulin secretion. We conclude that the aqueous C. officinalis extract exhibits a significant hypoglycaemic effect in normal and STZ diabetic rats without affecting basal plasma insulin concentrations, and supports, therefore, its traditional use by the Moroccan population. [source] Obesity, overweight and body-weight perception in a High Atlas Moroccan populationOBESITY REVIEWS, Issue 2 2008A. Lahmam Summary In order to study the prevalence of obesity and overweight and to understand how the human body is perceived among Moroccan mountain populations, we carried out a survey that covered a sample of 436 Amazigh individuals aged 20 years and more from the High Moroccan Atlas. Through this survey, we noticed that obesity is still low among men (2.4%), whereas the prevalence of obesity among women is alarming and reaches 13.3%. The prevalence of overweight is also high, especially among women, with 32.8% vs. 21.8% among men. Obesity prevalence, especially overweight, is higher than that recorded in the national rural level. The high prevalence of overweight that can develop to obesity should be taken into account mainly when dealing with women that still value overweight. In fact, women in our sample underestimate their overweight more than men and wish to have a heavier body. [source] Study of GM immunoglobulin allotypic system in Berbers and Arabs from MoroccoAMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY, Issue 1 2006C. Coudray The GM immunoglobulin allotype polymorphism was investigated in four Moroccan populations: three Berber groups from Khenifra (Middle Atlas), Amizmiz (High Atlas), and Bouhria (Beni Snassen) and one Arabic-speaking sample from the Doukkala area (Abda, Chaouia, Doukkali, and Tadla districts in south-central Morocco). In order to characterize the genetic relationships between the populations, our results were compared with those obtained for other North African groups (from Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Niger) and for Middle-East Africans, sub-Saharans, and Southwest Europeans. Based on GM haplotype frequencies, Factorial Correspondence Analyses, FST significance testing, and hierarchical analyses of variance were performed. Our results reveal that Moroccan populations have heterogeneous GM profiles with high frequencies of GM haplotypes in Europeans (from 76% for Doukkala to 88% for Bouhria) and relatively high frequencies of GM haplotypes in sub-Saharans (from 11% for Bouhria to 23% for Amizmiz). The genetic diversity observed among Moroccans is not significantly correlated with either geographic or linguistic differentiation. In spite of their cultural and historical differentiation, we did not discover any significant genetic differences between Berbers and Arabic-speakers from Morocco. However, when large geographical areas are considered, our population samples are integrated in the North African GM variation, significantly distant from sub-Saharan groups but with a close relationship with Southwest European populations. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 18:23,34, 2006. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] PRNP haplotype distribution in Moroccan goatsANIMAL GENETICS, Issue 4 2009C. Serrano Summary Susceptibility/resistance to scrapie in sheep and goats is influenced by host prion protein gene (PRNP) genotype. In this study, we report the analysis of prion protein gene polymorphisms in 137 goats of two Moroccan populations: D'man and Chaouni. We found seven previously described amino acid polymorphisms at codons 37, 127, 137, 142, 154, 222 and 240, as well as three known silent mutations. In addition, we identified three new allelic variants: 101R and 139S in D'man goats and 145D in D'man and Chaouni individuals. The high frequency of the resistant allele 154H could offer genetic protection against the disease to the analysed animals. A total of 12 haplotypes and 28 genotypes were found, the distribution of which shows significant differences between both groups. Moreover, haplotype frequencies were compared with bibliographic data showing that the haplotype distribution of PRNP in Moroccan populations is genetically similar to Southern Italian and Greek goats. 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