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Monocyte Counts (monocyte + count)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	71%

Selected Abstracts

Significance of white blood cell count and its subtypes in patients with acute coronary syndrome

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION, Issue 5 2009
G. Huang
Abstract Background, Inflammation plays a role in the pathogenesis of coronary atherosclerosis. Materials and methods, Six hundred twenty-three patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) referred for coronary angiography for the first time in our hospital were enrolled in this study. White blood cell and its subtypes were measured on admission. The study population was divided into three groups based on total white blood cell count and followed up. Clinical end points were major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), including cardiogenic death, stroke, heart failure, non-fatal myocardial infarction, rehospitalization for angina pectoris. Results, The median age was 68 years (range 31,92) and 64·2% of the patients were men. The median white blood cell count was 6·48 × 109 L,1 (range 2·34,27·10 × 109 L,1). The median follow-up duration was 21 months (range 1,116) and MACEs occurred in 167 patients. The multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model revealed that neutrophil count [Relative risk = 1·098, 95% Confidence interval (CI): 1·010,1·193, P = 0·029) was a risk factor for MACEs. The logistic regression model revealed that lymphocyte count [Odds ratio (OR) = 1·075, 95% CI: 1·012,1·142, P = 0·018] and monocyte count (OR = 8·578, 95% CI: 2·687,27·381, P < 0·001) were predictive of stenosis , 75%; Neutrophil proportion (OR = 1·060, 95% CI: 1·007,1·115, P = 0·026), monocyte count (OR = 12·370, 95% CI: 1·298,118·761, P = 0·029) were predictive of the presence of multivessel disease. Kaplan,Meier analysis of short-term and long-term cumulative survival showed no significant statistical differences among three groups. Conclusions, Neutrophil count adds prognostic information to MACEs in ACS. Monocyte count and lymphocyte count are predictive of severity of coronary atherosclerosis. [source]

Human monocyte CD163 expression inversely correlates with soluble CD163 plasma levels

CYTOMETRY, Issue 1 2005
Bruce H. Davis
Abstract Background CD163 is a monocyte/macrophage-restricted receptor involved in the clearance of hemoglobin,haptoglobin complexes and regulation of inflammatory processes. CD163 is shed from the cell surface and exists as a soluble form in plasma (sCD163). Monocyte CD163 and sCD163 are potential diagnostic tools in variety of disease states. Methods We determined the relation between plasma sCD163 levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, membrane expressions of CD163, CD64, and CD14 on blood monocytes by flow cytometry, and monocyte counts in 129 random blood samples. Results A strong inverse correlation was found between membrane CD163 expression and sCD163 levels (r = ,0.65, P < 0.001). Monocyte CD163 expression and SCD163 levels did not correlate with the monocyte absolute count. Conclusions The inverse relation between monocyte surface CD163 expression and sCD163 levels in human blood suggests that plasma sCD163 is derived from circulating monocytes, in addition to an unknown component from tissue macrophages. The lack of correlation with the absolute monocyte number suggests that such a balance is driven by the functional state of monocytes, rather than simply by numerical changes in circulating cells. We propose that further clinical evaluations of CD163 as a diagnostic parameter should include simultaneous measurements of soluble and cell-bound forms of this antigen. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

The use of platelet density and volume measurements to estimate the severity of pre-eclampsia

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION, Issue 12 2000
P. Järemo
This study evaluated whether it is possible to estimate the severity of pre-eclampsia through in vitro measurements of platelet and granulocyte parameters. Eighteen pre-eclamptic women in the third-trimester of pregnancy and 11 women in the third-trimester of normal pregnancies were included in the study. Three to 12 months after delivery, 15 patients with pre-eclampsia and all the subjects with normal pregnancies were re-examined. Before delivery, peak platelet density was determined using a specially designed apparatus. Before and 3,12 months after delivery the following were measured: platelet counts, mean platelet volume and neutrophil and monocyte counts. Furthermore, circulating P-selectin, interleukin-6 and myeloperoxidase were determined to estimate platelet, monocyte and granulocyte activities, respectively. Compared to their results after delivery, pre-eclamptic females demonstrated lower platelet counts (P < 0·001) and raised mean platelet volumes (P < 0·01). Both pre-eclamptic women (P < 0·01) and normal pregnancies (P < 0·05) demonstrated elevated soluble P-selectin at pregnancy. Then pre-eclamptic women had advanced neutrophil counts (P < 0·01) but normal pregnancies showed a similar phenomenon (P < 0·001). Interleukin-6 remained normal during pregnancy. Plasma myeloperoxidase levels were lower both in pre-eclampsia (P < 0·05) and in normal pregnancies (P < 0·001). In pre-eclampsia elevated blood pressure was related to higher mean platelet volumes (P < 0·05). Furthermore, a group of pre-eclamptic females whose platelets had disturbed density distribution displayed elevated mean platelet volumes (P < 0·01). The present work demonstrates considerable platelet alterations in pre-eclampsia. We failed to show granulocyte involvement in the pathogenesis of the disease. Severe pre-eclampsia is related to elevated mean platelet volumes. The latter parameter is associated with disturbed density distribution. It appears possible to estimate disease severity from measurements of platelet density and volume. [source]

Risk factors for severe infection in patients with hairy cell leukemia: a long-term study of 73 patients

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY, Issue 3 2009
Ghandi Damaj
Abstract Although the survival of patients with hairy cell leukemia (HCL) has been improved by the therapeutic introduction of interferon , and purine analogs, it is still worsened by complications such as severe infections. In this long-term study, we identified factors influencing patient outcomes in 73 patients with HCL. Median age at diagnosis was 53 yr and the gender ratio (M/F) was 2.3. At the time of HCL diagnosis, 60 patients (82%) were symptomatic and 22 of these had an infection. After a median follow-up of 13 yr, eight patients had died of secondary cancer (n = 2), HCL progression (n = 1) and age-related complications (n = 5). The 10-yr overall survival (OS), progression-free survival and relapse rates were 91 ± 3%, 14 ± 5% and 87 ± 5%, respectively. In multivariate analyses, age >53 yr was the only factor adversely influencing OS and secondary cancer incidence, with adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 9.30 (95%CI, 1.15,76.6; P = 0.037) and 2.80 (95%CI, 1.05,7.71; P = 0.04), respectively. Eleven patients developed severe infections. Absolute lymphocyte count (<1 × 109/L) at diagnosis was the only factor influencing the occurrence of severe infections, with an adjusted HR of 4.01 (P = 0.007). Strikingly, we did not observe any significant correlation between neutrophil or monocyte counts and the incidence of infection. We confirmed long-term survival in HCL but found a high incidence of infection , even late in the course of the disease. The absolute lymphocyte count at diagnosis is a risk factor for the occurrence of severe infections. In addition to careful monitoring of infections, prompt initiation of anti-HCL treatment should be considered in patients with low lymphocyte counts. [source]

Immunotoxicity of acute acephate exposure in control or IL-1-challenged rats: correlation between the immune cell composition and corticosteroid concentration in blood

JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY, Issue 5 2002
Ashok K. Singh
Abstract Corticosterone concentration and the immune cell composition were measured in rats exposed by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection to different doses (10,500 mg kg,1) of acephate (Ace) and 250 µg kg,1 of interleukin 1 (IL-1), either alone or in combination. Two different combination protocols were used: IL-1 and Ace were administered simultaneously; and IL-1 was injected 60 min after Ace administration (sequential exposure). Ace, in a dose- and time-dependent manner, inhibited blood and brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities, increased blood corticosterone concentrations, suppressed blood CD4, CD8, B cell and monocyte contents and increased blood neutrophil counts. The Ace-induced changes lasted for up to 24 h after Ace exposure. Interleukin 1 increased blood corticosterone concentrations without affecting blood or brain AChE activities. The IL-1-induced corticosterone concentration returned to the basal level within 3,10 h after IL-1 exposure. The CD4, CD8, B cell and monocyte counts increased significantly at 10 min after IL-1 exposure. The cell counts decreased gradually thereafter and returned to the basal level within 30 min after IL-1 exposure. Simultaneous exposure of rats to Ace and IL-1 partially suppressed the IL-1-induced increase in the immune cell counts and decreased the immune cell numbers below the basal values. Sequential injection of Ace and IL-1 blocked the IL-1-induced increase in the immune cell numbers. Thus, Ace exposure would impair the normal distribution of immune cells and deregulate the IL-1 response in rats. This study therefore suggests that Ace would suppress the immune cell numbers in blood, thus decreasing an organism's immunity. Ace exposure occurring concurrent with injury would augment the acute-phase response, which would augment the toxic effects of IL-1 and other cytokines, and Ace exposure occurring prior to the injury would suppress or abolish the initial stimulatory effects of IL-1, which would decrease an organism's ability to combat infection or injury. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Analysis of canine and feline haemograms using the VetScan HMT analyser

JOURNAL OF SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE, Issue 10 2003
E. C. Dewhurst
The VetScan HMT is an impedance counter haematology analyser which produces a full blood count and three-part white blood cell differential. The aim of this study was to compare the results generated by the analyser with those obtained by standard methods used routinely in the authors'laboratory. Blood samples from 68 dogs and 59 cats were run on the VetScan HMT analyser and also subjected to reference methods, and the results obtained were compared. Correlation coefficients (feline/canine) were: 0·97/0·99 for haematocrit (Hct), 0*middot;98/0·99 for haemoglobin (Hb), 0·81/0·98 for total white blood cells (WBC), and 0·89/0·97 for granulocyte and 0·65/0·93 for platelet counts. Coefficients for lymphocyte counts were 0·25/0·28 and for monocyte counts were 0·12/0·79. In conclusion, the VetScan HMT performed well on canine samples, showing excellent correlation for canine Hct, Hb, RBC, WBC, granulocyte and platelet counts. For feline samples, although there was excellent correlation for Hct, Hb and RBC, the WBC and three-part white blood cell differential and platelet count should be interpreted with caution as they can be unreliable. [source]