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Model Integration (model + integration)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Earth and Environmental Science	40%

Selected Abstracts

Software Maintenance Maturity Model (SMmm): the software maintenance process model

JOURNAL OF SOFTWARE MAINTENANCE AND EVOLUTION: RESEARCH AND PRACTICE, Issue 3 2005
Alain April
Abstract We address the assessment and improvement of the software maintenance function by proposing a maturity model for daily software maintenance activities: the Software Maintenance Maturity Model (SMmm). The software maintenance function suffers from a scarcity of management models to facilitate its evaluation, management, and continuous improvement. The SMmm addresses the unique activities of software maintenance while preserving a structure similar to that of the Capability Maturity Model integration (CMMi). It is designed to be used as a complement to that model. The SMmm is based on practitioners' experience, international standards, and the seminal literature on software maintenance. We present the model's purpose, scope, foundation, and architecture, followed by its initial validation. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Domestic Interests, Ideas and Integration: Lessons from the French Case

JCMS: JOURNAL OF COMMON MARKET STUDIES, Issue 1 2000
Craig Parsons
Both the major approaches to European integration, ,intergovernmentalism' and ,neofunctionalism', model integration as reflecting the demands of domestic interest groups. Where scholars qualify this basic model, they typically see integration diverging gradually and unintentionally from its expectations. This article tests the interest-group model against research into French policy-making across the history of integration, and argues that French policies never clearly reflected this interest-group baseline. Instead, French choices for today's European Union (as opposed to widely different historical alternatives) can only be explained with reference to French elites' ideas about Europe. Additionally, national leaders' ideas have set the main conditions for the success or failure of supranational entrepreneurship in Europe's ,grand bargains'. [source]

ARCGIS-SWAT: A GEODATA MODEL AND GIS INTERFACE FOR SWAT,

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION, Issue 2 2006
Francisco Olivera
ABSTRACT: This paper presents ArcGIS-SWAT, a geodata model and geographic information system (GIS) interface for the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The ArcGIS-SWAT data model is a system of geodatabases that store SWAT geographic, numeric, and text input data and results in an organized fashion. Thus, it is proposed that a single and comprehensive geodatabase be used as the repository of a SWAT simulation. The ArcGIS-SWAT interface uses programming objects that conform to the Component Object Model (COM) design standard, which facilitate the use of functionality of other Windows-based applications within ArcGIS-SWAT. In particular, the use of MS Excel and MATLAB functionality for data analysis and visualization of results is demonstrated. Likewise, it is proposed to conduct hydrologic model integration through the sharing of information with a not-model-specific hub data model where information common to different models can be stored and from which it can be retrieved. As an example, it is demonstrated how the Hydrologic Modeling System (HMS) - a computer application for flood analysis - can use information originally developed by ArcGIS-SWAT for SWAT. The application of ArcGIS-SWAT to the Seco Creek watershed in Texas is presented. [source]

Assessing future changes in extreme precipitation over Britain using regional climate model integrations

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY, Issue 11 2001
P.D. Jones
Abstract In a changing climate it is important to understand how all components of the climate system may change. For many impact sectors, particularly those relating to flooding and water resources, changes in precipitation intensity and amount are much more important than changes in temperature. This study assesses possible changes in extreme precipitation intensities estimated through both quantile and return period analysis over Britain. Results using a regional climate model (with greenhouse gas changes following the IS92a scenario for 2080,2100) indicate dramatic increases in the heaviest precipitation events over Britain. The results provide information to alter design storm intensities to take future climate change into account, for structures/projects that have long life times. Copyright © 2001 Royal Meteorological Society [source]

A variational method for orographic filtering in NWP and climate models

THE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY, Issue 619 2006
I. C. Rutt
Abstract Numerical models of the atmosphere are known to experience problems with near-grid-scale orographic forcing, particularly the formation of spurious grid-point storms. These problems can seriously undermine the accuracy and stability of model integrations, so possible methods for reducing them are of interest. Previous studies indicate that filtering the orographic field is effective in addressing these issues, and they motivate this work. Two potential disadvantages of orographic filtering are the loss of height from important barrier ridges and the adjustment of sea points to non-zero height. To counter these effects, a new variational filtering method is developed, which emulates a class of linear filters but allows the imposition of other conditions on the filtered orography. The properties of the method are explored analytically and confirmed in practice. A representative range of filtered/constrained orographies are then evaluated in a global, nonlinear shallow-water model, under a variety of flow regimes. The results indicate that the benefits of orographic filtering increase as the flow becomes more nonlinear and more balanced; since atmospheric flows are generally more nonlinear and more balanced than the model used here, this evidence is taken to support the use of orographic filtering in an NWP context. The benefits of extra filtering constraints are weakly supported, but they need further evaluation. © Royal Meteorological Society, 2006. The contribution of A. Staniforth is Crown copyright. [source]