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Modular Design (modular + design)
Selected AbstractsA Modular Design of Ruthenium Catalysts with Diamine and BINOL-Derived Phosphinite Ligands that Are Enantiomerically-Matched for the Effective Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Simple Ketones.CHEMINFORM, Issue 43 2005Rongwei Guo Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text. [source] ON THE ORIGIN OF MODULAR VARIATIONEVOLUTION, Issue 8 2002Hod Lipson Abstract We study the dynamics of modularization in a minimal substrate. A module is a functional unit relatively separable from its surrounding structure. Although it is known that modularity is useful both for robustness and for evolvability (Wagner 1996), there is no quantitative model describing how such modularity might originally emerge. Here we suggest, using simple computer simulations, that modularity arises spontaneously in evolutionary systems in response to variation, and that the amount of modular separation is logarithmically proportional to the rate of variation. Consequently, we predict that modular architectures would appear in correlation with high environmental change rates. Because this quantitative model does not require any special substrate to occur, it may also shed light on the origin of modular variation in nature. This observed relationship also indicates that modular design is a generic phenomenon that might be applicable to other fields, such as engineering: Engineering design methods based on evolutionary simulation would benefit from evolving to variable, rather than stationary, fitness criteria, as a weak and problem-independent method for inducing modularity. [source] LOVD: Easy creation of a locus-specific sequence variation database using an "LSDB-in-a-box" approach,HUMAN MUTATION, Issue 2 2005Ivo F.A.C. Fokkema Abstract The completion of the human genome project has initiated, as well as provided the basis for, the collection and study of all sequence variation between individuals. Direct access to up-to-date information on sequence variation is currently provided most efficiently through web-based, gene-centered, locus-specific databases (LSDBs). We have developed the Leiden Open (source) Variation Database (LOVD) software approaching the "LSDB-in-a-Box" idea for the easy creation and maintenance of a fully web-based gene sequence variation database. LOVD is platform-independent and uses PHP and MySQL open source software only. The basic gene-centered and modular design of the database follows the recommendations of the Human Genome Variation Society (HGVS) and focuses on the collection and display of DNA sequence variations. With minimal effort, the LOVD platform is extendable with clinical data. The open set-up should both facilitate and promote functional extension with scripts written by the community. The LOVD software is freely available from the Leiden Muscular Dystrophy pages (www.DMD.nl/LOVD/). To promote the use of LOVD, we currently offer curators the possibility to set up an LSDB on our Leiden server. Hum Mutat 26(2), 1,6, 2005. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Adaptive robust force control for vehicle active suspensionsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADAPTIVE CONTROL AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, Issue 2 2004Supavut Chantranuwathana Abstract In this paper, the modular adaptive robust control (MARC) technique is applied to design the force loop controller of an electro-hydraulic active suspension system. A key advantage of this modular design approach lies in the fact that the adaptation algorithm can be designed for explicit estimation convergence. The effect of parameter adaptation on force tracking performance can be compensated and thus it is possible to guaranteed certain control performance. Experimental results from a quarter-car active suspension test rig show that when realistic external disturbances and measurement noises exist, the modular design achieves a better estimate than the non-modular ARC design. The improved estimation was found to result in control signals with slightly lower magnitude while maintaining similar tracking performance. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] An analytical approach to the performance evaluation of the balanced gamma switch under multicast traffic,INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS, Issue 4 2007Cheng Li Abstract This paper presents the performance evaluation of a new cell-based multicast switch for broadband communications. Using distributed control and a modular design, the balanced gamma (BG) switch features high performance for unicast, multicast and combined traffic under both random and bursty conditions. Although it has buffers on input and output ports, the multicast BG switch follows predominantly an output-buffered architecture. The performance is evaluated under uniform and non-uniform traffic conditions in terms of cell loss ratio and cell delay. An analytical model is presented to analyse the performance of the multicast BG switch under multicast random traffic and used to verify simulation results. The delay performance under multicast bursty traffic is compared with those from an ideal pure output-buffered multicast switch to demonstrate how close its performance is to that of the ideal but impractical switch. Performance comparisons with other published switches are also studied through simulation for non-uniform and bursty traffic. It is shown that the multicast BG switch achieves a performance close to that of the ideal switch while keeping hardware complexity reasonable. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] | |||||||||||||