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Minor Event (minor + event)
Selected AbstractsReproductive phenology over a 10-year period in a lowland evergreen rain forest of central BorneoJOURNAL OF ECOLOGY, Issue 4 2007FRANCIS Q. BREARLEY Summary 1The aim of this study was to document patterns in tree reproductive phenology in a rain forest of central Borneo and examine relationships between phenology and climatic patterns. 2A 10-year data set (1990,2000) of monthly observations of flowering and fruit production of 171 trees (including 39 members of the Dipterocarpaceae) at Barito Ulu, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia, showed that most trees (73%) underwent reproductive activity on a supra-annual timescale. 3There were three general flowering (GF) events, in 1991, 1994 and 1997, which were preceded by major drought periods (30-day sliding total rainfall of less than 100 mm for more than 10 days) in which at least 40% of dipterocarps and at least 18% of all other trees underwent synchronized reproductive activity; there was also a minor event in 1990. Around 1.3% of trees flowered and 3.8% produced fruit in months outside of these four events. 4At the community level, the strongest negative correlation was found between the percentage of flowering individuals and total rainfall in the preceding 150 days. 5Within three genera of dipterocarps examined in more detail (Dipterocarpus, Shorea and Vatica) there were clear and consistent patterns of sequential flowering with certain species flowering early in the GF events and others towards the end of these events. 6Our results confirm the importance of large-scale climatic fluctuations (El Niņo-Southern Oscillation) on plant reproductive phenology in South-east Asian tropical forests and indicate that drought may be a more important cue than low night-time temperatures. [source] COMPARISON OF INTRAVENOUS IRON SUCROSE VERSUS LOW-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT IRON DEXTRAN IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASEJOURNAL OF RENAL CARE, Issue 2 2009Smeeta Sinha SUMMARY Background: Low-molecular-weight iron dextran (CosmoFerŪ) is the only form of parenteral iron that can be administered as a total dose infusion (TDI) in the United Kingdom (UK). This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of TDI CosmoFer in comparison to intravenous iron sucrose infusion (VenoferŪ) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods and Results: A retrospective study of outpatients with CKD undergoing intravenous TDI CosmoFer or Venofer infusion was conducted at Salford Royal Hospital and Sunderland Royal Hospital. A total of 979 doses of CosmoFer and 504 doses of Venofer were administered. There were three minor adverse events in patients receiving CosmoFer compared with one minor event in a Venofer treated patient. There were no anaphylactoid-type reactions in either group. Serum haemoglobin, ferritin and transferrin saturation (TSAT) improved significantly 4,6 months postinfusion in both treatment groups. Conclusion: TDI CosmoFer is an efficacious method of replenishing iron stores in CKD patients in an outpatient setting. Furthermore, TDI CosmoFer is safe and not associated with an increase in adverse events compared to Venofer. [source] Reporting of adverse events following immunization in AustraliaJOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH, Issue 4 2005David Isaacs Abstract: It is an important component of any immunization programme that vaccine safety is monitored by carrying out surveillance for adverse events following immunization (AEFI). Such surveillance can be active or passive. Active surveillance will detect more AEFI, but the vast majority will be minor events. Passive surveillance is probably more appropriate for routine AEFI surveillance, while active surveillance can be used to monitor a new vaccine or to test whether a specific severe event is significantly associated with immunization. Australia has a predominantly passive surveillance system. The system has recently been centralized, providing useful national data on vaccine safety. [source] Partial factor IXa inhibition with TTP889 for prevention of venous thromboembolism: an exploratory studyJOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS, Issue 3 2008B. I. ERIKSSON Summary.,Background:,Inhibitors of factor (F) IXa show potent antithrombotic activity with a low risk of bleeding in preclinical models. We investigated the anticoagulant potential of oral TTP889, a small molecule that inhibits up to 90% of FIXa activity at therapeutic doses, using a clinical model of extended prophylaxis in hip fracture surgery (HFS). Methods:,In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind study, 261 patients received oral TTP889 (300 mg once daily) or placebo starting 6,10 days after HFS, and standard thromboprophylaxis for 5,9 days. Treatment was continued for 3 weeks and all patients then underwent mandatory bilateral venography. The primary efficacy outcome was venous thromboembolism (VTE; venographic or symptomatic deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism) during treatment, and it was evaluated centrally by an independent adjudication panel. The main safety outcome was bleeding (major, clinically relevant non-major, and minor events). Results:,Two hundred and twelve patients with an evaluable venogram were included in the efficacy analysis. The primary efficacy outcome occurred in 32.1% (35/109) of patients who had been allocated TTP889, and 28.2% (29/103) of patients on placebo (P = 0.58). There were no major bleeding events, and only two clinically relevant non-major bleeding events with TTP889. Conclusion:,Partial FIXa inhibition with TTP889 300 mg daily was not effective for extended prevention of VTE after standard prophylaxis for up to 9 days. Coupled with the low incidence of bleeding episodes, this suggests a lack of antithrombotic potential. Further investigation of TTP889 in different clinical settings is needed. (Clinical trial registration information URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00119457) . [source] | ||||||||||