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Mid Stage (mid + stage)
Selected AbstractsFatty acid profiles of spiny lobster (Panulirus homarus) phyllosoma fed enriched ArtemiaAQUACULTURE RESEARCH, Issue 10 2010Kajal Chakraborty Abstract Three different life stages of spiny lobster larvae (phyllosoma) of Panulirus homarus were fed A1-Selco-enriched Artemia in two culture treatments, one with the microalgae Nannochloropsis salina (green water) and the other without the microalgae (clear water) to assess the ability to manipulate their fatty acid composition. Phyllosoma fed with 3-h A1-Selco-enriched Artemia salina attained Stage VIII (5.3 mm) and Stage V (3.4 mm) in 42 days in the green and clear water treatments respectively. The higher content of the essential fatty acids in N. salina (eicosapentaenoic acid, 25.8%; arachidonic acid, 9.5%; and docosahexaenoic acid, 4.2%) in the green water system increased the fatty acid content of the live food Artemia, and ultimately the phyllosoma. In spite of phyllosoma being fed with enriched Artemia in the clear water system, the total polyunsaturated fatty acid content of the early (Stages I,III) and mid stage (Stages IV,V) phyllosoma were significantly smaller (18.8% and 14.6% respectively) (P<0.05) than in the green water system (25.3% and 21.2% respectively). These results indicate the positive role of the microalgae in boosting the essential fatty acid content of lobster larvae. [source] Conjugated polyamines and hydroxycinnamic acids in grape berries during Botrytis cinerea disease development: differences between ,noble rot' and ,grey mould'AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF GRAPE AND WINE RESEARCH, Issue 2 2003L. GENY Abstract Data are provided on contrasting levels of different categories of polyamines and hydroxycinnamic acids during the course of disease development due to Botrytis cinerea on ripe grape berries that led to either noble rot or to grey mould. Noble rot development was mainly characterised by a greater accumulation of wall-bound polyamines at the beginning of infection, whereas the disease process that led to grey mould was marked by an increase of conjugated polyamines. During grey mould infection, coumaric acid was the predominant hydroxycinnamic acid present in both healthy and infected grape berries regardless of infection stage, whereas ferulic acid was present at lower concentrations than the other hydroxycinnamic acids identified. Moreover, changes in the relative proportions of each of the three hydroxycinnamic acids considered showed contrasting patterns according to the sort of rot which developed. The different roles of these compounds (hydroxycinnamic acids and polyamines) and their involvement in the interaction between Botrytis cinerea and grapevines is discussed. During development of grey mould, coumaric acid was the predominant hydroxycinnamic acid at the beginning and the end of infection, whereas caffeic acid predominated during mid stage. [source] Maternal expression and function of the Drosophila sox gene Dichaete during oogenesisDEVELOPMENTAL DYNAMICS, Issue 10 2006Ashim Mukherjee Abstract Members of the Sox family of DNA-binding HMG domain proteins have been shown to regulate gene transcription in a wide range of developmental processes, including sex determination, neurogenesis, and chondrogenesis. However, little is known about their potential functions in developing germline tissues. In Drosophila, the Sox protein Dichaete (a.k.a., Fish-hook) is a member of the SoxB subgroup whose HMG domain shares strong sequence similarity to that of vertebrate Sox2. Dichaete exhibits dynamic expression in embryonic and larval stages and has pleiotropic functions in a variety of tissues. In this study, we extend analyses of Dichaete function and show that expression of Dichaete protein is detected in the developing oocyte during early to mid stages of oogenesis. Strikingly, Dichaete exhibits cytoplasmic distribution and is not detected in the oocyte nucleus. Germline mosaic analyses revealed that the Dichaete gene has maternal functions that influence dorsal/ventral patterning of the egg chamber. Dichaete mutant eggs exhibit defects in formation of the dorsal appendages, differentiation of dorsal/anterior follicle cells, and mislocalization of Gurken protein and gurken mRNA. Dichaete protein was shown to possess RNA-binding capabilities, suggesting a direct post-transcriptional role in regulating RNA functions. Developmental Dynamics 235:2828,2835, 2006. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Expression of mRNA and proteins for GnRH I and II and their receptors in primate corpus luteum during menstrual cycleMOLECULAR REPRODUCTION & DEVELOPMENT, Issue 10 2008Nilkanta Chakrabarti Abstract The differential expression of mRNA and protein of GnRH I, II and their receptors (RI and RII) in the monkey corpus luteum (CL) were measured during different stages of the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle as an initial step towards considering the role and regulation of GnRH (I and II) system during luteinization and luteolysis in primates. RT-PCR confirmed the sequence identity of PCR products and real time PCR quantified specific mRNA expressions. Proteins were localized by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Changes in mRNA expression patterns of GnRH I and II (increased) and GnRH RII (decreased) were maximal at mid-late to late stages, that is, at CL regression, where as GnRH RI was low during the entire luteal phase. However, RT-PCR and IHC studies confirmed the presence of GnRH RI at both mRNA and protein levels, respectively. IHC results showed the presence of GnRH I, II and their receptors in steroidogenic cells (granulose-luteal cells and thecal-luteal cells) across the luteal phase. Hence, GnRH I and II systems may have a role on both luteinization (from early to mid stages of CL) and luteolysis (from mid-late to very-late stages of CL). These novel findings suggest that monkey luteal GnRH system may have a role in fertility regulation in paracrine and/or autocrine manner. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 75: 1567,1577 © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] | ||||||||||