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Mixing Methods (mixing + methods)
Selected AbstractsCompatibilization and development of layered silicate nanocomposites based of unsatured polyester resin and customized intercalation agentJOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE, Issue 6 2010Luigi Torre Abstract In this study a procedure for the preparation of compatibilized nanoclays was used to produce effective nanocomposites based on unsatured polyester (UP) resin. A compatibilization procedure of the filler with a selected surfactant has been developed and optimized, the effect of organic modifiers on the synthesized nanocomposites properties was studied. Moreover, polyester/clay nanocomposites were prepared. In particular, samples were prepared using two different mixing methods. The properties and formation processes of the nanocomposites obtained using the two methods were compared. X-ray diffraction studies revealed the formation of intercalated/exfoliated nanocomposites structures. The effect of processing parameters, used for both the compatibilization procedure and the preparation of nanocomposites, was studied. Dynamic mechanical, thermal analysis, and rheological tests were performed to investigate the formation mechanism of UP/montmorillonite nanocomposite. In particular, mechanical properties of nanocomposites were studied using dynamic mechanical analysis and tensile tests. Mechanical, rheological, and thermal characterization have confirmed the validity of the used approach to compatibilize the nanoclay and to produce nanocomposites. Tensile strength and Young's modulus were modified by the loading of the organoclays. Furthermore, the rheology of the nanocomposite formulation provided processing information, while mechanical and dynamic mechanical characterization was performed on the nanocomposites produced with the newly compatibilized formulation. The results have shown that nanocomposites with better mechanical properties can be obtained through the selection of an appropriate compatibilization process. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010 [source] Effect of mixing method on rheological properties of alginate impression materialsJOURNAL OF ORAL REHABILITATION, Issue 7 2002K. Inoue The apparent viscosity of alginate impression paste prepared by three mixing methods (hand-mixing technique (HM), semiautomatic instrument (SM) and automatic mixing instrument (AM)), and the gel strength and surface depression of the respective set materials were measured. The materials used were eight commercially available products mixed at a temperature of 23 ± 0.5 °C and allowed to set. The AM had a high mixing speed, which reduced the working time 4.4,31.5%, compared with HM. This was the result of an increase in paste temperature during mixing. In the case of impression materials mixed with the AM, the gel strength and the surface depression at the gel fracture increased significantly, in accordance with Fisher's protected least significant difference (PLSD) analysis. This phenomenon is caused by a decrease of air bubbles in the set material. [source] Can the introduction of a quality of life tool affect individual professional practice and the quality of care planning in a community mental health team?JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC & MENTAL HEALTH NURSING, Issue 10 2009N. MURPHY rmn dip he bsc (hons) msc pgchepr Accessible summary ,,Audit should not be restricted to one form of methodology and should embrace mixing methods of data collection. ,,Use of a quality of life tool allows users more of a voice, enhancing the partnership with service providers and presenting an alternate view of risk. ,,Implementation of any change to practice needs to address local level barriers and engage the service providers in the process, therefore, avoiding the common perception of being given more work without negotiation and feelings of alienation. Abstract This practice development paper demonstrates the scope for creativity in mixing audit and methods of investigation. It details the evolution of Quality of Life (QOL) perspectives and relates them to the practice of care planning. The process proved enlightening and affirming to practitioners and engaged them in considering value-based practice (recovery-orientated) from the perspective of the client. It was clear that subtle changes to care planning emerged, and the goal of giving responsibility for self determining issues was addressed. [source] Influence of initial mixing methods on melt-extruded single-walled carbon nanotube,polypropylene nanocompositesPOLYMER ENGINEERING & SCIENCE, Issue 9 2010Vinod K. Radhakrishnan We report the first direct comparison of melt-extruded polypropylene,single-walled carbon nanotube (PP/SWNT) nanocomposites prepared by three different initial mixing methods. The standard deviation of the G-band intensity obtained using Raman mapping was found to be the best measure of dispersion uniformity in the extruded composites, and dispersion uniformity was found to generally correlate with rheological and thermal properties. For all three initial mixing methods, both unmodified and sidewall-functionalized purified SWNTs were evaluated. Surprisingly, in all cases, dodecylated SWNTs prepared using the reductive alkylation method were less uniformly dispersed in the final composite than the unmodified SWNTs. The simplest process, dry blending, resulted in poor nanotube dispersion and only polymer crystallization was significantly affected by the presence of the nanotubes. A slightly more complex rotary evaporation process resulted in significantly more uniform dispersion and significant changes in rheological properties, polymer crystallization, and thermal stability. The most elaborate process tested, hot coagulation, enabled the most uniform dispersion and the greatest change in properties but also resulted in some polymer degradation. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 50:1831,1842, 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers [source] Organoclay,natural rubber nanocomposites synthesized by mechanical and solution mixing methodsPOLYMER INTERNATIONAL, Issue 11 2004MA López-Manchado Abstract This investigation describes two methods to obtain rubber composites based on natural rubber (NR) and organophilic layered silicates. In order to improve the exfoliation and compatibilization of the organoclays with the rubber matrix, a new approach which involves swelling of the organoclays with an elastomer solution prior to compounding has been used. The effect of the addition during swelling of a coupling agent, namely bis(trietoxysilylpropyl)tetrasulfan (TESPT), on the behaviour of the composites was also investigated. The results show that a low amount of organoclay (10 phr) significantly improves the properties of natural rubber. This suggests a strong rubber,organoclay interaction which is attributed to a high degree of rubber intercalation into the nanosilicate galleries, as was confirmed from X-ray diffraction. In addition, an ulterior improvement in the properties of the nanocomposites prepared by solution mixing is clearly observed, due to the better filler,rubber compatibility. An even further increase in the properties is observed by treating the silicate with a silane coupling agent. The silane functional groups modify the clay surface, thus reducing the surface energy, and consequently improving the compatibility with the rubber matrix. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry [source] | |||||||||||||